PURPOSE: Clinical guidelines call for the inclusion of exercise interventions in every patient's dialysis session, but these recommendations are rarely adopted. Healthcare providers play a key role in this. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how healthcare providers perceive the benefits, risks and barriers of intradialytic exercise (IDE). METHODS: We conducted 21 individual, semi-structured interviews with 11 nurses, 5 nephrologists, 3 training assistants and 2 managers from two dialysis centres in Slovakia. Verbatim transcripts of digitally recorded interviews were thematically analysed using MAXQDA®. RESULTS: Participants reported the benefits of IDE as improvements in patients' physical and psychosocial functioning, independence and self-efficacy, clinical profile and quality of therapy. As risks of IDE, they most frequently reported exercise-related damage to vascular access, insufficient individualization of training and musculoskeletal injuries. The presence of psychological problems among patients was reported as a major barrier for initiating and maintaining patients' exercise. Other reported barriers included limitations in financial and personnel resources of haemodialysis care. CONCLUSIONS: Safe and sustainable implementation of IDE, which might improve a patient's well-being, need to be prescribed in alignment with the patient's clinical profile, be delivered individually according to the patient's characteristics and requires adjustments in the available resources.

• MeSH
• cvičení * psychologie   MeSH
• dialýza ledvin * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• postoj zdravotnického personálu MeSH
• sebeuplatnění MeSH
• zdravotnický personál MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Publikace se zaměřuje na transgender osoby, dívky a genderovou dysforii a na roli sociálního tlaku a kontaminace během tohoto procesu. Určeno široké veřejnosti.

• MeSH
• gender dysphoria MeSH
• genderová identita MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• rodina MeSH
• transgender osoby MeSH
• transsexualismus MeSH
• vliv vrstevnické skupiny MeSH
• Check Tag
• mladiství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH
• populární práce MeSH

• Konspekt
• Globální společnosti. Sociální struktura. Sociální skupiny
• NLK Obory
• sociologie
• psychologie, klinická psychologie

BACKGROUND: Due to the aging of the population, the promotion of healthy aging is an important part of public health. Healthy aging of the population can be influenced by the attitudes of the elderly themselves towards old age and aging. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to find out the attitudes of older people living in a community environment toward old age and the predictors that influence these attitudes. METHODS: The evaluation of attitudes towards old age using the WHO AAQ (Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire) questionnaire involved 1,174 elderly people living in the community. Age, sex, marital status, education, subjective health assessment, social support, depression (GDS-15), anxiety (GAI), sense of coherence (SOC-13) and self-esteem (RSES) were used to evaluate related factors. RESULTS: As part of the exploratory factor analysis, a three-factor model (Psychosocial Loss, Physical Change, and Psychological Growth) was confirmed. The Cronbach alpha was found to be acceptable (α = 0.835). The predictors of better AAQ in the Psychological Loss domain were: subjective health, age, quality of life, self-esteem, sense of coherence, life satisfaction, anxiety, and social support; in the Physical Change domain: subjective health, quality of life, self-esteem, life satisfaction, cohabitation, and depression; and in the Psychological Growth domain: age, self-esteem, sense of coherence, life satisfaction, and social support. CONCLUSION: Preventive and policy measures should aim to increase the satisfaction and self-assessment of the elderly, which can help them evaluate the period of old age more positively. It is also important to create a positive perspective of ageing and elderly in society.

• MeSH
• kvalita života * psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• postoj MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stárnutí * psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Introduction: Self-efficacy is considered one of the key components of breastfeeding success and thus is important to explore. However, this requires reliable measuring tools. Goal: The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the BSES-SF as a measure of confidence in breastfeeding among Slovak mothers, and to determine the self-efficacy of mothers in breastfeeding and its related factors. Methods: The research was designed as a quantitative cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 678 women who were on the 3rd-4th day after delivery. A Slovak version of the 14-item Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form (BSES-SF) was used to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy. Results: Cronbach's alpha of the Slovak version of the BSES-SF was 0.812. CFA has shown that the four-factor model of the BSES-SF offered the best fit for Slovak data. Education (p < 0.001), previous breastfeeding experience (p = 0.015), and skin-to-skin contact (p < 0.001) were shown to be statistically significant factors related to breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers. Conclusion: The Slovak version of the BSES-SF has shown good psychometric properties and it can be recommended to assess the breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers in Slovakia. The proven factors related to self-efficacy show the need for individual help, especially for women with higher education, women with a previous negative experience with breastfeeding, and the importance of skin-to-skin contact support.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• faktorová analýza statistická MeSH
• kojení psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• matky * psychologie   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychometrie metody   MeSH
• sebepojetí * MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

Publikace se zaměřuje na vztah fyziologie mozku a tvorby vědomí a sebevědomí. Určeno široké veřejnosti.

