Background: Although trauma exposure is universally prevalent, the ways in which individuals respond to potentially traumatic events vary. Between-country differences have been identified as affecting the development and manifestation of transdiagnostic psychological symptoms, but it remains unclear how stress and trauma-related transdiagnostic symptoms and risk patterns differ based on geographic region.Objective: To explore whether there are distinct classes of stress and trauma-related transdiagnostic symptoms and to determine predictors of class membership in a global sample.Method: Participants (N = 8675) from 115 different countries were recruited online between 2020-2022 and completed the Global Psychotrauma Screen, which assesses stress and trauma exposure, related symptoms, and risk factors. A latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify classes of stress and trauma-related symptoms per world region (African States, Asia-Pacific States, Eastern European States, Latin American and Caribbean States, Western European and Other States, and North America) and the total sample. Likelihood of class membership was assessed based on demographics, characteristics of the potentially traumatic event, and potential risk factors across the world regions.Results: Similar class compositions were observed across regions. A joint latent class analysis identified three classes that differed by symptom severity (i.e. high, moderate, low). Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed several factors that conferred greater risk for experiencing higher levels of symptoms, including geographic region, gender, and lack of social support, among others.Conclusions: Stress and trauma-related symptoms seem to be similarly transdiagnostic across the world, supporting the value of a transdiagnostic assessment.

A latent class analysis of transdiagnostic stress and trauma-related symptoms in a global sample showed high, medium, and low symptom classes.Class compositions were similar across global geographic regions.Several factors were associated with high symptom class membership globally, including gender, geographic region, and lack of social support.

Clinical Psychological Intervention Department of Education and Psychology Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

Clinical Research Program National Institute of Mental Health Klecany Czech Republic

Department of Clinical Psychology Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands

Department of Epidemiology Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York NY USA

Department of Human Development and Family Studies Pennsylvania State University State College PA USA

Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands

Department of Psychological Sciences Auburn University Auburn AL USA

Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland

Division of Child and Adolescent Health Psychology Department of Psychology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland

Faculty of Education Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Gender in Medicine Charité Center for Health and Human Sciences Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany

Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit University of Cambridge Cambridge UK

Tooled Up Education LTD Dunstable England

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