Functional and molecular alterations in the cerebellum are among the most widely recognised associates of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). As a critical computational hub of the brain, the cerebellum controls and coordinates a range of motor, affective and cognitive processes. Despite well-described circuits and integrative mechanisms, specific changes that underlie cerebellar impairments in ASD remain elusive. Studies in experimental animals have been critical in uncovering molecular pathology and neuro-behavioural correlates, providing a model for investigating complex disease conditions. Herein, we review commonalities and differences of the most extensively characterised genetic lines of ASD with reference to the cerebellum. We revisit structural, functional, and molecular alterations which may contribute to neurobehavioral phenotypes. The cross-model analysis of this study provides an integrated outlook on the role of cerebellar alterations in pathobiology of ASD that may benefit future translational research and development of therapies.

Department of Medical Genetics 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Ruská 87 Prague 10000 Czech Republic

Experimental Neurobiology Program National Institute of Mental Health Klecany Czech Republic

Faculty of Engineering and Science University of Greenwich London Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB United Kingdom

Neuroscience Laboratory COBRAIN Center Yerevan State Medical University after M Heratsi Yerevan 0025 Armenia

References provided by Crossref.org