• MeSH
• mozek MeSH
• poruchy vědomí MeSH
• psychofyziologie MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• vědomí MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH
• populární práce MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie
• NLK Obory
• psychologie, klinická psychologie
• behaviorální vědy

Gender dysphoria (GD) is marked by an incongruence between a person's biological sex at birth, and their felt gender (or gender identity). There is continuing debate regarding the benefits and drawbacks of physiological treatment of GD in children, a pathway, beginning with endocrine treatment to suppress puberty. Currently, the main alternative to physiological treatment consists of the so-called "wait-and-see" approach, which often includes counseling or other psychotherapeutic treatment. In this paper, we argue in favor of a "third pathway" for the diagnosis and treatment of GD in youths. To make our case, we draw on a recent development in bioethics: the phenomenological approach. Scholars such as Slatman and Svenaeus have argued that the extent to which the body can (or should be) manipulated or reconstructed through medical intervention is not only determined by consideration of ethical frameworks and social and legal norms. Rather, we must also take account of patients' personal experience of their body, the personal and social values associated with it, and their understanding of its situation in their life: their narrative identities. We apply this phenomenological approach to medicine and nursing to the diagnosis and treatment of GD in youth. In particular, we discuss Zahavi and Martiny's conception of the phenomenological interview, in order to show that narrative techniques can assist in the process of gender identification and in the treatment of youth presenting with GD. We focus on two case studies that highlight the relevance of a narrative-based interview in relations between patients, HCPs, and family, to expose the influence of social ideologies on how young people presenting with GD experience their bodies and gender.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• fertilizace MeSH
• gender dysphoria * diagnóza   terapie   psychologie   MeSH
• genderová identita MeSH
• lékařství * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• puberta MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Physical appearance and, specifically, weight are common reasons for cyberhate attacks among adolescents. Using a between-subject experimental design, this study focuses on the bystanders of such attacks on Instagram. We investigate bystanders' assessments in the form of two moral disengagement (MD) mechanisms-victim blaming and minimizing consequences-and we compare the assessments of attacks that are diversified by the victim's weight (i.e., a victim who is plus-size and a victim who is thinner). We also examine the moderating roles of bystanders' prejudice against people who are plus-size in the form of the so-called anti-fat attitudes, their frequency of viewing body-positive online content, and gender. The study's data come from an online survey conducted in 2020 with a representative sample of 658 Czech adolescents, aged 13-18. We tested our hypotheses with structural equation modeling. The results show that the two MD mechanisms work differently. The victim's displayed weight affected the bystanders' tendency to victim blame: adolescents blamed the victim who is plus-size more than the victim who is thinner, but the victim's weight made no difference in minimizing the consequences of the incident. A moderating effect for anti-fat attitudes and gender was found for victim blaming. Bystanders with higher anti-fat attitudes and boys blamed the victim who is plus-size more than the victim who is thinner. On the other hand, there was no effect for the frequency of viewing body-positive online content for either of the MD mechanisms. The results are discussed with regard to the differences between the two mechanisms and the practical implications for educational and prevention programs for youth.

