Four new Tapinomorphus species are described and illustrated: Tapinomorphus angolanus sp. nov. from Angola, T. kudrnai sp. nov. from Zambia, T. latipennis sp. nov. and T. verunkae sp. nov. from Zimbabwe. This brings the total number of species in the genus to 20. Habitus images and illustrations of important characters are provided.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: This study is one of the first post-civil war efforts to document traditional botanical knowledge in Bié province, central Angola, in a first step to bring more studies on the use of medicinal plant resources in this area so as to bring new insights into Angolan bio-cultural diversity. AIM OF THE STUDY: Examine the variety of plant species used for medical purposes, as well as characterize their social and cultural values. Also, it is aimed to compare their uses in the studied region with those in Sub-Saharan Africa and report new ethnomedicinal uses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We documented traditional medicinal plant knowledge among professional herbalists in two areas in Bié province through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews and transect walks. Ethnobotanical information was quantified based on Use Reports to (1) rate traditional knowledge; and (2) determine most useful taxa. RESULTS: In total, 10 traditional healers shared information on their knowledge. A total of 87 plant species distributed among 57 genera and 36 botanical families were documented with Fabaceae being the best-represented family with 18 species, followed by Phyllanthaceae (6), Apocynaceae (5), Asteraceae (5), Rubiaceae (5), Lamiaceae (4), and Ochnaceae (3). Most medicinal plants are usually gathered at a distance from human settlements because of the belief in the higher efficacy of 'wild' plants shared by all herbalists. Roots are the most common plant part used (79%), explaining why the consulted herbalists call themselves 'root doctors'. CONCLUSIONS: The culturally most important medicinal species identified in this study, i.e. Securidaca longepedunculata, Garcinia huillensis, Annona stenophylla, Afzelia quanzensis and Strychnos cocculoides, were previously reported for the same use in neighbouring countries and elsewhere in Africa. Our study also indicates that there are several locally valuable species that have not yet been studied for their medical potential, to name a few: Alvesia rosmarinifolia, Diplorhynchus condylocarpon, Eriosema affine, Paropsia brazzaeana, Rhus squalida, Sclerocroton cornutus or Xylopia tomentosa. Moreover, the ethnomedicinal use of 26 species was reported for the first time to sub-Saharan Africa. CLASSIFICATION: Ethnopharmacological field studies.
- MeSH
- etnobotanika MeSH
- fytoterapie * MeSH
- kořeny rostlin * chemie klasifikace MeSH
- kulturní charakteristiky MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * chemie klasifikace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty škodlivé účinky izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tradiční africká medicína * MeSH
- zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * etnologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
Afrotropical species of the Craspedophorus leprieuri and Craspedophorus regalis groups are revised. C. clasispilus (Alluaud, 1915) and C. guineensis Basilewsky, 1987 are considered as subspecies of C. leprieuri (Laporte de Castelnau, 1835); the synonymized C. peringueyi Csiki, 1929 (=laticollis Péringuey, 1904) is restated as subspecies of C. leprieuri, and it is described C. leprieuri zambianus (DR Congo: Katanga Province; Zambia); C. pseudofestivus Burgeon, 1930 is considered subspecies of C. merus Péringuey, 1904, and it is described C. merus lundanus (Angola, DR Congo: Kasai-Oriental and Katanga Provinces); C. bouvieri imperialis Burgeon, 1930 is considered to be a separate species of C. bouvieri (Rousseau, 1905), and C. bouvieri dux Basilewsky, 1951 is transferred to C. imperialis. The synonymized C. sayersii (Hope, 1842) is considered to be a good subspecies of C. regalis. C. bouvieri crampeli (Alluaud, 1915) is removed from C. bouvieri, and transferred to C. reflexus (Fabricius, 1781) in the C. reflexus species group (Häckel 2016). In this group C. uelensis Burgeon, 1930 is considered to be a subspecies of C. reflexus; and C. bozasi Alluaud, 1930 is synonymized with C. reflexus uelensis Burgeon, 1930. C. arnosti Häckel 2016 is synonymized with C. reflexus crampeli (Alluaud, 1915), C. ethmoides Alluaud, 1930 is synonymized with C. impictus (Boheman, 1848), and C. lebaudyi Alluaud, 1932 is synonymized with C. stanleyi Alluaud, 1930.
Being an obligate parasite, juvenile common cuckoos Cuculus canorus are thought to reach their African wintering grounds from Palearctic breeding grounds without guidance from experienced conspecifics but this has not been documented. We used satellite tracking to study naïve migrating common cuckoos. Juvenile cuckoos left breeding sites in Finland moving slowly and less consistently directed than adult cuckoos. Migration of the juveniles (N = 5) was initiated later than adults (N = 20), was directed toward the southwest-significantly different from the initial southeast direction of adults-and included strikingly long Baltic Sea crossings (N = 3). After initial migration of juvenile cuckoos toward Poland, the migration direction changed and proceeded due south, directly toward the winter grounds, as revealed by a single tag transmitting until arrival in Northwest Angola where northern adult cuckoos regularly winter. Compared to adults, the juvenile travelled straighter and faster, potentially correcting for wind drift along the route. That both migration route and timing differed from adults indicates that juvenile cuckoos are able to reach proper wintering grounds independently, guided only by their innate migration programme.
