Tento návrh jednoduché metody vizualizace daktyloskopických stop na základě elektrochemické depozice polyfenazinových barviv (polyneutrální červeně a polytoluidinové modři) z neutrálního prostředí, kdy je minimalizováno poškození genetické informace, by mohl usnadnit snímání otisků prstů z nábojnic ve forenzní praxi. Parametry elektrochemických metod cyklické voltametrie a chronoamperometrie (základní elektrolyt, aplikovaný potenciál, doba depozice nebo potenciálový rozsah a počet cyklů) byly postupně optimalizovány, dokud nebyl otisk dostatečně viditelný. Morfologie a struktura modifikovaných povrchů daktyloskopických stop a polyfenazinových filmů byly studovány pomocí skenovací elektronové mikroskopie. Je předpokládán další rozvoj metody a především aplikace metody na vystřelené nábojnice.
A simple fingerprint visualization method based on the electrochemical deposition of polytoluidine blue (PTB) and polyneutral red (PNR) from a neutral environment with the possibility of minimal damage to the genetic information could facilitate fingerprinting from cartridge cases in forensic practice. The parameters of both visualization methods (supporting electrolyte, applied potential, deposition time or potential range, and number of cycles) were optimized until the imprint was sufficiently visible. The morphology and structure of modified fingerprint surfaces and polyphenazine films were studied using scanning electron microscopy. It is assumed that the method will be applied in the future to fired cartridges, which are crucial in forensics.
While fingerprints are a highly used means of identification, not every fingerprint left behind on a potential crime scene can be used for identification purposes. In some cases, the fingerprint may be smudged, partially preserved or overlapping with other prints hence distorting the ridge pattern and may therefore be not appropriate for identification. Further, fingermark residue yields a very low abundance of genetic material for DNA analysis. In such cases, the fingermark may be used to retrieve basic donor information such as sex. The focus of this paper was to assess the possibility of differentiating between the sexes of the donor of latent fingermarks. Analytical method was GC-MS analysis of the chemical compounds of latent fingermarks using 22 male and 22 female donors. Results showed 44 identified compounds. Two alcohols, octadecanol C18 and eicosanol C20 , were found to show a difference that was statistically significant between male and female donors. There is also some evidence for the possibility of distinguishing sex of the fingermark donor based on the distribution of branched chain fatty acids, as free compounds or esterified in wax esters.
- MeSH
- dermatoglyfika * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The significant differences in the fingerprint pattern frequencies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and controls could be a possible way to identify patients with a risk of developing T2DM. The results could be used in the earlier diagnosis and treatment. The study was undertaken to find out the reliability of fingerprint patterns as a possible predictive tool for T2DM diagnosis. METHODS: A total of 1,260 fingerprints were acquired using the optical contact sensor DactyScan 26i. The results of the qualitative analysis of the fingerprint pattern frequencies have been compared between T2DM patients and controls and also between the fingers to each other. We have detected the frequency of patterns: plain arch (Ap) and tented arch (At), radial loop (Lr), ulnar loop (Lu), double loop (Ld), spiral whorl (W), and plain whorl (concentric) (Wp). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square by Statistica ver. 12. RESULTS: We found statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the frequency of individual dermatoglyphic patterns among patients with diabetes and healthy controls as follows: in the left thumb (L1) in a radial loop, double loop and spiral whorl pattern; in the left middle finger (L3) in a tented arch and radial loop; in the right ring finger (R4) in a tented arch, spiral and plain whorl; and in the right little finger (R5) in a tented arch and spiral whorl. CONCLUSION: Fingerprint pattern frequencies might be used as another screening tool and indicator in T2DM prevention. Qualitative analysis of fingerprint patterns could be useful regarding the additional prevention diagnostics of T2DM in the population.
- MeSH
- dermatoglyfika MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Using prenatally fixed dermatoglyphics features as markers of prenatal sex development is limited due to insufficient knowledge on their sex differences. This study aims to examine more thoroughly sex differences in radioulnar contrasts. METHODS: Fingerprints of 360 females and 331 males from four samples of different ethnic backgrounds (Czechs, Slovaks, Vietnamese and Lusatian Sorbs) were studied. On both hands, finger ridge counts were recorded, and all possible radioulnar contrasts were computed as a difference between ridge count at a radial position minus ridge count at a respective ulnar position on the hand. Radioulnar contrasts with population-congruent and numerically large dimorphism were selected and the dimorphism of the selected radioulnar contrasts was then tested using nonparametric analysis of variance. RESULTS: Greater dimorphism of radioulnar contrasts occurred on the right hand than on the left hand. Population congruent direction and relatively strong dimorphism (Cohen's d greater than 0.3) was found in six radioulnar contrasts on the right hand, all of which involved the radial ridge count of the 2nd finger. Of these, the highest average dimorphism was observed for the difference between the radial ridge count of the 2nd finger and the ulnar ridge count of the 4th finger (2r4u contrast), where the average effect size from all four population samples was comparable to a published average effect size of the 2D:4D finger length ratio. CONCLUSION: We propose that 2r4u contrast of ridge counts could serve as a marker of prenatal sexual development targeting a temporally narrow developmental window.
- MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- dermatoglyfika * MeSH
- etnicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus * MeSH
- prsty ruky anatomie a histologie MeSH
- sexuální vývoj MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- vitaminy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Background: The size of sex differences in dermatoglyphic features and their inter-population differences remains a subject of debate. Combining fingers in traditional dermatoglyphic methodology and omitting finger-specific variations might be a cause for uncertainty.Aim: To compare sex differences in whorl frequencies between fingers.Subjects and methods: Using meta-analytical methods, the authors studied sex differences in frequencies of whorls (log Odd Ratios) for each finger separately, including their heterogeneities (between-samples variance). The dataset of 204 population samples was extracted from published dermatoglyphic studies.Results: Aggregated effects of sex differences were significant in all fingers, except for the left 1st finger. Sex differences were higher in the right hand and increased from radial to ulnar fingers. Apart from the right 1st and 3rd fingers, heterogeneities were small and literally zero in the right 4th finger.Conclusion: Higher sex differences in ulnar fingers and the lack of interpopulation differences all over the world in the 4th finger might be caused by a stronger influence of genetic and/or hormonal factors on dermatoglyphic development of the ulnar side of the hand. It is suggested that future studies, when applying dermatoglyphic traits as markers of prenatal environment, use traits by individual fingers or their relationships within the hand.
- MeSH
- dermatoglyfika * MeSH
- fenotyp * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
- prsty ruky anatomie a histologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Tato studie se zabývá porovnáním metod získávání a vyhodnocování plantogramů. Primárním cílem bylo ověřit podobnost výsledků plantografických měření prováděných na dvou různých přístrojích – Emed a PodoCam. Sekundárním cílem této práce bylo vyhodnotit a porovnat získané plantogramy pomocí tří metod hodnocení plantogramů, konkrétně Chippaux-Šmiřák (zjednodušený), SztriterGodunov a Metoda segmentů. V případě porovnání obou plošin jsme pomocí Wilcoxonova párového testu zjistili, že plantogramy získané na plošině Emed a PodoCam se významně liší. Emed generuje plantogramy vypovídající převážně o vysoké klenbě nohy, zatímco PodoCam vykazuje u týchž osob klenbu normální až mírně plochou. Pro porovnání tří vybraných metod vyhodnocení jsme použili Friedmanovu analýzu rozptylu (ANOVA). Na plošině PodoCam výsledek avizoval statisticky významný rozdíl u sledovaných veličin, což následný Wilcoxonův párový test potvrdil. U plantogramů získaných na plošině Emed se neprokázal statisticky významný rozdíl. Na základě výsledků doporučujeme použít PodoCam a z ověřovaných metod vyhodnocení doporučujeme metodu Sztriter-Godunov, pro vysoké nožní klenby Chippaux-Šmiřák.
This paper deals with comparing methods of gaining and evaluating plantograms. The primary goal was to verify similarity of results of plantographic measurements that were carried out on two different platforms – Emed and PodoCam. The second goal of this paper was to evaluate and compare gained plantograms using three methods of evaluating plantograms, specifically Chippaux-Šmiřák (simplified), Sztriter-Godunov and Segment Method. While comparing the platforms we found out, using the Wilcoxon pair test, that plantograms gained on Emed and PodoCam platforms differ significantly. Emed generates plantograms testifying mostly high foot arches, while PodoCam with the same people reports foot arch to be standard or even slightly flat. While comparing three chosen evaluating methods on individual platforms, we primarily used Friedman ANOVA test. We notified statistically significant difference for plantograms gained on the PodoCam platform which Wilcoxon pair test confirmed. For plantograms from the Emed platform Friedman ANOVA did not show any statistically significant difference. Based on the upper mentioned results we recomend to use PodoCam and within the verified evaluating methods we recomend Sztriter-Godunov method. For evaluating high foot arch it would be appropriate to use Chippaux-Šmiřák method.
- Klíčová slova
- tenzometrická plošina, podoskop,
- MeSH
- dermatoglyfika * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- korelace dat MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- noha (od hlezna dolů) MeSH
- podiatrie * metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Dactylography is considered as an unequivocal tool for identification and along with blood grouping and matching remains an essential part of crime investigations. The present research evaluates the dermatoglyphic features in different blood groups and to studies the relation between fingerprint patterns and blood groups. The study was conducted on 110 students of Indian origin. The participants were explained about the procedure and rolled fingerprints were taken for all the fingers using standard techniques. Thus, a total of 1,100 fingerprints were obtained. ABO and Rh blood groups were recorded from each participant. The details of fingerprint patterns observed for each digit were entered in a datasheet and analysed using SPSS version 16.0. Pattern Intensity Index was calculated for the quantitative analysis of the fingerprint patterns. Chi-square test, one way ANOVA and student’s t-test were performed to compare the variables included in the study. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Loops were the most frequently observed pattern in each of the four blood groups followed by whorls and arches. However, the relative/ proportionate distribution of fingerprint patterns varied for each blood group among males, females and total sample. The differences in the overall frequencies of fingerprint patterns in different blood groups were observed to be statistically significant among males (C2 = 19.42, P = 0.004), females (C2 = 20.63, P = 0.002), and the total sample (C2 = 17.75, P = 0.007). No statistically significant differences were observed for the Pattern Intensity Index among different blood groups in males, females and total sample. It is recommended that the association between blood groups and fingerprint patterns is studied on a larger sample, and in specific population groups. Apart from helping in forensic and crime scene investigations, association of fingerprint patterns and blood groups can be of interest to human biologists and physical anthropologists.
- MeSH
- antigeny krevních skupin * MeSH
- dermatoglyfika * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- studenti MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Indie MeSH
Východiska: Kapecitabin je perorální cytostatikum řezené mezi pyrimidinová analoga. Je široce používán u různých typů nádorů. Bohužel, není neškodný, mívá nepříznivé vedlejší účinky – nejčastěji průjem, ale také syndrom ruka‑noha, v extrémních případech se ztrátou otisků prstů. Případ: Popisujeme případ 47letého muže, u kterého byl diagnostikován metastazující karcinom rekta a dostal kapecitabin, po kterém se rozvinul těžký syndrom ruka‑noha, který vedl ke ztrátě otisků prstů navzdory úplnému ústupu syndromu po zastavení léčby. Závěr: Tento případ upozorňuje na vzácný problém, které sice není nemocí sám o sobě, ale snižuje kvalitu života pacienta a musí být ošetřujícím lékařem považován za vedlejší účinek léčby. Klíčová slova: kapecitabin – prsty – fluorouracil/vedlejší účinky – fluorouracil/analoga a derivativy – lidé – muž – kůže/účinky léků Autoři deklarují, že v souvislosti s předmětem studie nemají žádné komerční zájmy. Redakční rada potvrzuje, že rukopis práce splnil ICMJE kritéria pro publikace zasílané do biomedicínských časopisů. Obdrženo: 28. 6. 2015 Přijato: 27. 8. 2015
Background:Capecitabine is an oral antineoplastic agent classified as a pyrimidin analogue. It is widely used in different types of cancers. Unfortunately, it does not come without a cost, as the drug may have adverse effects – largely diarrhea, but also hand‑foot syndrome and loss of fingerprints in extreme cases. Case: We report a case of a 47-year-old male, which had been diagnosed with metastatic rectal cancer and received capecitabine, developing a severe hand foot syndrome which led him to lose his fingerprints in spite of complete resolution of the syndrome after stoppage of the drug. Conclusion: This case highlights a rare condition that, even though not precisely a disease per se, may hinder patient‘s quality of life and must be recognised by the treating physician as an treatment related side effect.
- Klíčová slova
- kapecitabin,
- MeSH
- cytostatické látky aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- deoxycytidin * analogy a deriváty škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dermatoglyfika * MeSH
- fluoruracil * analogy a deriváty škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kůže * účinky léků MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory rekta farmakoterapie MeSH
- prsty ruky MeSH
- řízení motorových vozidel MeSH
- syndrom ruka-noha MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
This paper is devoted to new optical methods, which are supposed to be used for liveness detection on fingers. First we describe the basics about fake finger use in fingerprint recognition process and the possibilities of liveness detection. Then we continue with introducing three new liveness detection methods, which we developed and tested in the scope of our research activities--the first one is based on measurement of the pulse, the second one on variations of optical characteristics caused by pressure change, and the last one is based on reaction of skin to illumination with different wavelengths. The last part deals with the influence of skin diseases on fingerprint recognition, especially on liveness detection.
- MeSH
- dermatoglyfika * MeSH
- fyziologie kůže * MeSH
- kožní nemoci patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prsty ruky MeSH
- smrt MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
