UNLABELLED: This study investigates the underlying mechanisms driving the formation of the largest known burial site of the Northern European Mesolithic, Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov (YOO). Radiogenic strontium isotope analysis (87Sr/86Sr) was used to identify group dynamics within the cemetery and examine the site's place within local and supra-regional networks. The analysis of 57 humans and 31 animals was supported by the creation of an environmental baseline which identified four key geological zones and defines the strontium characteristics of Lake Onega. Only two individuals had strontium values indicating time spent outside of Lake Onega's northern shores, where the majority of the burial population is likely to have resided. These results suggest that the YOO cemetery predominantly served as a burial place for those with semi-permanent residence in this area, with no significant evidence for gender-based relocation patterns indicative of patri- or matrilocal residency. However, materials seem to have travelled towards Lake Onega even over great distances and the presence of the two outlier individuals suggests these exchanges also involved long-distance travel of people. Our results align with an increasing number of studies that suggest a high degree of residential stability for Late Mesolithic foraging groups relying primarily on aquatic resources, yet simultaneously places the Lake Onega community within a wider Mesolithic communication network. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-024-02129-8.

Department of Anthropology and Archaeology University of Bristol Bristol UK

Department of Cultures Archaeology University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland

Finnish Museum of Natural History University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland

Institute of Archaeology University of Gdańsk Gdańsk Poland

Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic

Institute of Linguistics Literature and History Karelian Research Centre Russian Academy of Sciences Petrozavodsk Russia

Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography Russian Academy of Sciences St Petersburg Russia

School of Archaeology University of Oxford Oxford UK

School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Ahola M, Salo KH, Mannermaa K (2016) Almost gone: Human skeletal material from Finnish Stone Age earth graves. Fennoscandia Archaeol 2016(XXXIII):95–122

AlQahtani SJ, Hector MP, Liversidge HM (2010) Brief communication: the London atlas of human tooth development and eruption. Am J Phys Anthropol 142(3):481–490. 10.1002/ajpa.21258 PubMed

Ambrose SH, Norr L (1993) Experimental evidence for the relationship of the carbon isotope ratios of whole diet and dietary protein to those of bone collagen and carbonate. Prehist Hum Bone 1–37. 10.1007/978-3-662-02894-0_1

Bataille CP, Crowley BE, Wooller MJ, Bowen GJ (2020) Advances in global bioavailable strontium isoscapes. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 555:109849. 10.1016/J.PALAEO.2020.109849

Bentley RA (2006) Strontium isotopes from the earth to the archaeological skeleton: a review. J Archaeol Method Theory 13:135–187. 10.1007/s10816-006-9009-x

Bentley RA, Price DT, Lüning J, Gronenborn D, Wahl J, Fullagar PD (2002) Human migration in Early Neolithic Europe: strontium isotope analysis of Early Neolithic skeletons. Curr Anthropol 43(5):799–804

Bentley RA, Price TD, Stephan E (2004) Determining the ‘local’ 87Sr/86 Sr range for archaeological skeletons: a case study from Neolithic Europe. J Archaeol Sci 31:365–375. 10.1016/j.jas.2003.09.003

Bergman I, Östlund L, Zackrisson O (2004) The use of plants as regular food in ancient subarctic economies: a case study based on sami use of scots pine innerbark. Arct Anthropol 41(1):1–13. 10.1353/ARC.2011.0059 PubMed

Birck JL (1986) Precision KRbSr isotopic analysis: application to RbSr chronology. Chem Geol 56(1–2):73–83. 10.1016/0009-2541(86)90111-7

Bishop RR (2021) Hunter-gatherer carbohydrate consumption: plant roots and rhizomes as staple foods in Mesolithic Europe. World Archaeol 53(2):175–199. 10.1080/00438243.2021.2002715

Boethius A (2017) Signals of sedentism: faunal exploitation as evidence of a delayed-return economy at Norje Sunnansund, an Early Mesolithic site in south-eastern Sweden. Q Sci Rev 162:145–168. 10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2017.02.024

Boethius A, Kielman-Schmitt M, Robson HK (2022a) Mesolithic Scandinavian foraging patterns and hunting grounds targeted through laser ablation derived 87Sr/86Sr ratios at the Early-Mid Holocene site of Huseby Klev on the west coast of Sweden. Q Sci Rev 293:107697. 10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2022.107697

