- MeSH
- Escherichia coli drug effects MeSH
- Urinary Tract Infections * etiology drug therapy microbiology prevention & control MeSH
- Escherichia coli Infections drug therapy prevention & control MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mannose * administration & dosage pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- MeSH
- Urinary Tract Infections * etiology drug therapy classification prevention & control MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mannose * pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Nitrofurantoin pharmacology classification therapeutic use MeSH
- Carbohydrates pharmacology classification therapeutic use MeSH
- Practice Guidelines as Topic MeSH
- Uropathogenic Escherichia coli metabolism pathogenicity MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
The adherence of bladder uroepithelial cells, subsequent expression, and regulation of type 1 fimbrial genes (key mediator of attachment) in clinical multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli (MDR-UPECs) isolated from individuals with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) remain unexplored till date. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the adherence of clinical MDR-ABU-UPECs to human a uroepithelial cell line (HTB-4), both in the absence and presence of D-Mannose. These investigations focused on phase variation, expression, and regulation of type 1 fimbriae and were compared to a prototype ABU-strain (E. coli 83972) and symptomatic MDR-UPECs. Discordant to the ABU prototype strain, MDR-ABU-UPECs exhibited remarkable adhesive capacity that was significantly reduced after D-mannose exposure, fairly like the MDR symptomatic UPECs. The type 1 fimbrial phase variation, determined by the fim switch analysis, asserted the statistically significant incidence of "both OFF and ON" orientation among the adherent MDR-ABU-UPECs with a significant reduction in phase-ON colonies post-D-mannose exposure, akin to the symptomatic ones. This was indicative of an operative and alternating type 1 fimbrial phase switch. The q-PCR assay revealed a coordinated action of the regulatory factors; H-NS, IHF, and Lrp on the expression of FimB and FimE recombinases, which further controlled the function of fimH and fimA genes in ABU-UPECs, similar to symptomatic strains. Therefore, this study is the first of its kind to provide an insight into the regulatory crosstalk of different cellular factors guiding the adhesion of ABU-UPECs to the host. Additionally, it also advocated for the need to accurately characterize ABU-UPECs.
- MeSH
- Adhesins, Escherichia coli genetics metabolism MeSH
- Bacterial Adhesion * MeSH
- Fimbriae, Bacterial * genetics metabolism MeSH
- Bacteriuria microbiology MeSH
- Cell Line MeSH
- Epithelial Cells * microbiology MeSH
- Escherichia coli Infections * microbiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mannose metabolism pharmacology MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial * genetics MeSH
- Fimbriae Proteins * genetics metabolism MeSH
- Escherichia coli Proteins genetics metabolism MeSH
- Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial MeSH
- Uropathogenic Escherichia coli * genetics drug effects isolation & purification MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Infekce močových cest (IMC) se řadí k častým onemocněním zejména u žen. Prostá akutní cystitida nepředstavuje závažný medicínský problém. Ale v případě recidivující IMC, která je definována jako výskyt 2 IMC za 6 měsíců, resp. 3 IMC za rok, zhoršuje pacientkám kvalitu života a vede k opakovanému užívání antibiotik. Jako prevence recidivujících IMC jsou doporučována režimová opatření a dlouhodobá profylaxe pomocí nízkých dávek antibiotik nebo jejich cílené užívání v rizikových situacích, např. před pohlavním stykem nebo při hormonálních změnách. Při dlouhodobém užívání antibiotik mohou pacientky obtěžovat vedlejší nežádoucí účinky této léčby a navíc se zvyšuje riziko nárůstu bakteriální rezistence. I proto je v současnosti doporučováno užívání non-antimikrobiálních látek. Mezi tyto metody prevence recidivujících IMC se řadí i používání D-manózy.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequent diseases, particularly in women. Acute simple cystitis poses no serious medical problem. However, a recurrent UTI, defined as the occurrence of two UTIs in six months, or three UTIs per year, decreases the quality of life of patients and leads to repeated antibiotic use. Daily routine measures and long-term prophylaxis with low-dose antibiotics or their targeted use in at-risk situations, e. g., prior to sexual intercourse or during hormonal changes, are recommended as methods of preventing recurrent UTIs. With long-term antibiotic use, patients may experience unpleasant adverse effects of this treatment and, what is more, the risk of growing bacterial resistance is increased. For this reason, the use of non-antimicrobial drugs is currently recommended. These methods of preventing recurrent UTIs also include the use of D-mannose.
