This investigation introduces a scalable fabrication method for laser-induced graphene (LIG)-boron-doped diamond nanowall (BDNW) hybrid nanostructures, designed for field electron emission (FEE) cathode materials in microplasma illumination (μPI) devices. The two-step process involves fabricating BDNWs via microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, followed by drop-casting BDNW dispersion onto polyimide foils to create LIG-BDNW hybrid nanostructures. Topographic studies reveal that BDNWs on LIG boosts surface area and prevent graphene restacking. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirms precise BDNW decoration, creating sharp edges and high porosity. The effects of boron and nitrogen dopants, highlighted by Raman spectroscopy, are corroborated by near-edge X-ray absorption fire structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. The hybrid nanostructures exhibit high electrical conductivity and superior FEE properties, with a low turn-on field of 2.9 V μm-1, a large FEE current density of 3.0 mA cm-2 at an applied field of 7.9 V μm-1, and a field-enhancement factor of 5,480. The hybrid nanostructures demonstrate an exceptionally low breakdown voltage of 320 V and a plasma current density of 9.48 mA cm-1 at an applied voltage of 550 V. Ab-initio calculations of the electronic structure further support the experimental findings of these diamond-graphene hybrids, underscoring their potential in advanced electronic applications.

Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad 201002 India

Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 123 61200 Brno Czech Republic

CSIR Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Bhubaneswar Odisha 751013 India

Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics Gdańsk University of Technology 11 12 Narutowicza St 80 233 Gdańsk Poland

Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics Gdańsk University of Technology 11 12 Narutowicza St 80 233 Gdańsk Poland

Main Department Scientific Equipment Development Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Hahn Meitner Platz 1 14109 Berlin Germany

Materials and Process Simulation Center California Institute of Technology 1200 East California Blvd California 91125 USA

Szewalski Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences Fiszera 14 Gdansk Poland

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