Boethius A, Kjällquist M, Kielman-Schmitt M, Ahlström T, Larsson L (2022b) Diachronic forager mobility: untangling the Stone Age movement patterns at the sites Norje Sunnansund, Skateholm and Västerbjers through strontium isotope ratio analysis by laser ablation. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 14:176. 10.1007/s12520-022-01640-0

Boethius A, Storå J, Gustavsson R, Kielman-Schmitt M (2024) Mobility among the stone age island foragers of Jettböle, Åland, investigated through high-resolution strontium isotope ratio analysis. Q Sci Rev 328:108548. 10.1016/J.QUASCIREV.2024.108548

Britton K, Grimes V, Dau J, Richards MP (2009) Reconstructing faunal migrations using intra-tooth sampling and strontium and oxygen isotope analyses: a case study of modern caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti). J Archaeol Sci 36(5):1163–1172. 10.1016/J.JAS.2009.01.003

Budd P, Montgomery J, Barreiro B, Thomas RG (2000) Differential diagenesis of strontium in archaeological human dental tissues. Appl Geochem 15(5):687–694. 10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00069-4

Charlier BLA, Ginibre C, Morgan D, Nowell GM, Pearson DG, Davidson JP, Ottley CJ (2006) Methods for the microsampling and high-precision analysis of strontium and rubidium isotopes at single crystal scale for petrological and geochronological applications. Chem Geol 232(3–4):114–133. 10.1016/J.CHEMGEO.2006.02.015

Clear JL, Molinari C, Bradshaw RHW (2014) Holocene fire in Fennoscandia and Denmark. Int J Wildland Fire 23(6):781. 10.1071/WF13188

Der Sarkissian C, Balanovsky O, Brandt G, Khartanovich V, Buzhilova A (2013) Ancient DNA reveals prehistoric gene-flow from Siberia in the complex human population history of North East Europe. PLoS Genet 9(2):1003296. 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003296 PubMed PMC

Davis HE, Cashdan E (2019) Spatial cognition, navigation, and mobility among children in a forager-horticulturalist population, the Tsimané of Bolivia. Cogn Dev 52:100800. 10.1016/J.COGDEV.2019.100800

Demonterova EI, Ivanov AV, Sklyarov EV, Pashkova GV, Klementiev MM, Tyagun LL, Vanin VA, Vologina EG, Yakhnenko AS, Yakhnenko MS, Kozyreva EA (2022) 87Sr/86Sr of Lake Baikal: Evidence for rapid homogenization of water. Appl Geochem 144:105420. 10.1016/J.APGEOCHEM.2022.105420

Dimitrijevic V, Zivaljevic I, Stefanovic S (2016) Becoming sedentary? The seasonality of food resource exploitation in the Mesolithic-Neolithic Danube Gorges. Doc Praehist 43:103–122. 10.4312/DP.43.4

Ericson JE (1985) Strontium isotope characterization in the study of prehistoric human ecology. J Hum Evol 14(5):503–514. 10.1016/S0047-2484(85)80029-4

Evans JA, Tatham S, Chenery SR, Chenery CA (2007) Anglo-Saxon animal husbandry techniques revealed though isotope and chemical variations in cattle teeth. Appl Geochem 22(9):1994–2005. 10.1016/J.APGEOCHEM.2007.03.059

Filatova VF (2012) Мезолитические памятники Карелии. Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук

Filatova VF (2002) оленеостровский могильник в системе мезолитических поселений Карелии. Кижский Вестник 7:205–211

Filatova VF (2004) Мезолит бассейна Онежского озера. Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук.

