DNA methylation, i.e., addition of methyl group to 5'-carbon of cytosine residues in CpG dinucleotides, is an important epigenetic modification regulating gene expression, and thus implied in many cellular processes. Deregulation of DNA methylation is strongly associated with onset of various diseases, including cancer. Here, we review how DNA methylation affects carcinogenesis process and give examples of solid tumors where aberrant DNA methylation is often present. We explain principles of methods developed for DNA methylation analysis at both single gene and whole genome level, based on (i) sodium bisulfite conversion, (ii) methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes, and (iii) interactions of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) with methyl-binding proteins or antibodies against 5mC. In addition to standard methods, we describe recent advances in next generation sequencing technologies applied to DNA methylation analysis, as well as in development of biosensors that represent their cheaper and faster alternatives. Most importantly, we highlight not only advantages, but also disadvantages and challenges of each method.
- MeSH
- 5-Methylcytosine metabolism MeSH
- Biosensing Techniques methods MeSH
- Epigenesis, Genetic genetics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- DNA Methylation genetics physiology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
... of DNA Provides an Explanation for 67 Heredity -- Errors in DNA Replication Cause Mutations 69 -- The ... ... The Stability of Genes Is Due to DNA Repair The Structure and Chemistry of the DNA Double 217 -- The ... ... Decoding of DNA into Protein 199 Helix Make It Easy to Repair 220 -- RNA Polymerase Copies DNA into RNA ... ... Replication as well as DNA Repair 221 -- Amino Acids Are Added to the Carboxyl-Terminal End The DNA ... ... Methylation Help to Control Some Mammalian Genes 460 -- In Special Cases, Local DNA Sequences Are Reversibly ...
xxxix, 1146 s. : il., tab. ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- Cell Biology MeSH
- Molecular Biology MeSH
- Publication type
- Monograph MeSH
- Conspectus
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NML Fields
- biologie
- cytologie, klinická cytologie
... DNA Probes and Genes Can Be Synthesized by -- Automated Solid - Phase Methods 148 -- 6.1.5 Selected ... ... of -- Genomic DNA 155 -- 6.2.4 Long Stretches of DNA Can Be Efficiently -- Analyzed by Chromosome Walking ... ... Can Be Created -- Through Directed Changes in DNA 164 -- 6.4.2 Recombinant DNA Technology Has Opened ... ... -- 27.1.1 A-DNA Is a Double Helix with Different Characteristics from Those of the More Common -- B-DNA ... ... Synthesized in Fragments 761 -- 27.4.3 DNA Ligase Joins Ends of DNA in Duplex -- Regions 761 -- 27.4.4 ...
5th ed. xvii, 974 s. : il., tab., grafy ; 32 cm
... | Protein Function 78 -- Specific Binding of Ligands Underlies the -- Functions of Most Proteins 78 - ... ... of Functional mRNA 120 -- A Template DNA Strand Is Transcribed into a Complementary RNA Chain by RNA ... ... 184 -- Cloned DNA Molecules Are Sequenced Rapidly by the Dideoxy Chain-Termination Method 187 -- The ... ... Cloned DNA Fragments to Study Gene Expression 191 -- Hybridization Techniques Permit Detection of Specific ... ... Protein-DNA Interactions 286 -- Activators Are Modular Proteins Composed of Distinct Functional Domains ...
6th ed. xxxvii, 1150 s. : il., tab. ; 29 cm
- MeSH
- Cell Biology MeSH
- Molecular Biology MeSH
- Publication type
- Monograph MeSH
- Conspectus
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NML Fields
- biologie
- cytologie, klinická cytologie
