Most known brown rot-producing species of Polyporales belong to the so-called "Antrodia clade" that largely consists of poroid species. In this study, we use three genetic markers to revise Antrodia s. str., the core group of this clade. We show that a corticioid species with a smooth hymenophore, Phlebia griseoflavescens, belongs to Antrodia s. str. Accordingly, we revise the generic concept of Antrodia s. str. to accommodate this species and two recently described poroid taxa, A. tenerifensis and A. multiformis. In addition, we describe two new poroid species within Antrodia s. str., A. latebrosa from Africa and A. peregrina from East Asia, and provide new documentation for the Southeast Asian species A. parvula based on recent collections from the type location.
- MeSH
- Antrodia klasifikace cytologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- DNA fungální chemie genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- mikrobiologie životního prostředí MeSH
- mikroskopie MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The genus Fuscoporia of the Hymenochaetaceae is characterized by resupinate to pileate basidiocarps, a dimitic hyphal system with fine crystal aggregates and encrusted generative hyphae in dissepiment edge and tube trama, the presence of hymenial setae, and hyaline, thin-walled, smooth basidiospores. Members of the F. contigua group are easy to distinguish from other species of Fuscoporia because of the moderately large pores, presence of mycelial setae, and large hymenial setae. Here, we explore phylogenetic relationships among 20 species of Fuscoporia based on examination of some 90 collections sampled worldwide. Seven new species are recognized in the F. contigua group-F. americana, F. centroamericana, F. costaricana, F. latispora, F. monticola, F. septiseta, and F. sinica-described from China, Costa Rica, Mexico, and the United States. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from DNA sequences of the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), D1-D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (28S), and translation elongation factor EF-1 alpha (tef1) support the F. contigua group as one of two major clades within Fuscoporia comprising nine species worldwide.
Porodaedalea is a polypore genus of the Hymenochaetales that encompasses pathogens of conifer trees. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive study of the phylogeny and diversity of Porodaedalea based on collections and isolates from Europe, North America, North Africa, and Asia. Phylogenetic analysis of a two-gene data set, nuc ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), shows that 20 terminal clades that correspond to phylogenetic species well supported within Porodaedalea. Based on morphological evidence, five new species, P. alpicola, P. indica, P. kesiyae, P. microsperma, and P. yunnanensis, are described and illustrated. In addition, four still unnamed lineages are detected in North America and East Asia.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota klasifikace izolace a purifikace MeSH
- cévnaté rostliny mikrobiologie MeSH
- DNA fungální genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- fylogeografie MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 5.8S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Asie MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- severní Afrika MeSH
- Severní Amerika MeSH
Previously, Pyrrhoderma accommodated two polypore species, P. adamantinum and P. scaurum; however, phylogenetic studies indicated that these two species were not congeneric within the Hymenochaetaceae and that P. adamantinum formed a clade with Phellinidium noxium. To resolve the relationships among the two species of Pyrrhoderma and other related taxa, specimens from China, Costa Rica, Singapore, and Thailand were studied from both morphological and phylogenetic perspectives. A new genus, Fulvoderma, is erected to accommodate F. scaurum comb. nov., and a new species, F. australe (the generic type). Pyrrhoderma is delimited to include the generic type, P. sendaiense (a later synonym of P. adamantinum); two new combinations, P. lamaënse comb. nov., and P. noxium comb. nov.; and three new species, P. hainanense, P. thailandicum, and P. yunnanense. In addition, an undescribed lineage including several specimens from subtropical and tropical forests in China, Costa Rica, Singapore, and Thailand also nested within the Pyrrhoderma clade. However, as the voucher specimens are sterile or almost so, they are not described. The concept of Pyrrhoderma was emended to also accommodate species bearing resupinate, effuse-reflexed basidiocarps, hymenial or hyphoid setae, and non-subglobose basidiospores. Keys to Fulvoderma and Pyrrhoderma are provided.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota klasifikace genetika růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace MeSH
- DNA fungální chemie genetika MeSH
- fungální RNA genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- geny rRNA MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- mikroskopie MeSH
- plodnice hub růst a vývoj MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 28S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- spory hub cytologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Asie MeSH
- Kostarika MeSH