Filimonova L, Lavrova N (2015) Палеогеография Заонежского полуострова в позднем плейстоцене и голоцене. Труды Карельского Научного Центра РАН 4:30–47. 10.17076/bg22

Fretheim SE (2017) Mesolithic dwellings: An empirical approach to past trends and present interpretations in Norway. https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/handle/11250/2466192. Accessed 20 Mar 2024

Gerasimov DV, Kriiska A, Lisitsyn SN (2010) Colonization of the Gulf of Finland (the Baltic Sea) coastal zone in the Stone Age. III Northern Archaeological Congress Papers, pp 29–54

German KE, Demidov IN, Lavrovna NB, Shelekhova TS, Melniko I (2006) Природные условия в каменном веке и в эпоху раннего металла в районе залива Вожмариха Онежского озераю. Тверской Археологический Сборник, pp 136–143

Gokhman II (1994) Оленеостровский могильник на Онежском озере как источник расогенеза населения Северо-Запада России и Фенноскандии. Международная Конференция, Посвященная 100-Летию Со Дня Рождения Профессора В. И. Равдоникаса: Тез. Докл.- СПб., pp 53–54

Golubev A, Rychanchik D, Romashkin A, Polin A (2014) Geological description of Zaonezhye Peninsula. In: Lindholm T, Jakovlev J, Kravchenko A (eds) Reports of the Finnish Environment Institute, vol 40. Finnish Environment Institute, pp 17–34

Groot M, Evans J, Albarella U (2020) Mobility of cattle in the Iron Age and Roman Netherlands. J Archaeol Sci: Rep 32. 10.1016/J.JASREP.2020.102416

Grove M (2009) Hunter–gatherer movement patterns: causes and constraints. J Anthropol Archaeol 28(2):222–233. 10.1016/J.JAA.2009.01.003

Gurina NN (1956) Оленеостровский могильник. Материалы и исследования по археологии СССР. Вып. 47/отв. ред. АЯ Брюсов. М., Л.: Изд-во АН СССР.

Hakonen A, Perälä N, Vaneeckhout S, Laurén T, Okkonen J (2023) A large fifth-millennium BC cemetery in the subarctic north of the Baltic Sea? Antiquity 97(396):1402–1419. 10.15184/AQY.2023.160

Hamilton MJ, Milne BT, Walker RS, Brown JH (2007) Nonlinear scaling of space use in human hunter–gatherers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104(11):4765. 10.1073/PNAS.0611197104 PubMed PMC

Hertell E, Tallavaara M (2011) Hunter-gatherer mobility and the organisation of core technology in Mesolithic North-Eastern Europe. Mesolithic Interfaces–Variability in Lithic Technologies in Eastern Fennoscandia, pp 94–111

Hodell DA, Quinn RL, Brenner M, Kamenov G (2004) Spatial variation of strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) in the Maya region: a tool for tracking ancient human migration. J Archaeol Sci 31(5):585–601. 10.1016/J.JAS.2003.10.009

Holt E, Evans JA, Madgwick R (2021) Strontium (87Sr/86Sr) mapping: a critical review of methods and approaches. Earth Sci Rev 216:103593. 10.1016/J.EARSCIREV.2021.103593

Hoogewerff JA, Reimann C, Ueckermann H, Frei R, Frei KM, van Aswegen T, Stirling C, Reid M, Clayton A, Ladenberger A (2019) Bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr in European soils: a baseline for provenancing studies. Sci Total Environ 672:1033–1044. 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.03.387 PubMed

Hoppe KA, Koch PL, Furutani TT (2003) Assessing the preservation of biogenic strontium in fossil bones and tooth enamel. Int J Osteoarchaeol 13(1–2):20–28. 10.1002/OA.663

Horwitz EP, Dietz ML, Chiarizia R (1992) The application of novel extraction chromatographic materials to the characterization of radioactive waste solutions. J Radioanal Nucl Chem Art 161(2):575–583. 10.1007/BF02040504/METRICS

Hughes SS, Millard AR, Lucy SJ, Chenery CA, Evans JA, Nowell G, Pearson DG (2014) Anglo-Saxon origins investigated by isotopic analysis of burials from Berinsfield, Oxfordshire, UK. J Archaeol Sci 42(1):81–92. 10.1016/J.JAS.2013.10.025

Inostrantseff (1882) Доисторический человек каменного века побережья Ладожского озера. L’homme prehistorique de l’age de la pierre sur les cotes du Lac Ladoga. M.M. Stasyulevich

Jacobs K (1995) Returning to oleni’ ostrov: social, economic, and skeletal dimensions of a boreal forest mesolithic cemetery. J Anthropol Archaeol 14(4). 10.1006/jaar.1995.1018

Kaislaniemi L (2011) Estimating the distribution of strontium isotope ratios 87Sr/86Sr in the Precambrian of Finland. Bull Geol Soc Finl 83(2). 10.17741/bgsf/83.2.002

