Potravinová alergie je definována jako nežádoucí reakce daná specifickou imunologickou odpovědí po expozici konkrétní potravinou. V současné době trpí potravinovou alergií v Evropě podle různých autorů asi 6–8 % dětí a 3–6 % dospělých. Nejčastějšími potravinovými alergeny jsou kravské mléko, slepičí vejce, pšeničná mouka, sója, arašídy, stromové ořechy, semena, ryby a mořské plody. Se zaváděním nových potravin stoupá také riziko případných alergických reakcí na tyto potraviny. V Evropě a Severní Americe začíná nabývat na významu mimo jiné i jedlý hmyz. Kromě primární senzibilizace může být pro pacienta riziková, tzv. zkřížená reaktivita, daná panalergeny tropomyosinem a arginin kinázou. Představujeme kazuistiku muže s prokázanou alergií na roztoče a krevety, který později reagoval i na konzumaci moučných červů

A food allergy is defined as an adverse reaction caused by a specific immunological response after exposure to a specific food. According to various authors, about 6–8% of children and 3–6% of adults currently suffer from food allergy in Europe. The most common food allergens are cow’s milk, chicken eggs, wheat flour, soy, peanuts, tree nuts, seeds, fish, and seafood. With the introduction of new foods, the risk of possible allergic reactions to these foods also increases. Edible insects, among other things, are starting to gain importance in Europe and North America. In addition to primary sensitization, so-called cross-reactivity caused by the panallergens tropomyosin and arginine kinase can be risky for the patient. We present a case study of a man with a proven allergy to dust mites and shrimp, who later reacted to the consumption of mealworms.

• Klíčová slova
• moučný červ, pohotovostní balíček,
• MeSH
• alergie na roztoče MeSH
• argininkinasa analýza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• jedlý hmyz * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Palaemonidae MeSH
• potravinová alergie * diagnóza   dietoterapie   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• tropomyosin analýza   MeSH
• zkřížené reakce MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

A second species of the recently established genus Madangella Frolová Ďuriš is described from New Caledonia. Although the single available specimen lacks both second pereiopods, the new species distinctly differs from the only other representative of the genus, M. altirostris Frolová Ďuriš, 2018 from Papua New Guinea, and can be easily distinguished from the latter by the more elongate and distally tapering rostrum, two subterminal ventral rostral teeth, the carpus of the first pereiopod being subequal to the merus length, and the sixth pleomere being short and stout, distinctly less than 2 times longer than deep. The examined specimen was confirmed as representative of a species separate from M. altirostris also by molecular comparisons of the 16S rRNA and COI mtDNA gene markers. The genus Madangella thus currently consists of two southwestern Pacific species.

• MeSH
• mitochondriální DNA MeSH
• Palaemonidae * MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Nová Kaledonie MeSH

A single ovigerous female specimen of marine shrimp of the family Palaemonidae collected from Madang Province, N.E. Papua New Guinea, was recognized as a representative of a new genus and species. Due to the presence of a sternal thoracic process, 3 pairs of posterior telson cuspidate setae, and the simple ambulatory dactyli, as well as the lack of branchiae on the two posterior maxillipeds, the new species clearly belongs to the assemblage of primarily free-living palaemonid taxa surrounding the speciose genera Cuapetes and Palaemonella. As the specimen possesses a short leaf-like rostrum, slender second pereiopods with small chelae similar to and not noticeably longer than the first pereiopods and very slender simple ambulatory dactyli, the specimen is without parallel within this assemblage and clearly represents a new genus. Its position within the Cuapetes/Palaemonella lineage of genera is also confirmed by a molecular comparison. The specimen is described and illustrated as a new genus and species.

• MeSH
• Palaemonidae * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Papua Nová Guinea MeSH

A very small adult specimen of symbiotic palaemonid shrimp collected from Kavieng Lagoon, N.W. New Ireland Island, Papua New Guinea, is described as a new genus and species. Due to the slender subcylindrical body, reduced rostrum, elongated eyes and distolaterally produced uropodal exopods, the new species is somewhat similar to shrimps of the endosymbiotic sponge genus Nippontonia. Both second pereiopods are lost, but the specimen is unique by its bidentate scaphocerites, an apical corona of spiniform teeth on the mandibular molar process, five posterior telson cuspidate setae from which the median and intermediate ones are long, hooked, and the broadly spoon-like dactyli of the first pereiopods chelae with marginal pectination. Based on those characters, the new genus is without parallel among all symbiotic palaemonid shrimps. Its close phylogenetic relationship to the spongobiotic genera Nippontonia, Onycocaridella, and Thaumastocaris, is also confirmed by molecular comparison.