Fomitiporella accommodates polypores producing annual to perennial basidiocarps with an indistinct subiculum (very thin to almost lacking), mostly a dimitic hyphal structure, lacking any kind of setae, with brownish, thick-walled basidiospores, and causing a white rot. Previously, only a few samples of Fomitiporella were studied on the basis of morphological and nuc 28S rDNA (28S)-based phylogenetic analyses. In this study, we made a comprehensive study on Fomitiporella on the basis of collections from Central America, USA, Europe, and China. The phylogenetic analysis, including 28 nuc 28S rDNA and 29 nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) sequences newly generated, discovered 14 new lineages. Combined with morphological evidence, 4 new lineages are described and illustrated as new species, viz., Fomitiporella americana, F. micropora, F. sinica, and F. subinermis; 10 other new lineages, each with a single collection, are still treated as unidentified taxa; three new combinations, viz., Fomitiporella tenuissima, F. chinensis, and F. resupinata, are proposed. In addition, F. inermis is redescribed. A key to the 12 known species of Fomitiporella is provided.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota klasifikace cytologie genetika MeSH
- biodiverzita * MeSH
- DNA fungální genetika MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- hyfy cytologie MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- mykologické určovací techniky MeSH
- plodnice hub cytologie MeSH
- ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- spory hub cytologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Čína MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- Střední Amerika MeSH
Rigidoporus and its morphologically similar genera Physisporinus, Oxyporus, and Leucophellinus, which include some forest pathogens and medicinal species, are very important groups of wood-decaying fungi. Species of these genera have not only ecological functions, but also economic importance. Phylogenetic and taxonomic studies on taxa in these genera were carried out. Inferred from phylogenies based on DNA sequences of the nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) and D1-D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA, 36 species sampled that traditionally belong to Physisporinus, Rigidoporus, Leucophellinus, and Oxyporus are nested mostly in eight lineages. Of these lineages, five (including four genera of Physisporinus, Emmia, Flaviporus, and Flavodon and one taxon "R. hypobrunneus") belong to Polyporales and three (including the genera Rigidoporus, Bridgeoporus, and Leucophellinus) belong to Hymenochaetales. Rigidoporus and Oxyporus are merged because the type species of both genera are nested in a single lineage within Hymenochaetales. Some taxon previously placed in Ceriporia and Oxyporus are transferred to Emmia and Flavodon, respectively, on the basis of current phylogeny. Utilizing a combination of the morphological and phylogenetic evidence, 16 new combinations in Bridgeoporus, Emmia, Flaviporus, Flavodon, Rigidoporus, and Physisporinus are proposed. Five new species, Physisporinus crataegi, P. lavendulus, P. subcrocatus, P. tibeticus, and Rigidoporus submicroporus, are recognized from China. Illustrated descriptions of these novel species are provided. Three taxa are treated at the generic level of Physisporinus because of limited samples.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- DNA fungální chemie genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 28S genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 5.8S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Čína MeSH
Onnia includes white rotting polypores with annual basidiocarps, a duplex context, monomitic hyphal structure, hymenial setae, and hyaline, thin-walled, smooth basidiospores. Specimens of Onnia, originating mainly from East Asia, Europe, and North America, were studied using both morphology and phylogenetic analyses. Our concatenated data set was derived from 25 collections and included (i) 25 nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region sequences (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), 17 generated in this study; and (ii) 14 nuc rDNA 28S rDNA sequences, including the D1-D2 domains, 11 of them generated in this study. The resulting maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies recovered all sampled collections of Onnia as a well-supported clade. In this clade, three previously accepted species, viz., Onnia leporina, O. tomentosa, and O. triquetra, received strong support, whereas three additional lineages with strong support represent the new species described in this paper, O. subtriquetra, O. microspora, and O. tibetica. Of the six Onnia species occurring on gymnosperms, O. tomentosa and O. leporina grow mainly on Picea and have circumboreal distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, other species that mostly grow on Pinus are geographically restricted to limited regions, viz., O. triquetra in Europe, O. subtriquetra in North America, and O. microspora and O. tibetica in Asia.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota klasifikace cytologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- borovice mikrobiologie MeSH
- DNA fungální chemie genetika MeSH
- fylogeografie * MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- mikroskopie MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 28S genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 5.8S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- smrk mikrobiologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Dálný východ MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- Severní Amerika MeSH
