The Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis (YDIH) posits that ~12,800 years ago Earth encountered the debris stream of a disintegrating comet, triggering hemisphere-wide airbursts, atmospheric dust loading, and the deposition of a distinctive suite of extraterrestrial (ET) impact proxies at the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB). Until now, evidence supporting this hypothesis has come only from terrestrial sediment and ice-core records. Here we report the first discovery of similar impact-related proxies in ocean sediments from four marine cores in Baffin Bay that span the YDB layer at water depths of 0.5-2.4 km, minimizing the potential for modern contamination. Using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and laser ablation ICP-MS, we detect synchronous abundance peaks of metallic debris geochemically consistent with cometary dust, co-occurring with iron- and silica-rich microspherules (4-163 μm) that are predominantly of terrestrial origin with minor (<2 wt%) ET contributions. These microspherules were likely formed by low-altitude touchdown airbursts and surface impacts of comet fragments and were widely dispersed. In addition, single-particle ICP-TOF-MS analysis reveals nanoparticles (<1 μm) enriched in platinum, iridium, nickel, and cobalt. Similar platinum-group element anomalies at the YDB have been documented at dozens of sites worldwide, strongly suggesting an ET source. Collectively, these findings provide robust support for the YDIH. The impact event likely triggered massive meltwater flooding, iceberg calving, and a temporary shutdown of thermohaline circulation, contributing to abrupt Younger Dryas cooling. Our identification of a YDB impact layer in deep marine sediments underscores the potential of oceanic records to broaden our understanding of this catastrophic event and its climatological impacts.

Armagh Observatory and Planetarium College Hill Armagh Northern Ireland

Borok Geophysical Observatory of Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences Russian Federation

Center for Advanced Materials Characterization in Oregon University of Oregon Eugene Oregon United States of America

Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk Department of Environmental Health Sciences Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia United States of America

Center of Excellence in Remote Sensing Education and Research Elizabeth City State University Elizabeth City North Carolina United States of America

College of Humanities Arts and Social Sciences Flinders University South Australia

Comet Research Group Prescott Arizona United States of America

Department of Earth Environment and Planning East Carolina University Greenville North Carolina United States of America

Department of Earth Science and Marine Science Institute University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California United States of America

Department of Geoscience University of Wisconsin Madison Madison Wisconsin United States of America

Department of Natural Sciences Elizabeth City State University Elizabeth City North Carolina United States of America

Electron Microscopy and Surface Analysis Lab Nanofab University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah United States of America

Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska United States of America

Institute of Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Applied Geophysics Charles University Prague Czechia

Planetary and Space Sciences The Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom

School of Earth Ocean and Environment University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina United States of America

South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Heritage Trust Program; Land Water and Conservation Division Columbia South Carolina United States of America

South Carolina Institute for Archaeology and Anthropology University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina United States of America

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