Infekce močových cest (IMC) se řadí k častým onemocněním zejména u žen. Prostá akutní cystitida nepředstavuje závažný medicínský problém. Ale v případě recidivující IMC, která je definována jako výskyt 2 IMC za 6 měsíců, resp. 3 IMC za rok, zhoršuje pacientkám kvalitu života a vede k opakovanému užívání antibiotik. Jako prevence recidivujících IMC jsou doporučována režimová opatření a dlouhodobá profylaxe pomocí nízkých dávek antibiotik nebo jejich cílené užívání v rizikových situacích, např. před stykem nebo při hormonálních změnách. Při dlouhodobém užívání antibiotik mohou pacientky obtěžovat vedlejší nežádoucí účinky této léčby a navíc se zvyšuje riziko nárůstu bakteriální rezistence. I proto je v současnosti doporučováno užívání non-antimikrobiálních látek. Mezi tyto metody prevence recidivujících IMC se řadí i používání D-manózy.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequent diseases, particularly in women. Acute simple cystitis poses no serious medical problem. However, a recurrent UTI, defined as the occurrence of two UTIs in six months, or three UTIs per year, decreases the quality of life of patients and leads to repeated antibiotic use. Daily routine measures and long-term prophylaxis with low-dose antibiotics or their targeted use in at-risk situations, e. g., prior to sexual intercourse or during hormonal changes, are recommended as methods of preventing recurrent UTIs. With long-term antibiotic use, patients may experience unpleasant adverse effects of this treatment and, what is more, the risk of growing bacterial resistance is increased. For this reason, the use of non-antimicrobial drugs is currently recommended. These methods of preventing recurrent UTIs also include the use of D-mannose.
Saccharides form one of the major constituents of biological macromolecules in living organisms. Many biological processes including protein folding, stability, immune response and receptor activation are regulated by glycosylation. In this work, we optimized a capillary electrophoresis method with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection for the separation of eight monosaccharides commonly found in glycoproteins, namely D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D-fucose, N-acetylneuraminic acid, and D-xylose. A highly alkaline solution of 50 mM sodium hydroxide, 22.5 mM disodium phosphate, and 0.2 mM CTAB (pH 12.4) was used as a background electrolyte in a 10 μm id capillary. To achieve baseline separation of all analytes, a counter-directional pressure of -270 kPa was applied during the separation. The limits of detection of our method were below 7 μg/ml (i.e., 1.5 pg or 1 mg/g protein) and the limits of quantification were below 22 μg/ml (i.e., 5 pg or 3 mg/g protein). As a proof of concept of our methodology, we performed an analysis of monosaccharides released from fetuin glycoprotein by acid hydrolysis. The results show that, when combined with an appropriate pre-concentration technique, the developed method can be used as a monosaccharide profiling tool in glycoproteomics and complement the routinely used LC-MS/MS analysis.
- MeSH
- Acetylgalactosamine MeSH
- Acetylglucosamine MeSH
- Cetrimonium MeSH
- Chromatography, Liquid MeSH
- Electrophoresis, Capillary methods MeSH
- Electrolytes chemistry MeSH
- Fetuins MeSH
- Phosphates MeSH
- Fucose MeSH
- Galactose MeSH
- Glucose MeSH
- Glycoproteins chemistry MeSH
- Sodium Hydroxide MeSH
- N-Acetylneuraminic Acid * MeSH
- Mannose MeSH
- Monosaccharides * analysis MeSH
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry MeSH
- Xylose MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- MeSH
- Chronic Disease ethnology drug therapy MeSH
- Urinary Tract Infections * etiology drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Escherichia coli Infections etiology drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Cystitis, Interstitial * etiology pathology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mannose therapeutic use MeSH
- Recurrence MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Congress MeSH
- News MeSH
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled cells can be used as a non-invasive technique to track stem cells after transplantation. The aim of this study was to (1) evaluate labeling efficiency of D-mannose-coated maghemite nanoparticles (D-mannose(γ-Fe2O3)) in neural stem cells (NSCs) in comparison to the uncoated nanoparticles, (2) assess nanoparticle utilization as MRI contrast agent to visualize NSCs transplanted into the mouse brain, and (3) test nanoparticle biocompatibility. D-mannose(γ-Fe2O3) labeled the NSCs better than the uncoated nanoparticles. The labeled cells were visualized by ex vivo MRI and their localization subsequently confirmed on histological sections. Although the progenitor properties and differentiation of the NSCs were not affected by labeling, subtle effects on stem cells could be detected depending on dose increase, including changes in cell proliferation, viability, and neurosphere diameter. D-mannose coating of maghemite nanoparticles improved NSC labeling and allowed for NSC tracking by ex vivo MRI in the mouse brain, but further analysis of the eventual side effects might be necessary before translation to the clinic.
- MeSH
- Cell Tracking methods MeSH
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods MeSH
- Magnetite Nanoparticles chemistry MeSH
- Mannose chemistry MeSH
- Brain cytology MeSH
- Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Neural Stem Cells cytology transplantation MeSH
- Ferric Compounds chemistry MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Mice MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