Karpin V (2014) Landscape structure of Zaonezhye Peninsula. In: Lindholm T, Jakovlev J, Kravchenko A (eds) Reports of the Finnish Environment Institute, vol 40. Finnish Envrionmental Institute, pp 103–110

Keith K (2005) Childhood learning and the distribution of knowledge in foraging societies. Archaeol Papers Am Anthropol Assoc 15(1):27–40. 10.1525/AP3A.2005.15.27

Kelly RL (1983) Hunter-Gatherer mobility strategies. J Anthropol Res 39(3):277–306. 10.1086/jar.39.3.3629672

Kelly RL (2013) The lifeways of Hunter-Gatherers. Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9781139176132

Khartanovich VI (2006) Краниологические материалы могильника Южного Оленьего острова Онежского озера – вопросы научной реставрации в связи с проблемами происхождения населения. Актуальные Проблемы Развития Музеев-Заповедников. Музей-Заповедник «Кижи», pp 201–214

Khlobistina MD (1978) Некоторые вопросы палеосоциологической интерпретации Оленеостровского могильника. Советская археология, 3, 47-57.

Kirkinen T, López-Costas O, Martínez Cortizas A, Sihvo SP, Ruhanen H, Käkelä R, Nyman J-E, Mikkola E, Rantanen J, Hertell E, Ahola M, Roiha J, Mannermaa K (2022) Preservation of microscopic fur, feather, and bast fibers in the Mesolithic ochre grave of Majoonsuo, Eastern Finland. PLoS ONE 17(9):e0274849. 10.1371/journal.pone.0274849 PubMed PMC

Klusek CS (1984) Strontium-90 in the US diet, 1982. 10.2172/6685059

Knipper C, Mittnik A, Massy K, Kociumaka C, Kucukkalipci I, Maus M, Wittenborn F, Metz SE, Staskiewicz A, Krause J, Stockhammer PW (2017) Female exogamy and gene pool diversification at the transition from the Final Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in central Europe. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114(38):10083–10088. 10.1073/pnas.1706355114 PubMed PMC

Koch PL (2008) Isotopic study of the biology of modern and fossil vertebrates. Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science: 2nd edn, 99–154. 10.1002/9780470691854.CH5

Koistinen T, Stephens MB, Bogatchev V, Nordgulen Ø, Wennerström M, Korhonen J (2001) Geological map of the Fennoscandian Shield, scale 1: 2 000 000. Geological Surveys of Finland, Norway and Sweden and the North-West Department of Natural Resources of Russia. Geological Surveys of Finland, Norway and Sweden and the North-West Department of Natural Resources of Russia

Kolodyazhny SY, Terekhov EN, Baluev AS, Poleshchuk AV, Zykov DS (2020) Tectonic features and stages of evolution of the Baltic–Mezen shear zone in the Phanerozoic, Northwest Russia. Geotectonics 54(1):1–18. 10.1134/S0016852120010057/FIGURES/11

Kolosova V, Belichenko O, Rodionova A, Melnikov D, Sõukand R (2020) Foraging in boreal forest: wild food plants of the republic of Karelia, NW Russia. Foods 9(8). 10.3390/foods9081015 PubMed PMC

Kondratyev KY, Filatov NN (1999) Limnology and remote sensing: a contemporary approach. Springer

Kosorukova NV (2017) Особенности Кремневого Инвентаря Мезолитической Стоянки Погостище 15 В Бассейне Озера Воже (Peculiarities of lithic inventory of the Mesolithic site Pogostische 15 in the lake Vozhe basin). In: Gerasimov DV (ed) Cultural Processes in the Circum-Baltic Space in the Early and Middle Holocene. Russian Academy of Sciences, pp 67–71

Kriiska A, Rostedt T, Jussila T (2016) The development of early Mesolithic social networks during the settlement of virgin lands in the eastern Baltic Sea region interpreted through comparison of two sites in Finland. In Comparative Perspectives on Past Colonisation, Maritime Interaction and Cultural Integration (pp. 19–40)

Krikunova AI, Savelieva LA, Long T, Leipe C, Kobe F, Kostromina NA, Vasilyeva AV, Tarasov PE (2024) Postglacial vegetation and climate change in the Lake Onega region of eastern Fennoscandia derived from a radiocarbon-dated pollen record. Quatern Int. 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.04.003

Kuznetsov NB, Kolodyazhnyi SY, Romanyuk TV, Strashko AV, Baluev AS, Terekhov EN, Mezhelovskaya SV, Dubensky AS, Sheshukov VS (2023) On the time and conditions of formation of the shoksha quartzite-sandstones of the South Onega depression based on the new data from isotope geochronology. Geodyn Tectonophysics 14(1). 10.5800/GT-2023-14-1-0685

Lahtinen M, Arppe L, Nowell G (2021) Source of strontium in archaeological mobility studies—marine diet contribution to the isotopic composition. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 13(1):1. 10.1007/s12520-020-01240-w

Larsson L, Price DT (2022) Animal teeth and mesolithic society. Open Archaeol 8(1):55–61. 10.1515/opar-2022-0229

Larsson L (1988) The Skateholm project. 1, Man and environment. Almqvist & Wiksell International

Layton R, O’Hara S, Bilsborough A (2012) Antiquity and social functions of multilevel social organization among human Hunter-Gatherers. Int J Primatol 33(5):1215–1245. 10.1007/s10764-012-9634-z

Lew-Levy S, Boyette AH, Crittenden AN, Hewlett BS, Lamb ME (2020) Gender-typed and gender-segregated play among Tanzanian Hadza and Congolese BaYaka Hunter-Gatherer children and adolescents. Child Dev 91(4):1284–1301. 10.1111/CDEV.13306 PubMed

Lewis J, Pike AWG, Coath CD, Evershed RP (2017) Strontium concentration, radiogenic (87Sr/86Sr) and stable (δ88Sr) strontium isotope systematics in a controlled feeding study. STAR: Sci Technol Archaeol Res 3(1):45–57. 10.1080/20548923.2017.1303124

Macāne A (2022) Stone Age companions: humans and animals in hunter-gatherer burials in north-eastern Europe [Doctoral Thesis]. University of Gothenburg

Makarikhin VV, Medvedev PV, Rychanchik DV (2006) Геологические памятники природы Карелии. Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Center RAS

Mannermaa K, Gerasimov D, Girya E, Sablin MV (2019) Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Teeth from a Female burial in Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov, Northwestern Russia (c. 6200 cal BC) – Local rarities or transported goods? Environ Archaeol 24(1):79–90. 10.1080/14614103.2017.1393139

Mannermaa K, Rainio R, Girya EY, Gerasimov DV (2021) Let’s groove: attachment techniques of Eurasian elk (Alces alces) tooth pendants at the Late Mesolithic cemetery Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov (Lake Onega, Russia). Archaeol Anthropol Sci 13(1). 10.1007/s12520-020-01237-5 PubMed PMC

Maurer AF, Galer SJG, Knipper C, Beierlein L, Nunn EV, Peters D, Tütken T, Alt KW, Schöne BR (2012) Bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr in different environmental samples — Effects of anthropogenic contamination and implications for isoscapes in past migration studies. Sci Total Environ 433:216–229. 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2012.06.046 PubMed

Melezhik VA, Fallick AE, Brasier AT, Lepland A (2015) Carbonate deposition in the Palaeoproterozoic Onega basin from Fennoscandia: a spotlight on the transition from the Lomagundi-Jatuli to Shunga events. Earth Sci Rev 147:65–98. 10.1016/J.EARSCIREV.2015.05.005

Mikuláš R, Mešķis S, Ivanov A, Lukševičs E, Zupiņš I, Stinkulis Ģ (2013) A rich ichnofossil assemblage from the Frasnian (Upper Devonian) deposits at Andoma Hill, Onega Lake, Russia. Bull Geosci 88(2). 10.3140/bull.geosci.1358

Mittnik A, Wang C-C, Pfrengle S, Daubaras M, Zariņa G, Hallgren F, Allmäe R, Khartanovich V, Moiseyev V, Tõrv M, Furtwängler A, Valtueña AA, Feldman M, Economou C, Oinonen M, Vasks A, Balanovska E, Reich D, Jankauskas R, Krause J (2018) The genetic prehistory of the Baltic Sea region. Nat Commun 9(1):1–11. 10.1038/s41467-018-02825-9 PubMed PMC

Montgomery J (2010) Passports from the past: Investigating human dispersals using strontium isotope analysis of tooth enamel. Ann Hum Biol 37(3):325–346. 10.3109/03014461003649297 PubMed

Nier AO (1938) The isotopic constitution of Strontium, Barium, Bismuth, Thallium and Mercury. Phys Rev 54(4). 10.1103/PhysRev.54.275

Nironen M (2017) Bedrock of Finland at the scale 1:1 000 000 - Major stratigraphic units, metamorphism and tectonic evolution. Nironen, Mikko. ‘Guide to the Geological Map of Finland–Bedrock 1: 1 000 000.’ Geological Survey of Finland. Special Paper 60:41–76

Oras E, Lang V, Rannamäe E, Varul L, Konsa M, Limbo-Simovart J, Vedru G, Laneman M, Malve M, Price TD (2016) Tracing prehistoric migration: Isotope analysis of Bronze and Pre-Roman Iron Age coastal burials in Estonia. Est J Archaeol 20(1):3. 10.3176/arch.2016.1.01

O’Shea J, Zvelebil M (1984) Oleneostrovski mogilnik: reconstructing the social and economic organization of prehistoric foragers in Northern Russia. J Anthropol Archaeol 3(1). 10.1016/0278-4165(84)90011-4

Oshibkina SV (2008) Mesolithic burial grounds and burial complexes in the forest zone of Eastern Europe. Anthropol Archeol Eurasia 46(4):46–70. 10.2753/AAE1061-1959460403

Oshibkina SV (2016) Funeral rituals of the population of the Eastern Lake Onega region (based on materials from Popovo and Peschanitsa cemeteries). In: Grünberg JM, Gramsch B, Larsson L, Orschiedt J, Meller H (eds) Mesolithic burials – Rites, symbols and social organisation of Early Postglacial Communities. Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle, pp 793–808

Pankrushev GA (1978) Мезолит и неолит Карелии. Наука. Ленингр. отд-ние

Pesonen P, Hertell E, Simponen L, Mannermaa K, Manninen MA, Rostedt T, Taipale N, Tallavaara M (2014) Post-glacial pioneer settlement in the Lake Sarvin-ki area, eastern Finland. In F. Riede & M. Tallavaara (eds.) Lateglacial and postglacial pioneers in Northern Europe: 177–92. BAR International Series 2599

Petersone-Gordina E, Montgomery J, Millard AR, Nowell G, Peterkin J, Roberts CA, Gerhards G, Zelčs V (2022) Strontium isotope identification of possible rural immigrants in 17th century mass graves at St. Gertrude Church cemetery in Riga. Latvia Archaeometry 64(4):1028–1043. 10.1111/arcm.12759

Peucker-Ehrenbrink B, Fiske GJ (2019) A continental perspective of the seawater 87Sr/86Sr record: a review. Chem Geol 510:140–165. 10.1016/J.CHEMGEO.2019.01.017

Piličiauskas G, Simčenka E, Kozakaitė J, Miliauskienė Ž, Piličiauskienė G, Robson HK, IR DONKALNIO IR SPIGINO KAPINYNŲ AKMENS AMŽIAUS ŽMONIŲ KILMĖ IR MOBILUMAS (2021) STRONCIO IZOTOPŲ ANALIZĖS DUOMENIMIS. Lietuvos Archeologija, 209–233. https://doi.org/10.33918/25386514-047010

Piličiauskas G, Simčenka E, Lidén K, Kozakaitė J, Miliauskienė Ž, Piličiauskienė G, Kooijman E, Šinkūnas P, Robson HK (2022) Strontium isotope analysis reveals prehistoric mobility patterns in the southeastern Baltic area. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 14(4):74. 10.1007/s12520-022-01539-w

Pin C, Gannoun A, Dupont A (2014) Rapid, simultaneous separation of Sr, Pb, and Nd by extraction chromatography prior to isotope ratios determination by TIMS and MC-ICP-MS. J Anal At Spectrom 29(10):1858–1870. 10.1039/C4JA00169A

