The optimal siting and sizing of DGs are vital for the efficient operation of both radial and microgrid distribution systems. From an operational perspective, minimizing real power loss, reducing voltage deviation, and improving voltage stability index are the three primary objectives considered in this study. This manuscript addresses these issues by proposing a novel quasi-oppositional forensic-based investigation (QOFBI) algorithm, an evolutionary meta-optimization technique designed to optimize the location and sizing of DGs under various operating conditions, while adhering to system constraints. The approach introduces a weighting factor-based multiobjective formulation, where optimal weighting factors are computed dynamically. This ensures a balanced approach to minimizing power loss, voltage deviation, and enhancing voltage stability. Extensive simulations were conducted on the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus standard distribution systems, evaluating the impact of DG placement with varying power factors under operational constraints. The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach in terms of faster convergence, reduced complexity, and improved performance compared to existing optimization methods. The QOFBI algorithm achieves a 94.44% reduction in active power loss, highlighting its robust performance across different operational scenarios. These findings underscore the potential of QOFBI as a highly effective tool for DG optimization in modern distribution systems, offering both operational efficiency and system reliability.

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University Bhubaneswar Odisha India

Department of Electrical Engineering Bhubaneswar Engineering College Bhubaneswar India

Department of Electrical Engineering Graphic Era Dehradun 248002 India

Department of Electrical Engineering Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University Bhubaneswar Odisha India

Department of Electrical Engineering Srinix College Engineering Balasore India

Department of Electrical Engineering Synergy Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar India

ENET Centre CEET VSB Technical University of Ostrava 708 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun 248002 India

Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan

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