During pregnancy, two fetomaternal interfaces, the placenta-decidua basalis and the fetal membrane-decidua parietals, allow for fetal growth and maturation and fetal-maternal crosstalk, and protect the fetus from infectious and inflammatory signaling that could lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. While the placenta has been studied extensively, the fetal membranes have been understudied, even though they play critical roles in pregnancy maintenance and the initiation of term or preterm parturition. Fetal membrane dysfunction has been associated with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB, < 37 weeks gestation) and preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (PPROM), which is a disease of the fetal membranes. However, it is unknown how the individual layers of the fetal membrane decidual interface (the amnion epithelium [AEC], the amnion mesenchyme [AMC], the chorion [CTC], and the decidua [DEC]) contribute to these pregnancy outcomes. In this study, we used a single-cell transcriptomics approach to unravel the transcriptomics network at spatial levels to discern the contributions of each layer of the fetal membranes and the adjoining maternal decidua during the following conditions: scheduled caesarian section (term not in labor [TNIL]; n = 4), vaginal term in labor (TIL; n = 3), preterm labor with and without rupture of membranes (PPROM; n = 3; and PTB; n = 3). The data included 18,815 genes from 13 patients (including TIL, PTB, PPROM, and TNIL) expressed across the four layers. After quality control, there were 11,921 genes and 44 samples. The data were processed by two pipelines: one by hierarchical clustering the combined cases and the other to evaluate heterogeneity within the cases. Our visual analytical approach revealed spatially recognized differentially expressed genes that aligned with four gene clusters. Cluster 1 genes were present predominantly in DECs and Cluster 3 centered around CTC genes in all labor phenotypes. Cluster 2 genes were predominantly found in AECs in PPROM and PTB, while Cluster 4 contained AMC and CTC genes identified in term labor cases. We identified the top 10 differentially expressed genes and their connected pathways (kinase activation, NF-κB, inflammation, cytoskeletal remodeling, and hormone regulation) per cluster in each tissue layer. An in-depth understanding of the involvement of each system and cell layer may help provide targeted and tailored interventions to reduce the risk of PTB.
- MeSH
- Amnion metabolism cytology MeSH
- Chorion metabolism MeSH
- Decidua * metabolism MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Extraembryonic Membranes * metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Term Birth genetics MeSH
- Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture genetics metabolism MeSH
- Premature Birth * genetics MeSH
- Gene Expression Profiling MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Transcriptome * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Kromě všeobecně známé a dobře definované skupiny zánětů infekčního původu se v placentě setkáváme se záněty neinfekční etiologie, vznikajícími na imunopatologickém podkladě. Jedná se o záněty chronické, které svojí incidencí zdaleka předčí skupinu chronických infekčních zánětů vyvolaných především mikroorganismy ze skupiny TORCH. Vzhledem k současným znalostem možných komplikací těchto zánětů nabývá jejich precizní diagnostika na významu, a to nejen z hlediska klinicko-patologického, ale potenciálně i z hlediska forenzního. Cílem tohoto článku je poskytnout čtenářům základní přehled o morfologii, klasifikaci, předpokládané patogenezi a klinických aspektech těchto jednotek.
In addition to the well-known group of inflammations of infectious etiology, placental inflammations arising on immunological basis are also encountered. The incidence of the latter far exceeds the group of infectious lesions of the placenta caused mainly by microorganisms of the TORCH group. Given the current knowledge of the possible complications of these inflammations, their precise diagnosis becomes more important not only from the clinicopathological point of view, but also because of potential forensic consequences. The aim of this article is to provide readers with a basic overview of the morphology, classification, presumed pathogenesis and clinical aspects of these entities.
- Keywords
- vilitida neznámé etiologie, chronická deciduitida, chronická histiocytární intervilositida,
- MeSH
- Chorioamnionitis diagnosis pathology MeSH
- Chorionic Villi pathology virology MeSH
- Chronic Disease * MeSH
- Decidua pathology MeSH
- Pregnancy Complications MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Placenta Diseases * diagnosis pathology virology MeSH
- Placenta pathology virology MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Inflammation pathology virology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Ciel' ghansových bunkách, v jadrách endotelu fetálnych kapilár a v cytoplazme Hofbauerových buniek v obidvoch súboroch. Expresia v myofibroblastoch choriónovej strómy bola silnejšia v prípadoch preeklampsie. Expresia superoxiddismutázy dosahovala v materiáloch z preeklampsie slabšiu úroveň v syncýciu, Langhansových bunkách ako aj v bunkách deciduy. Kalretinín nevykázal expresiu v žiadnej štruktúre placenty. V bazálnej decidue z prípadov preeklampsie bol ojedinele prítomný v bunkách intersticiálneho extravilózneho trofoblastu, v deciduálnych bunkách a v špirálovitých artériách. Záver: Naše pozorovania sú morfologickým príspevkom do objasňovania molekulového pozadia etiopatogenézy preeklampsie a podporujú jej niektoré klinicko-biochemické rysy.
Objective: To determine new data related to the expression of caspase 1, superoxiddismutase and calretinin in the placenta and basal decidua in preeclampsia. Material and methods: Placental and basal decidua samples from 9 preeclamptic and 9 normotensive controls were analyzed using expressions of caspase 1, superoxiddismutase and calretinin assesed by immunohistochemistry. Results: Caspase 1 was expressed in placental syncythium in preeclampsia constantly, while in the control group the expression was weak or absent. In Langhans cells, in fetal sinusoidal capillary endothelia and in Hofbauer cells the expression was equal in both groups. Stronger expression was observed in stromal myofibroblasts in preeclampsia. In preeclampsia, expression of superoxiddismutase in syncythium, in Langhans cells and in decidual cells was weaker. Calretinin was not found in any placental structure. Sporadically, calretinin was expressed in the interstitial extravillous trophoblast cells, in decidual cells and in spiral arterioles in preeclampsia. Conclusion: The obtained morphological data correlating with some clinical and biochemical features contribute to understanding of the molecular background of preeclampsia etiopathogenesis.
- MeSH
- Decidua MeSH
- Financing, Organized MeSH
- Immunohistochemistry methods utilization MeSH
- Caspase 1 isolation & purification MeSH
- Clinical Laboratory Techniques utilization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Eye Proteins isolation & purification MeSH
- Placenta MeSH
- Pre-Eclampsia diagnosis MeSH
- Nerve Tissue Proteins isolation & purification MeSH
- S100 Calcium Binding Protein G isolation & purification MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Superoxide Dismutase isolation & purification MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- MeSH
- Ascaris lumbricoides anatomy & histology growth & development MeSH
- Ascariasis diagnosis complications MeSH
- Decidua parasitology pathology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Endometritis etiology parasitology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Abortion, Spontaneous etiology parasitology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- MeSH
- Decidua physiology chemistry MeSH
- Extraembryonic Membranes physiology chemistry MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange physiology immunology MeSH
- Labor Onset physiology MeSH
- Oxytocin pharmacology metabolism MeSH
- Amniotic Fluid physiology chemistry MeSH
- Progesterone pharmacology metabolism MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