• MeSH
• anatomické struktury zvířat MeSH
• Decapoda (Crustacea) MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• ostrovy MeSH
• Palaemonidae * MeSH
• rozšíření zvířat MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• ostrovy MeSH
• Papua Nová Guinea MeSH

Several species of palaemonid shrimps are known to act as fish-cleaning symbionts, with cleaning interactions ranging from dedicated (obligate) to facultative. We confirmed five evolutionarily independent origins of fish cleaning symbioses within the family Palaemonidae based on a phylogenetic analysis and the ancestral state reconstruction of 68 species, including 13 fish-cleaners from the genera Ancylomenes, Brachycarpus, Palaemon, Periclimenes, and Urocaridella. We focus in particular on two distantly related lineages of fish cleaning shrimps with allopatric distributions, the Indo-West Pacific Ancylomenes and the western Atlantic monophyletic Ancylomenes/Periclimenes group, which exhibit striking similarities in morphology, colouration and complex behaviour. Specifically, representatives of both lineages are similar in: (1) the general body shape and colour pattern; (2) the utilization of sea anemones as conspicuous cleaning stations; and (3) the use of sideways body swaying to visually promote their bright colour spots in order to attract fish clients. Such morphological, ecological and ethological convergences are apparently due to adaptations to fish cleaning linked to the establishment of similar modes of communication with fish clients in these species.

• MeSH
• aklimatizace MeSH
• Bayesova věta MeSH
• chování zvířat MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• fylogeneze * MeSH
• Palaemonidae fyziologie   MeSH
• Perciformes fyziologie   MeSH
• pigmentace MeSH
• pravděpodobnostní funkce MeSH
• symbióza * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

A new species of sponge-endosymbiotic shrimps, Periclimenoides tyrannodentatus, is described and illustrated. The species is remarkable for its stout subspatulate first pereiopods chelae with lateral fan-shaped pectination on their dactyli. Due to this character and simple ambulatory dactyli, the new species is similar to the type species of the genus, P. odontodactylus. Another remarkable character is in the unique shape of the minor chela of the second pereiopods; the distal cutting edges of its compressed fingers are distinctly expanded and armed with quite impressive dentitions. An identification key to the three currently recognised species of the genus Periclimenoides is provided. The new species represents the first record of the genus Periclimenoides from Taiwan.

• MeSH
• anatomické struktury zvířat MeSH
• Decapoda (Crustacea) MeSH
• Palaemonidae * MeSH
• rozšíření zvířat MeSH
• symbióza MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Taiwan MeSH

Pantanal is a biome characterized by an extraordinary diversity and abundance of wildlife and houses several endemic species such as the freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium pantanalense. However, the increase in agriculture and husbandry activities in the region has contributed with residues of pesticides reaching aquatic systems. The main objective of this study is to assess the sensitivity of the endemic shrimp M. pantanalense compared with other freshwater species: the shrimp M. amazonicum, the crustacean Daphnia similis and the fish Danio rerio. The sensitivity of these organisms was assessed through acute exposure to copper and cypermethrin (through the formulation Barrage(®), widely used in Pantanal). For copper the species sensitivity decreased in the following order: D. similis (48 h-EC50 0.051 mg/L) > M. pantanalense > D. rerio > M. amazonicum (48 h-LC50 26.34 mg/L). Copper caused reduced length of shrimps and zebrafish and reduced heartbeat of zebrafish embryos. For cypermethrin the species sensitivity decreased in the following order: M. pantanalense (96 h-LC50 0.05 μg/L) > M. amazonicum > D. similis > D. rerio (144 h-LC50 1680 μg/L). Major effects of cypermethrin included reduced length of shrimps and zebrafish, as well as early hatching and increased incidence of developmental deformities in zebrafish embryos. This study highlights the importance of using endemic species for risk evaluations in sensitive biomes such as Pantanal. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of testing pesticides toxicity as commercial formulations. Furthermore, we suggest that the endemic shrimp species M. pantanalense can be successfully used as a test species in ecotoxicology.

