- MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron fyziologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pregnenolon fyziologie nedostatek MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Dyspareunie je definována jako bolestivý sexuální styk. Může mít značný vliv na partnerské vztahy a celkovou kvalitu života postižených žen. Tento článek se zaměřuje na přehled aktuálních poznatků týkajících se definice, prevalence, diagnostiky a léčby dyspareunie. Shrnuje klíčové informace o současných poznatcích o dyspareunii a poskytuje nezbytný základ pro klinickou praxi v oblasti sexuálního zdraví.
Dyspareunia is defined as painful sexual intercourse. It can have a significant impact on partner relationships and the overall quality of life of affected women. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding the definition, prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of dyspareunia. It summarizes key information on current knowledge about dyspareunia and provides an essential foundation for clinical practice in sexual health.
- MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron farmakologie klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- dyspareunie * diagnóza etiologie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- estrogeny farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- gynekologická onemocnění diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- sexuálně přenosné nemoci klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- sexuální zdraví MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Pulmonary hypertension is a group of disorders characterized by elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance. To test our hypothesis that combining two drugs useful in experimental pulmonary hypertension, statins and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA S), is more effective than either agent alone, we induced pulmonary hypertension in adult male rats by exposing them to hypoxia (10%O2) for 3 weeks. We treated them with simvastatin (60 mg/l) and DHEA S (100 mg/l) in drinking water, either alone or in combination. Both simvastatin and DHEA S reduced mPAP (froma mean±s.d. of 34.4±4.4 to 27.6±5.9 and 26.7±4.8 mmHg, respectively), yet their combination was not more effective (26.7±7.9 mmHg). Differences in the degree of oxidative stress (indicated by malondialdehydeplasma concentration),the rate of superoxide production (electron paramagnetic resonance), or blood nitric oxide levels (chemiluminescence) did not explain the lack of additivity of the effect of DHEA S and simvastatin on pulmonary hypertension. We propose that the main mechanism of both drugs on pulmonary hypertension could be their inhibitory effect on 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, which could explain their lack of additivity.
- MeSH
- arteria pulmonalis MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteronsulfát MeSH
- hypoxie komplikace farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- plicní hypertenze * farmakoterapie MeSH
- simvastatin farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The fast-track process to approve vaccines against COVID-19 has raised questions about their safety, especially in relation to fertility. Over the last 2 years, studies have appeared monitoring female fertility, especially from assisted reproduction centers or in animal experiments. However, studies monitoring healthy populations are still limited. The aim of our study was to monitor the relevant parameters of female fertility (sex and other steroids, LH, FSH, SHBG, Antimüllerian hormone and antral follicle count) before and then 2-4 months after the third dose of vaccination against COVID-19 in a group of 25 healthy fertile woman. In addition, anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-SARS-CoV-2S antibodies were determined. We did not observe significant changes in the measured parameters before and after the third dose of vaccination. By comparing levels of the analytes with antibodies indicating a prior COVID-19 infection, we found that women who had experienced the disease had statistically lower levels of estrone, estradiol, SHBG and 5α-dihydroprogesterone, and conversely, higher levels of androgen active dehydroepiandrosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Our results confirm that vaccination does not affect female fertility, and that what fertile women should be worried about is not vaccination, but rather COVID-19 infection itself.
- MeSH
- 20-alfa-dihydroprogesteron MeSH
- androgeny MeSH
- antimülleriánský hormon * MeSH
- COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron MeSH
- dihydrotestosteron MeSH
- estradiol MeSH
- estron MeSH
- fertilita MeSH
- folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- vakcíny proti COVID-19 MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) on the male endocrine system of Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats. Sexually mature ZDF rats were divided to a lean (control) and obese group, and had diabetes confirmed by blood tests. For the in vivo experiment, fasting blood was collected to obtain blood plasma. In case of the in vitro experiments, testicular fragments were cultured for 24 h, and the culture medium was collected. The concentrations of testosterone (T), androstenedione (A4), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA-S), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were quantified in the blood plasma and the medium by the ELISA method, while cholesterol (CHOL) was assessed spectrophotometrically. A significant decline of T (36.31 %), A4 (25.11 %) and FSH (26.99 %) as well as a significant increase of CHOL and E2 (36.17 %) was observed in the blood plasma of obese ZDF rats in comparison to the control. Under in vitro conditions, a significant decrease of FSH (23.35 %) accompanied by an increase of E2 was observed in the obese group compared to the control. In the case of CHOL, LH, T, DHEA and A4 no significant differences were observed. Our results suggest that except for FSH and E2 all steroid biomolecules were synthetized normally by the testicular tissue, however a dramatic endocrine disturbance was observed at the system level. We may conclude that DM2 has negative effects on systemic hormone secretion and these alterations are more pronounced in combination with obesity.
- MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
- estradiol MeSH
- folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- luteinizační hormon * MeSH
- obezita MeSH
- potkani Zucker MeSH
- testosteron MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
DHEA, prasterone, (3β)-3-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one, is a natural secondary metabolite that is, mainly in its sulphated form, present in young humans. After the age of 30 its concentration gradually lowers. When it is supplemented to the elderly people, their well-being and sexual functions grow up together with mental capacity. Alternatively, it may help to cure number of diseases. However, as it is considered to be anabolic androgen, i.e., doping, its use is in the Czech Republic limited on the medical prescription only.
The majority of incidentally discovered adrenal tumors are later characterized as non-producing adrenocortical adenomas (NPA). We asked whether laboratory abnormalities in parameters that reflect glucocorticoid action can be found in patients with NPA despite their nature of being clinically unapparent. Since glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressants we studied blood counts and differential blood counts along with corticotropin and dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEAS) blood concentrations, as well as cortisol values before and after an overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test. We compared the results of normal individuals, of patients with adrenal adenomas and normal hormone profiles and with subclinical autonomous glucocorticoid hypersecretion, as well as overt cortisol excess. We found that almost all indices of the blood counts were significantly different between the patients groups. In particular, patients with adrenal non-producing adenomas already showed signs of glucocorticoid excess, including relative lymphocytopenia, lowered DHEAS, and ACTH concentrations than control individuals. We also found that the extent of lymphocytopenia correlated with the concentrations of DHEAS and ACTH, and DHEAS correlated well with ACTH. We conclude that the basal ACTH and DHEAS values along with the differential blood counts give good information on the extent of glucocorticoid excess and that silent adrenal adenomas seem to oversecrete glucocorticoids at concentrations that already alter these parameters.
- MeSH
- adenom krev metabolismus MeSH
- adrenokortikotropní hormon krev MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteronsulfát krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- glukokortikoidy metabolismus MeSH
- krevní obraz MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory nadledvin krev metabolismus MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Sexual activity and/or reproduction are associated with a doubling of life expectancy in the long-lived rodent genus Fukomys. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we analyzed 636 RNA-seq samples across 15 tissues. This analysis suggests that changes in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis play a key role regarding the extended life expectancy of reproductive vs. non-reproductive mole-rats. This is substantiated by a corpus of independent evidence. In accordance with previous studies, the up-regulation of the proteasome and so-called 'anti-aging molecules', for example, dehydroepiandrosterone, is linked with enhanced lifespan. On the other hand, several of our results are not consistent with knowledge about aging of short-lived model organisms. For example, we found the up-regulation of the insulin-like growth factor 1/growth hormone axis and several other anabolic processes to be compatible with a considerable lifespan prolongation. These contradictions question the extent to which findings from short-lived species can be transferred to longer-lived ones.
- MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron farmakologie MeSH
- dlouhověkost genetika MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- insulinu podobný růstový faktor I metabolismus MeSH
- mikroftalmičtí podzemní hlodavci genetika metabolismus MeSH
- psychický stres metabolismus MeSH
- rozmnožování * MeSH
- sexuální chování zvířat MeSH
- systém hypofýza - nadledviny metabolismus MeSH
- systém hypotalamus-hypofýza metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Vulvovaginální atrofie trápí zhruba 40 % žen po menopauze. Na její projevy je vhodné se cíleně ptát. Pro ženy je snazší na takovou otázku odpovědět než o problému začít hovořit spontánně, což dělá problém 70 % postižených. V léčbě a prevenci urogenitální atrofie je lékem volby vaginálně aplikovaný estriol nebo estradiol v nízkých dávkách, které jsou vysoce účinné a bezpečné.
About 40 % of woman suffer from vulvovaginal atrophy after menopausal transition. It is very important to put question on this problem, because about 70 % of them are not able to start discussion on it. Regarding treatment, vaginal low doses estriol and estradiol are drugs of first choice with high efficacy and safety.
- Klíčová slova
- ospemifen,
- MeSH
- antagonisté estrogenu MeSH
- aplikace intravaginální MeSH
- atrofická vaginitida * diagnóza epidemiologie farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- dehydroepiandrosteron aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- endometrium účinky léků MeSH
- estradiol aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- estrogeny MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- laserová terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- menopauza účinky léků MeSH
- tamoxifen analogy a deriváty terapeutické užití MeSH
- ženské urogenitální nemoci diagnóza epidemiologie farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