Plomp E, Von Holstein ICC, Kootker LM, Verdegaal-Warmerdam SJA, Forouzanfar T, Davies GR (2020) Strontium, oxygen, and carbon isotope variation in modern human dental enamel. Am J Phys Anthropol 172:586–604. 10.1002/ajpa.24059 PubMed PMC

Popp BN, Podosek FA, Brannon JC, Anderson TF, Pier J (1986) 87Sr/86Sr ratios in Permo-Carboniferous sea water from the analyses of well-preserved brachiopod shells. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50(7):1321–1328. 10.1016/0016-7037(86)90308-X

Posth C, Yu H, Ghalichi A, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Huang Y, Ringbauer H, Rohrlach AB, Nägele K, Villalba-Mouco V, Radzeviciute R, Ferraz T, Stoessel A, Tukhbatova R, Drucker DG, Lari M, Modi A, Vai S, Saupe T, … Krause J (2023) Palaeogenomics of upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers. Nature 615(7950):117–12. 10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0 PubMed PMC

Pouncett J (2020) Spatial approaches to assignment. Archaeol Spat Anal 192–211. 10.4324/9781351243858-11

Price DT, Bläuer A, Oras E, Ruohonen J (2021) Baseline 87sr/86sr values in Southern Finland and Isotopic proveniencing of the cemetery at Ravattula Ristimäki. Fennoscandia Archaeol XXXVIII. https://journal.fi/fennoscandiaarchaeologica/article/view/126596. Accessed 13 Sep 2023

Price DT, Moiseyev V, Grigoreva N (2019) Vikings in Russia: origins of the medieval inhabitants of Staraya Ladoga. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 11(11):6093–6109. 10.1007/S12520-019-00897-2/FIGURES/13

Price DT, Peets J, Allmäe R, Maldre L, Price N (2020) Human remains, context, and place of origin for the Salme, Estonia, boat burials. J Anthropol Archaeol 58:101149. 10.1016/J.JAA.2020.101149

Ravdonikas VI (1956) Неолитический могильник на Южном Оленьем острове Онежского озера. Вступительная статья, vol 47. МИА, pp 7–24

Reeder S, Taylor H, Shaw RA, Demetriades A (2005) Elements Silver (Ag) – Zirconium (Zr): Rb. In: de Vos W, Tarvainen T (eds) Geochemical Atlas of Europe. Part 2: Interpretation of geochemical maps, additional tables, figures maps and related publications. Geological Survey of Finland, pp 299–304

Riede F, Tallavaara M (2014) The Lateglacial and postglacial pioneer colonisation of northern Europe – an introduction. In: Riede F, Tallavaara M (eds) Lateglacial and postglacial pioneers in Northern Europe. (pp. 3-10). Oxford: Archaeopress. 10.30861/9781407312316

Russell WA, Papanastassiou DA, Tombrello TA (1978) Ca isotope fractionation on the Earth and other solar system materials. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 42(8):1075–1090. 10.1016/0016-7037(78)90105-9

Scharlotta I, Bazaliiskii VI, Kusaka S, Weber AW (2022) Diet or mobility? Multi-isotopic (C, N, and Sr) dietary modeling at Shamanka II, Cis-Baikal, Siberia. Archaeol Res Asia 29:100340. 10.1016/J.ARA.2021.100340

Scharlotta I, Goude G, Herrscher E, Bazaliiskii VI, Weber AW (2018) Mind the gap—Assessing methods for aligning age determination and growth rate in multi-molar sequences of dietary isotopic data. Am J Hum Biol 30(5). 10.1002/ajhb.23163 PubMed

Schulting, R (2010) Holocene environmental change and the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in north-west Europe: revisiting two models. Environ Archaeol 15(2):160–172

Schoeninger MJ (1985) Trophic level effects on 15N/14N and 13C/12C ratios in bone collagen and strontium levels in bone mineral. J Hum Evol 14(5):515–525. 10.1016/S0047-2484(85)80030-0

Schulting RJ, Mannermaa K, Tarasov PE, Higham T, Ramsey CB, Khartanovich V, Moiseyev V, Gerasimov D, O’Shea J, Weber A (2022) Radiocarbon dating from Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov cemetery reveals complex human responses to socio-ecological stress during the 8.2 ka cooling event. Nat Ecol Evol 2022 6(2):155–162. 10.1038/s41559-021-01628-4 PubMed

