The effect of feeding caffeine on the behaviour and neural proteome of Galleria mellonella larvae was assessed. Caffeine was administered to larvae by force feeding and the metabolites theobromine and theophylline were subsequently detected by RP-HPLC analysis. Administration of caffeine to larvae resulted in reduced movement and a reduction in the formation of pupae. The production of the muscle relaxant theophylline may contribute to the reduction in larval movement. Analysis of the changes in proteome of the brain and surrounding tissues of caffeine fed larvae revealed an increase in the abundance of immune related proteins such as immune-related Hdd1 (6.28 fold increase) and hemolin (1.68 fold increase), ATPase associated proteins such as H+ transporting ATP synthase O subunit isoform 1 (1.87 fold increase) and H+ transporting ATP synthase delta subunit (1.53 fold increase) and proteins indicative of brain trauma such as troponin T transcript variant B, partial (1.55 fold increase). Proteins involved in development and protein degradation such as SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (3.08 fold decrease) and chitin deacetylase, partial (3.67 fold decrease) were decreased in abundance. The results presented here indicate that caffeine is metabolised in a similar way in G. mellonella larvae to that in mammals and results in a variety of behavioural and developmental alterations. Utilisation of insects for studying the effects of caffeine and other neuroactive compounds may offer new insights into their mode of action and reduce the need to use mammals for this type of analysis.
- MeSH
- chování zvířat účinky léků MeSH
- hmyzí proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- kofein aplikace a dávkování metabolismus MeSH
- larva účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- mozek účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- můry účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- pohyb účinky léků MeSH
- proteom metabolismus MeSH
- stimulanty centrálního nervového systému aplikace a dávkování metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Potassium nitrate (E252) is widely used as a food preservative and has applications in the treatment of high blood pressure however high doses are carcinogenic. Larvae of Galleria mellonella were administered potassium nitrate to establish whether the acute effects in larvae correlated with those evident in mammals. Intra-haemocoel injection of potassium nitrate resulted in a significant increase in the density of circulating haemocytes and a small change in the relative proportions of haemocytes but haemocytes showed a reduced fungicidal ability. Potassium nitrate administration resulted in increased superoxide dismutase activity and in the abundance of a range of proteins associated with mitochondrial function (e.g. mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, putative mitochondrial Mn superoxide dismutase), metabolism (e.g. triosephosphate isomerase, glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase) and nitrate metabolism (e.g. aliphatic nitrilase, glutathione S-transferase). A strong correlation exists between the toxicity of a range of food preservatives when tested in G. mellonella larvae and rats. In this work a correlation between the effect of potassium nitrate in larvae and mammals is shown and opens the way to the utilization of insects for studying the in vivo acute and chronic toxicity of xenobiotics.
- MeSH
- aldehyddehydrogenasa metabolismus MeSH
- aminohydrolasy metabolismus MeSH
- dusičnany metabolismus farmakologie toxicita MeSH
- glutathiontransferasa metabolismus MeSH
- glyceraldehyd-3-fosfátdehydrogenasa (NADP+) metabolismus MeSH
- hemocyty účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- hmyzí proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- katalasa metabolismus MeSH
- larva účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- mitochondriální proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- můry metabolismus MeSH
- oxidace-redukce účinky léků MeSH
- proteom metabolismus MeSH
- proteomika MeSH
- sloučeniny draslíku farmakologie toxicita MeSH
- superoxiddismutasa metabolismus MeSH
- testy akutní toxicity metody MeSH
- triózafosfátizomeráza metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
