OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the spectral power of the cortical bands in patients with first episode schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder at rest and during the performance of a mental arithmetic task. METHODS: We analyzed EEG spectral power (SP) in the resting state and subsequently while counting down from 200 in steps of 7, in 32 first episode schizophrenia patients (SZ), 32 patients with first episode schizoaffective disorder (SA) and healthy controls (HC, n=40). Behavioral parameters such as accuracy and counting speed were also evaluated. RESULTS: Both SZ and SA patients were slower in counting than HC, no difference was obtained in the accuracy and counting speed in the patient groups. In the resting state patients showed elevated midline theta power, off-midline anterior beta 2 power and decreased central/posterior alpha power. The SA group occupied an intermediate position between the schizophrenia patients and controls. In task performance patients lacked a typical increase of midline theta, left anterior beta 2, and anterior gamma power; however, schizoaffective patients demonstrated a growing trend of power in the gamma band in left anterior off-midline sites similar to HC. Moreover, alpha power was less inhibited in schizoaffective patients and more pronounced in schizophrenia patients indicating distinct inhibitory mechanisms in these psychotic disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with SA demonstrate less alteration in the spectral power of bands at rest than SZ, and present spectral power changes during cognitive task performance close to the controls. SIGNIFICANCE: Our study contributes to the present evidence on the neurophysiological distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
- MeSH
- alfa rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- beta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektroencefalografie * MeSH
- kognice fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mapování mozku MeSH
- matematika * MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- odpočinek fyziologie MeSH
- plnění a analýza úkolů * MeSH
- psychotické poruchy patofyziologie MeSH
- schizofrenie patofyziologie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- theta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Coherence changes can reflect the pathophysiological processes involved in human ageing. We conducted a retrospective population study that sought to analyze the age-related changes in EEG coherence in a group of 17,722 healthy professional drivers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The EEGs were obtained using a standard 10-20 electrode configuration on the scalp. The recordings from 19 scalp electrodes were taken while the participants' eyes were closed. The linear correlations between the age and coherence were estimated by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Our results showed a significant decrease in coherence with age in the theta and alpha bands, and there was an increasing coherence with the beta bands. The most prominent changes occurred in the alpha bands. The delta bands contained movement artefacts, which most likely do not change with age. CONCLUSIONS: The age-related EEG desynchrony can be partly explained by the age-related reduction of cortical connectivity. Higher frequencies of oscillations require less cortical area of high coherence. These findings explain why the lowest average coherence values were observed in the beta and sigma bands, as well as why the beta bands show borderline statistical significance and the sigma bands show non-significance. The age-dependent decrease in coherence may influence the estimation of age-related changes in EEG energy due to phase cancellation.
- MeSH
- alfa rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- beta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- delta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektroencefalografická fázová synchronizace fyziologie MeSH
- elektroencefalografie * MeSH
- interpretace statistických dat MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- theta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to study the oscillatory changes during target and distractor stimuli processing. We focused mainly on responses after distractor stimuli in the prefrontal cortex and their possible relation to our previous results from the basal ganglia. METHODS: Five epilepsy surgery candidates with implanted depth electrodes performed a three-stimulus paradigm. The frequent stimulus (70%; without required response) was a small blue circle, the target stimulus (15%; with motor response) was a larger blue circle, and the distractor stimulus (15%; without required response) was a checkerboard. The SEEG signals from 404 electrode contacts were analysed using event-related de/synchronization (ERD/S) methodology. RESULTS: The main response to the target stimuli was ERD in the alpha and low beta bands, predominantly in the motor control areas, parietal cortex and hippocampus. The distractor stimuli were generally accompanied by an early theta frequency band power increase most markedly in the prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Different ERD/S patterns underline attentional shifting to rare target ("go") and distractor ("no-go") stimuli. SIGNIFICANCE: As an increase in lower frequency band power is considered to be a correlate of active inhibition, the prefrontal structures seem to be essential for inhibition of non-required movements.
- MeSH
- alfa rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- beta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- biologické hodiny fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektroencefalografie * MeSH
- epilepsie patofyziologie MeSH
- evokované potenciály fyziologie MeSH
- kognice fyziologie MeSH
- korová synchronizace fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- modely neurologické * MeSH
- prefrontální mozková kůra fyziologie MeSH
- psychomotorický výkon fyziologie MeSH
- světelná stimulace metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Recent findings indicate that complex cognitive functions are organized at a global level in the brain and rely on large-scale information processing requiring functional integration of multiple disparate neural assemblies. The critical question of the integration of distributed brain activities is whether the essential integrative role can be attributed to a specific structure in the brain or whether this ability is inherent to the cognitive network as a whole. The results of the present study show that mean values of the running correlation function in frontal-temporal EEG pairs with one electrode in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are significantly higher than the same values in other frontal-temporal pairs. These findings indicate a particular role of the ACC in large-scale communication, which could reflect its unique integrative functions in cognitive processing.
- MeSH
- amygdala patofyziologie MeSH
- beta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- čelní lalok patofyziologie MeSH
- cingulární gyrus patofyziologie MeSH
- dominance mozková fyziologie MeSH
- elektroencefalografie MeSH
- epilepsie patofyziologie MeSH
- Fourierova analýza MeSH
- gyrus parahippocampalis patofyziologie MeSH
- hipokampus patofyziologie MeSH
- implantované elektrody MeSH
- korová synchronizace fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mapování mozku MeSH
- počítačové zpracování signálu MeSH
- spánkový lalok patofyziologie MeSH
- vědomí fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- EEG výzkum, podmíněné spoje, korové rytmy,
- MeSH
- alfa rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- beta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- elektroencefalografie * metody využití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozková kůra * anatomie a histologie fyziologie MeSH
- mozkové vlny fyziologie MeSH
- nervový přenos * fyziologie MeSH
- spánek fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- absces mozku diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- alfa rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- astrocytom diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- beta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- čelní lalok anatomie a histologie patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- cerebrovaskulární poruchy * diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- delta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- diagnostické techniky neurologické přístrojové vybavení trendy využití MeSH
- elektroencefalografie metody přístrojové vybavení využití MeSH
- glioblastom diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů diagnóza MeSH
- nádory hypofýzy diagnóza patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- nádory mozečku diagnóza MeSH
- nádory mozku * diagnóza MeSH
- spánkový lalok anatomie a histologie patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- temenní lalok anatomie a histologie patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- theta rytmus EEG fyziologie MeSH
- týlní lalok anatomie a histologie patofyziologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH