The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal supplementation in chicken diets on the chemical composition and sensory quality of meat. The experiment was conducted on 120 Ross 308 male broilers from day 12 to day 38 of their age. Broilers were divided into three equal groups with 5 replicates per treatment. The two experimental groups received feed mixtures containing 2% (TM2; n = 40) and 5% (TM5; n = 40), respectively of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.) meal. The third group (TM0; n = 40) was control, receiving 0% of mealworms in diet. The addition of mealworm meal to diets in this trial do not worsen the chemical composition or sensory characteristics of the thigh meat of broilers. The control chickens had a higher live weight (P < 0.05) compared to the experimental groups at the end of the trial. The lowest live weight and feed intake was determined in group TM2 (P < 0.05). The highest feed intake (P < 0.05) was found in the control group. The breast meat from the control group was rated better (P < 0.05) in flavour compared to the groups receiving 2% and 5% of yellow mealworms. The primary requirement for the use of any ingredient in feed is that it does not adversely affect food safety and quality. In our study, the inclusion of 2% and 5% mealworm meal in the broiler’s diet had no influence on meat quality.
In the production of fermented feed, each crop can be contaminated with a variety of microorganisms that may produce natural pollutants. Biogenic amines, mycotoxins, and undesirable organic acids can decrease health feed safety. The aim of this study was to compare the counts of microorganisms, levels of biogenic amines, and the mycotoxins in forage legumes, and also to compare the occurrence of microorganisms and levels of mycotoxins in green fodder and subsequently produced silage and the influence of additives on the content of natural harmful substances in silage. The experimental plot was located in Troubsko and Vatín, in the Czech Republic. Two varieties of Medicago sativa and one variety of Trifolium pratense were compared. Green fodder and subsequently produced silage reaching up to 23% of dry matter were evaluated and prepared using a bio-enzymatic additive and a chemical additive. Green fodder of Medicago sativa was more contaminated by Enterococci than Trifolium pratense fodder. The obvious difference was determined by the quality of silage leachate. The silage prepared from Medicago sativa fodder was more contaminated with butyric acid. Fungi were present in higher counts in the anaerobic environment of green fodder and contaminated it with zearalenone and deoxynivalenol. Lower counts of fungi were found in silage, although the zearalenone content did not change. Lower content of deoxynivalenol was detected in silage, compared with green fodder. Silages treated with a chemical additive were found not to contain butyric acid. Lower ethanol content was determined, and the tendency to reduce the risk of biogenic amines occurrence was evident. The additives proved to have no influence on the content of mycotoxins.
- MeSH
- biogenní aminy chemie MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- kontaminace potravin prevence a kontrola MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata mikrobiologie MeSH
- Medicago sativa chemie mikrobiologie MeSH
- mykotoxiny chemie MeSH
- potravinářské přísady farmakologie MeSH
- siláž analýza mikrobiologie MeSH
- Trifolium chemie mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie MeSH
- Candida tropicalis účinky léků MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti metody MeSH
- Penicillium chrysogenum účinky léků MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty * MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- těkavé organické sloučeniny * farmakologie MeSH
- Thymus (rostlina) chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of a novel electrospun polyurethane nanofibre material for water-treatment purposes. Bacterial removal efficiency was tested in the laboratory by filtering artificial water spiked with Escherichia coli through a 0.25 µm nanofibre membrane. The results were compared with those obtained using a commercial microfiltration material (MV020T) with a similar pore size (0.20 µm). Alongside the laboratory experiments, we also determined filtration efficiency with semi-pilot scale experiments using actual wastewater from the secondary sedimentation tank of a wastewater treatment plant. The laboratory experiments indicated very high log10 removal efficiency, ranging from 5.8 to 6.8 CFU (colony-forming units)/ml. These results were better than those of the commercial membrane (3.8-4.6 CFU/ml). The semi-pilot scale experiment confirmed the membrane's suitability for microbial filtration, with both E. coli and total culturable microorganisms (cultured at both 22 and 36 °C) showing a significant decline compared to the non-filtered control (wastewater from the secondary outlet).
- MeSH
- čištění vody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Escherichia coli MeSH
- filtrace přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- membrány umělé * MeSH
- nanovlákna * MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- polyurethany chemická syntéza MeSH
- povidon MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We analyzed antibacterial effects of several novel phthalocyanines against Escherichia coli and evaluated the suitability of flow cytometry for the detection of antibacterial effects of phthalocyanines in comparison with routinely used cultivation. After 3h of exposure under cool white light eight cationic phthalocyanines showed very high antibacterial activity in the concentration of 2.00 mg L(-1) and four of them were even efficient in the concentration of 0.20 mg L(-1). Antibacterial activity of neutral and anionic compounds was considerably lower or even negligible. No antibacterial effect was detected when bacteria were exposed without illumination. Binding affinity to bacterial cells was found to represent an important parameter influencing phthalocyanine antibacterial activity that can be modified by total charge of peripheral substituents and by the presence of suitable functional groups inside them. Agglomeration of cells observed in suspensions treated with a higher concentration of certain cationic phthalocyanines (the strongest binders to bacterial membrane) affected cytometric measurements of total cell counts, thus without appropriate pretreatment of the sample before analysis this parameter seems not to be fully valid in the evaluation of phthalocyanine antibacterial activity. Cytometric measurement of cell membrane integrity appears to be a suitable and even more sensitive parameter than cultivation.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- fotosenzibilizující látky chemie farmakologie MeSH
- indoly chemie farmakologie MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie MeSH
- singletový kyslík metabolismus MeSH
- světlo MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- mléčné výrobky dějiny MeSH
- sýr MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