• MeSH
• genderová identita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mravy MeSH
• oběti zločinu * MeSH
• postoj MeSH
• předsudek MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Představa pohybu může být vhodný doplněk běžné fyzioterapie u pacientů po cévní mozkové příhodě (CMP), jelikož vede ke zlepšení vykonání pohybu skrz facilitaci motorického učení. Před implementací představy pohybu do terapie je nicméně žádoucí ozřejmit, zda daný pacient má kapacitu na tento typ tréninku. Schopnost představy pohybu je u pacientů po CMP testována mimo jiné prostřednictvím dotazníku Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised Second Version (MIQ-RS). Cílem předložené práce je vytvořit českou verzi dotazníku MIQ-RS pro pacienty po CMP a ověřit jeho reliabilitu a validitu. Spolehlivost MIQ-RS pro pacienty po CMP byla z hlediska vnitřní konzistence velmi dobrá (Cronbachovo alfa 0,91–0,94) a z hlediska test-retest opakovatelnosti akceptovatelná (vnitrotřídní koeficient korelace (ICC) 0,59–0,91). Dále byla potvrzena i dvoufaktorová struktura dotazníku obsahující vizuální a kinestetickou škálu. Česká verze dotazníku MIQ-RS je spolehlivým a platným indikátorem schopnosti představy pohybu u pacientů v subakutním stadiu po CMP, a proto je vhodná pro použití v klinické praxi.

Motor imagery may be a useful adjunct to conventional physiotherapy in stroke survivors as it leads to improved movement execution through facilitation of motor learning. However, before implementing motor imagery in therapy, it is desirable to clarify whether the patient has the capacity for this type of training. Motor imagery capacity in stroke survivors is tested, among others, by the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised Second Version (MIQ-RS). The aim of the present study is to develop the Czech MIQ-RS for stroke survivors and to verify its reliability and validity. The reliability of the MIQ-RS for stroke survivors was very good in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach‘s alpha 0.91–0.94) and acceptable in terms of test-retest repeatability (interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.59–0.91). Furthermore, the two-factor structure of the questionnaire containing visual and kinesthetic scales was confirmed. The Czech MIQ-RS is a reliable and valid indicator of the ability to imagine movement in subacute stroke survivors and is therefore suitable for use in clinical practice.

• Klíčová slova
• představa pohybu, validace,
• MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• představa o vlastním těle MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rehabilitace po cévní mozkové příhodě * metody   MeSH
• vnímání pohybu MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

BACKGROUND: Patient safety strategies highlight patients' own active involvement in ensuring medication safety. A prerequisite for involving patients in their medication therapy is having tools that can assist them in ensuring safe medicine use. Older home-dwelling adults with multiple medications are at high risk for medication-related problems, yet only a few age-specific patient self-administered medication risk screening tools exist. This study aimed to develop, validate, and assess the feasibility of a self-administered medication risk checklist for home-dwelling older adults ≥65 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The draft checklist was formed based on a validated practical nurse-administered Drug Related Problem Risk Assessment Tool supplemented with findings from two systematic literature reviews. The content validity of the draft checklist was determined by a three-round Delphi survey with a panel of 19 experts in geriatric care and pharmacotherapy. An agreement of ≥80% was required. A feasibility assessment (i.e. understandability of the items, fill-out time of the checklist) of the content-validated checklist was conducted among older adults ≥65 years (n = 87) visiting community pharmacies (n = 4). Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: The final validated and feasibility-tested Medication Risk Checklist (LOTTA) for home-dwelling older adults consists of eight items screening the highest priority systemic risks (three items), potentially drug-induced symptoms (one item), adherence, and self-management problems (four items). The checklist proved feasible for self-administration, the mean fill-out time being 6.1 min. CONCLUSIONS: A wide range of potential medication risks related to the medication use process can be identified by patient self-assessment. Screening tools such as LOTTA can enhance early detection of potential medication risks and risk communication between older adults and their healthcare providers. A wider and more integrated use of the checklist could be facilitated by making it electronically available as part of the patient information systems.

• MeSH
• bezpečnost pacientů MeSH
• kontrolní seznam * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sebezhodnocení (psychologie) * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zdravotnický personál MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Příručka, která se zaměřuje na psychoterapii traumat pomocí porozumění a sebepoznání. Určeno odborné i široké veřejnosti; psychoterapeutům i klientům.

• MeSH
• péče o sebe MeSH
• posttraumatický růst MeSH
• psychické trauma terapie   MeSH
• sebepojetí MeSH
• zdravotní výchova MeSH
• Publikační typ
• populární práce MeSH
• příručky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Fyzioterapie. Psychoterapie. Alternativní lékařství
• NLK Obory
• psychoterapie