This study investigated the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)-based nanocomposites reinforced with different types and concentrations of nanofillers. The uniaxial tensile testing results indicated that Young's modulus (E) generally decreased with increasing filler content, except at 0.500 w.% filler concentration, where a slight increase in stiffness was observed. A statistically significant interaction between sample type and filler concentration was identified (p = 0.045). Fracture toughness measurements revealed a significant reduction in impact resistance at 1.000 w.% filler concentration, with values dropping by up to 67% compared with neat acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. Dynamic mechanical vibration testing confirmed a decrease in stiffness, as evidenced by a shift of the first resonance frequency (fR1) to lower values. Hardness measurements including indentation and Shore D hardness exhibited an increasing trend with rising filler concentration, with statistically significant differences observed at specific concentration levels (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that nanofillers were well dispersed at lower concentrations, but agglomeration began above 0.500 w.%, resulting in void formation and a noticeable decline in mechanical properties. The results suggest that an optimal filler concentration range of 0.250-0.500 w.% offers an ideal balance between enhanced mechanical properties and material integrity.

Department of Hydromechanics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VŠB Technical University of Ostrava and Hydraulic Equipment 17 Listopadu 15 2172 708 33 Ostrava Poruba Czech Republic

Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Technology Faculty Selçuk University 42075 Konya Türkiye

Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Science Palacky University 17 Listopadu 12 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Polymer Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering Yalova University 77200 Yalova Türkiye

Faculty of Technology Tomas Bata University in Zlin Vavreckova 5669 760 01 Zlin Czech Republic

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