Shakhnovich MM (2007) Культурно-хронологическая атрибуция мезолитическх памятников Северной и Западной Карелии и их место в мезолите Северной Европы. In: Шаяхметова ЛГ (ed) Кольский сборник. Институт истории материальной культуры РАН, pp 11–40

Singh NJ, Börger L, Dettki H, Bunnefeld N, Ericsson G (2012) From migration to nomadism: movement variability in a northern ungulate across its latitudinal range. Ecol Appl 22(7):2007–2020 PubMed

Slovak NM, Paytan A (2012) Applications of Sr Isotopes in Archaeology. In: Advances in Isotope Geochemistry. Springer, pp 743–768. 10.1007/978-3-642-10637-8_35

Snoeck C, Ryan S, Pouncett J, Pellegrini M, Claeys P, Wainwright AN, Mattielli N, Lee-Thorp JA, Schulting RJ (2020) Towards a biologically available strontium isotope baseline for Ireland. Sci Total Environ 712. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136248 PubMed

Sørensen M, Rankama T, Kankaanpää J, Knutsson K, Knutsson H, Melvold S, Eriksen BV, Glørstad H (2013) The first eastern migrations of people and knowledge into Scandinavia: evidence from studies of Mesolithic Technology, 9th-8th Millennium BC. Nor Archaeol Rev 46(1):19–56. 10.1080/00293652.2013.770416

Sowden EM, Stitch SR (1957) Trace elements in human tissue. 2. Estimation of the concentrations of stable strontium and barium in human bone. Biochem J 67(1):104–109. 10.1042/bj0670104 PubMed PMC

Suomen hirvikannan hoitosuunnitelma 2014 Maa- ja metsätalousministeriö, 72

Tarasov A (2018) Filling a gap in the migration route? Initial peopling of the Lake Onega Region in the light of new radiocarbon datings. Nor Archaeol Rev 51(1–2):175–189. 10.1080/00293652.2018.1449240

Tarasov A, Nordqvist K (2022) Made for exchange: the Russian Karelian lithic industry and hunter-fisher-gatherer exchange networks in prehistoric north-eastern Europe. Antiquity 96(385):34–50. 10.15184/AQY.2021.133

Thirlwall MF (1991) Long-term reproducibility of multicollector Sr and Nd isotope ratio analysis. Chem Geol: Isotope Geosci Sect 94(2):85–104. 10.1016/0168-9622(91)90002-E

Ukkonen P, Mannermaa K, Nummi P, Holocene (2015) New evidence of the presence of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Finland during early Holocene: Dispersal restricted by snow and hunting? Holocene 25(2). 10.1177/0959683614557575

Vanhanen S, Pesonen P (2016) Wild plant gathering in Stone Age Finland. Quatern Int 404. 10.1016/j.quaint.2015.10.036

Varo P (1984) Kivennäisaine Taulukko (2nd–3rd ed.). Otava

Veizer J, Ala D, Azmy K, Bruckschen P, Buhl D, Bruhn F, Garden GAF, Diener A, Ebneth S, Godderis Y, Jasper T, Korte C, Pawellek F, Podlaha OG, Strauss H (1999) 87Sr/86Sr, δ13C and δ18O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater. Chem Geol 161(1–3):59–88. 10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00081-9

Yakimov VP (1960) Aнтропологические материалы из неолитического могильника на Южном Оленьем острове (Онежское озеро). In С. П. Толстов & М. Л. Изд-во (Eds.), Сборник Музея антропологии и этнографии. Институт этнографии им. Н.Н. Миклухо-Маклая АН СССР; отв. ред. С.П. Толстов.- М.; Л.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1960 (Vol. 19)

Zhirov EV (1940) Заметка о скелетах из неолитического могильника Южного Оленьего острова. KSIIMK, pp 51–54

Zimmerman DW (1987) Comparative power of student T Test and Mann-Whitney U test for unequal sample sizes and variances. J Exp Educ 55(3):171–174. 10.1080/00220973.1987.10806451

Zobkov M, Potakhin M, Subetto D, Tarasov A (2019) Reconstructing Lake Onego evolution during and after the Late Weichselian glaciation with special reference to water volume and area estimations. J Paleolimnol. 10.1007/s10933-019-00075-3