• MeSH
• dánio pruhované embryologie   MeSH
• Daphnia účinky léků   MeSH
• ekotoxikologie MeSH
• embryo nesavčí účinky léků   MeSH
• měď toxicita   MeSH
• Palaemonidae účinky léků   MeSH
• pesticidy toxicita   MeSH
• pyrethriny toxicita   MeSH
• sladká voda MeSH
• testy toxicity MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Brazílie MeSH

A new species of shrimp Metapontonia scorpio symbiotic with scleractinian coral Diploastrea heliopora is described from Taiwan. The species belongs to the smallest symbiotic shrimps of the family Palaemonidae. It is remarkable by a unique ability to turn its last two pleonites with tail fan dorsally over the 4^th and preceding pleonal segments, thus resembling scorpions. For such movement, the respective opposing dorsal margins of the 4^th-6^th segments are deeply concave. The new species is characterized by a short dorsally directed rostrum, incomplete orbit, semicircular scaphocerite, and medially concave basal antennular segment. The only species of the genus, M. fungiacola, is compared with the new species based on morphology and DNA. Metapontonia fungiacola is for the first time reported from Taiwan and Papua New Guinea. The morphological and colour variability of the species is discussed. The scleractinian corals Platygyra lamellina (Merulinidae), Lobophyllia hemprichii, cf. Micromusa sp., Symphyllia cf. radians (Lobophylliidae), and Galaxea sp. (Oculinidae), are new host records for the species.

• MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• korálnatci MeSH
• Palaemonidae anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• symbióza MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Papua Nová Guinea MeSH
• Taiwan MeSH

The majority of the almost 1,000 species of Palaemonidae, the most speciose family of caridean shrimp, largely live in symbioses with marine invertebrates of different phyla. These associations range from weak epibiosis to obligatory endosymbiosis and from restricted commensalism to semi-parasitism, with the specialisation to particular hosts likely playing a role in the diversification of this shrimp group. Our study elucidates the evolutionary history of symbiotic palaemonids based on a phylogenetic analysis of 87 species belonging to 43 genera from the Indo-West Pacific and the Atlantic using two nuclear and two mitochondrial markers. A complementary three-marker analysis including taxa from GenBank raises this number to 107 species from 48 genera. Seven larger clades were recovered in the molecular phylogeny; the basal-most one includes mostly free-living shrimp, albeit with a few symbiotic species. Ancestral state reconstruction revealed that free-living forms likely colonised cnidarian hosts initially, and switching between different host phyla occurred multiple times in palaemonid evolutionary history. In some cases this was likely facilitated by the availability of analogous microhabitats in unrelated but morphologically similar host groups. Host switching and adaptations to newly colonised host groups must have played an important role in the evolution of this diverse shrimp group.

• MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• genetické markery MeSH
• hostitelská specificita MeSH
• mitochondriální DNA genetika   MeSH
• molekulární evoluce MeSH
• Palaemonidae fyziologie   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• symbióza MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Aphanomyces astaci, the causal agent of the crayfish plague, has recently been confirmed to infect also freshwater-inhabiting crabs. We experimentally tested the resistance of freshwater shrimps, another important decapod group inhabiting freshwaters, to this pathogen. We exposed individuals of two Asian shrimp species, Macrobrachium dayanum and Neocaridina davidi, to zoospores of the pathogen strain isolated from Procambarus clarkii, a known A. astaci carrier likely to get into contact with shrimps. The shrimps were kept in separate vessels up to seven weeks; exuviae and randomly chosen individuals were sampled throughout the experiment. Shrimp bodies and exuviae were tested for A. astaci presence by a species-specific quantitative PCR. The results were compared with amounts of A. astaci DNA in an inert substrate to distinguish potential pathogen growth in live specimens from persisting spores or environmental DNA attached to their surface. In contrast to susceptible crayfish Astacus astacus, we did not observe mortality of shrimps. The amount of detected pathogen DNA was decreasing steadily in the inert substrate, but it was still detectable several weeks after zoospore addition, which should be considered in studies relying on molecular detection of A. astaci. Probably due to moulting, the amount of A. astaci DNA was decreasing in N. davidi even faster than in the inert substrate. In contrast, high pathogen DNA levels were detected in some non-moulting individuals of M. dayanum, suggesting that A. astaci growth may be possible in tissues of this species. Further experiments are needed to test for the potential of long-term A. astaci persistence in freshwater shrimp populations.

• MeSH
• Aphanomyces genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• Decapoda (Crustacea) genetika   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• interakce hostitele a patogenu * MeSH
• odolnost vůči nemocem genetika   MeSH
• Palaemonidae genetika   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH