The conventional way steroid hormones work through receptors inside cells is widely acknowledged. There are unanswered questions about what happens to the hormone in the end and why there isn't always a strong connection between how much tissue takes up and its biological effects through receptor binding. Steroid hormones can also have non-traditional effects that happen quickly but don't involve entering the cell. Several possible mechanisms for these non-traditional actions include (a) changes in membrane fluidity, (b) steroid hormones acting on receptors on the outer surface of cells, (c) steroid hormones regulating GABAA receptors on cell membranes, and (d) activation of steroid receptors by factors like EGF, IGF-1, and dopamine. Data also suggests that steroid hormones may be inserted into DNA through receptors, acting as transcription factors. These proposed new mechanisms of action should not be seen as challenging the conventional mechanism. Instead, they contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of how hormones work, allowing for rapid, short-term, and prolonged effects to meet the body's physiological needs.

Center for Sexual Health and Intervention Czech National Institute of Mental Health Klecany Czech Republic; Department of Psychology and Life Sciences Faculty of Humanities Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala CINVESTAV Tlaxcala Mexico

Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala CINVESTAV Tlaxcala Mexico; Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica y Zootecnia Complejo Regional Centro Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico

Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala Tlaxcala Mexico

Facultad de ciencias para el desarrollo Humano Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala Mexico

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