High-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube and peritoneum (HGSC), the most common type of ovarian cancer, ranks among the deadliest malignancies. Many HGSC patients have excess fluid in the peritoneum called ascites. Ascites is a tumour microenvironment (TME) containing various cells, proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs). We isolated EVs from patients' ascites by orthogonal methods and analyzed them by mass spectrometry. We identified not only a set of 'core ascitic EV-associated proteins' but also defined their subset unique to HGSC ascites. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, we mapped the origin of HGSC-specific EVs to different types of cells present in ascites. Surprisingly, EVs did not come predominantly from tumour cells but from non-malignant cell types such as macrophages and fibroblasts. Flow cytometry of ascitic cells in combination with analysis of EV protein composition in matched samples showed that analysis of cell type-specific EV markers in HGSC has more substantial prognostic potential than analysis of ascitic cells. To conclude, we provide evidence that proteomic analysis of EVs can define the cellular composition of HGSC TME. This finding opens numerous avenues both for a better understanding of EV's role in tumour promotion/prevention and for improved HGSC diagnostics.

Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Experimental Biology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Internal Medicine Hematology and Oncology University Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Pathology University Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Veterinary Research Institute Brno Czech Republic

Institut Gustave Roussy INSERM U1015 Villejuif France

Institut Necker Enfants Malades IMMEDIAB Paris France

Erratum In

J Extracell Vesicles. 2024 May;13(5):e12443. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12443. PubMed

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