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- migrace zvířat * MeSH
- pohlavní dospělost MeSH
- ptáci růst a vývoj fyziologie MeSH
- satelitní přenosy * MeSH
- vítr MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
- Finsko MeSH
The type specimens of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 described from Angola by A. Théry (1947) were studied, critically evaluated and some of them synonymised: Anthaxia (Cratomerus) reticollis Quedenfeldt, 1886 = A. (C.) coelestis Théry, 1947, syn. nov., A. (Haplanthaxia) egena Kerremans, 1913 = A. (H.) decimata Théry, 1947, syn. nov., A. (H.) duvivieri Kerremans, 1898 = A. (H.) eumede Théry, 1947, syn. nov., A. (H.) mashuna Obenberger, 1931 = A. (H.) morula Théry, 1947, syn. nov. and A. (H.) sjoestedti Kerremans, 1908 = A. (H.) recisa Théry, 1947, syn. nov. The male of A. (H.) monardi Théry, 1947 is briefly described and A. (H.) puchneri Bílý, 2014 is shortly discussed. All mentioned species and the relevant types of the newly synonymised species are illustrated.
- MeSH
- anatomické struktury zvířat anatomie a histologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- brouci anatomie a histologie klasifikace růst a vývoj MeSH
- rozšíření zvířat MeSH
- velikost orgánu MeSH
- velikost těla MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a serious problem globally, but it is especially pronounced in the tropics, where pressure of infectious diseases is high. We examined resistance in Escherichia coli colonizing gastrointestinal tracts of 17 dogs which have never received antimicrobial treatment, living in central rural Angola. Emphasis was placed on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). Resistance-carrying plasmids were characterized in size, group of incompatibility and ability to conjugate. Isolates were compared by their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles. Detailed description of 19 E. coli isolates with either ESBL or PMQR genes carried on multiresistant plasmids of different groups of incompatibility indicates that dogs, despite never being treated by antibiotics, are important reservoirs and transmitters of AMR in the study area.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Escherichia coli klasifikace účinky léků enzymologie genetika MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- gastrointestinální trakt mikrobiologie MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli farmakoterapie epidemiologie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- konjugace genetická MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
- nemoci psů farmakoterapie epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- plazmidy MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- psi MeSH
- pulzní gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- zdroje nemoci MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
The headwaters of five large African river basins flow through the Bié Plateau in Angola and still remain faunistically largely unexplored. We investigated fish fauna from the Cuanza and Okavango-Zambezi river systems from central Angola. We reconstructed molecular phylogenies of the most common cichlid species from the region, Tilapia sparrmanii and Serranochromis macrocephalus, using both mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We found evidence for ichthyofaunal contact and gene flow between the Cuanza and Okavango-Zambezi watersheds in the Bié Plateau in central Angola. Waterfalls and rapids also appeared to restrict genetic exchange among populations within the Cuanza basin. Further, we found that the Angolan Serranochromis cichlid fishes represent a monophyletic lineage with respect to other haplochromines, including the serranochromines from the Congo and Zambezi rivers. This study represents an important initial step in a biodiversity survey of this extremely poorly explored region, as well as giving further understanding to species distributions and gene flow both between and within river basins.
- MeSH
- cichlidy klasifikace genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- fylogeografie MeSH
- mitochondriální DNA MeSH
- molekulární evoluce MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- řeky * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- prevence, léčba, komplikace,
- MeSH
- environmentální zdraví MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malárie prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- nemocnice pracovní síly zásobování a distribuce MeSH
- operace kýly MeSH
- pitná voda MeSH
- podvýživa terapie MeSH
- poskytování zdravotní péče metody MeSH
- praktičtí lékaři MeSH
- rozvojové země MeSH
- tropické lékařství metody organizace a řízení MeSH
- úrazy a nehody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- autobiografie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
- O autorovi
- Ochmann, Jiří, Autorita
Distribution of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Ehrlichia ruminantium, was for the first time studied in Bié Province, central Angola. We examined 76 blood samples of cattle originated from seven farms, and 13 blood samples of goats from two farms employing molecular genetic tools (PCR). Most prevalent was A. ovis-infection in goats (100%) and A. marginale-infection in cattle (38% of examined animals, and six out of seven farms). B. bigemina-infection was detected in only one specimen at Andulo, whereas B. bovis was not detected in Bié. We did not detected T. parva, the causative agent of serious diseases in cattle; nevertheless, infection by T. velifera was quite frequent (14% of examined animals, and five out of seven farms). Causative agent of heartwater disease - E. ruminantium, was not detected. Taking into account short-term perspective of PCR methods in monitoring of epidemiological status in herds, the number of infected animals and distribution of detected pathogens should not be ignored.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- anaplasmóza epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Babesia genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- babezióza epidemiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- DNA bakterií krev chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- kozy MeSH
- nemoci koz epidemiologie mikrobiologie parazitologie MeSH
- nemoci přenášené klíšťaty epidemiologie mikrobiologie parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci skotu epidemiologie mikrobiologie parazitologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce veterinární MeSH
- protozoální DNA krev chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- skot MeSH
- Theileria genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- theilerióza epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- skot MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Angola MeSH