Phellinidium, including 13 accepted polypore species mostly with resupinate basidiocarps, is one of the most aggressive forest pathogenic genera. This genus is characterized by the combination of a monomitic hyphal structure, abundant hyphoid setae in the context and trama, and hyaline and thin-walled basidiospores. To explore the relationships among the species of Phellinidium, especially those between forest pathogens and saprophytes, we examined 29 specimens representing all 13 previously known species from Asia, Europe and America from morphological and phylogenetic perspectives. A new genus, Coniferiporia, was found to segregate from Phellinidium for three aggressive forest pathogens, and three new combinations, viz. Coniferiporia qilianensis (the generic type), Coniferiporia weirii and Coniferiporia sulphurascens, were proposed. Phellinidium cryptocystidiatum was treated as a synonym of C. sulphurascens. The circumscription of Phellinidium was delimited to accommodate Phellinidium asiaticum, Phellinidium ferrugineofuscum (the generic type), Phellinidium fragrans and Phellinidium pouzarii. Accordingly, the concept of Phellinidium was emended to accommodate resupinate species bearing cylindrical to oblong-ellipsoid or allantoid basidiospores. No species of Phellinidium under the new circumscription has been reported to be a forest pathogen. Phellinidium noxium and Phellinidium rufitinctum were excluded from Phellinidium, while the taxonomical positions of Phellinidium aciferum, Phellinidium lamaënse, and Phellinidium orientale are still uncertain.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota klasifikace cytologie genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- DNA fungální chemie genetika MeSH
- fungální RNA genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- geny rRNA MeSH
- hyfy cytologie MeSH
- lesy MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- nemoci rostlin mikrobiologie MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- spory hub cytologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Amerika MeSH
- Asie MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
The Phellinus igniarius complex corresponds to Phellinus s.s., a well supported clade in the polyphyletic Phellinus s.l. studied worldwide. Recently a molecular phylogeny of this complex was performed for the European and North American species. In this study we expand the taxon samplings of the P. igniarius complex to include 59, seven and 12 additional collections originating from China, Czech Republic and USA, respectively. We generated 78 nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and 42 translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef1α) sequences. Based on the morphological and phylogenetic (combined ITS and tef1α dataset) analyses, Phellinus monticola, P. orientoasiaticus, P. padicola, P. parmastoi and P. pomaceoides are newly described and illustrated from China and USA. Phellinus pseudoigniarius is treated as a later synonym of P. igniarius, whereas Phellinus betulinus subsp. betulinus is accepted as P. betulinus. A total of 15 species are accepted in the P. igniarius complex worldwide. Of them, 10 species are distributed in eastern Asia, eight in Europe and six in North America. The taxonomy, phylogeny, host associations and geographic distributions of these 15 species are briefly discussed.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota klasifikace cytologie genetika MeSH
- DNA fungální chemie genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- plodnice hub MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- spory hub MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Dálný východ MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- Severní Amerika MeSH
Species of the Ganoderma lucidum complex are used in many types of health products. However, the taxonomy of this complex has long been chaotic, thus limiting its uses. In the present study, 32 collections of the complex from Asia, Europe and North America were analyzed from both morphological and molecular phylogenetic perspectives. The combined dataset, including an outgroup, comprised 33 ITS, 24 tef1α, 24 rpb1 and 21 rpb2 sequences, of which 19 ITS, 20 tef1α, 20 rpb1 and 17 rpb2 sequences were newly generated. A total of 13 species of the complex were recovered in the multilocus phylogeny. These 13 species were not strongly supported as a single monophyletic lineage, and were further grouped into three lineages that cannot be defined by their geographic distributions. Clade A comprised Ganoderma curtisii, Ganoderma flexipes, Ganoderma lingzhi, Ganoderma multipileum, Ganoderma resinaceum, Ganoderma sessile, Ganoderma sichuanense and Ganoderma tropicum, Clade B comprised G. lucidum, Ganoderma oregonense and Ganoderma tsugae, and Clade C comprised Ganoderma boninense and Ganoderma zonatum. A dichotomous key to the 13 species is provided, and their key morphological characters from context, pores, cuticle cells and basidiospores are presented in a table. The taxonomic positions of these species are briefly discussed. Noteworthy, the epitypification of G. sichuanense is rejected.
- MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- Ganoderma chemie genetika MeSH
- léčivé rostliny chemie genetika MeSH
- Polyporales chemie genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Severní Amerika MeSH
