Vytrvalostní sportovní výkon je ovlivňován mnoha faktory. Jedním z nich je ekonomika pohybu. V na- šem výzkumu se věnujeme ekonomice běžecké a cyklistické. Účastníky výzkumu byli studenti prvního ročníku Fakulty sportovních studií Masarykovy univerzity. Výzkum dokončilo 28 testovaných osob (věk 20,29 ± 0,94 let, výška 182,32 ± 7,98 cm, hmotnost 76,98 ± 10,03 kg), které byly náhodně rozděleny do experimentální a kontrolní skupiny. Před tréninkovým programem i po něm probíhalo vstupní testování zaměřené na zjišťování RE (ekonomika běhu) a CE (cyklistická ekonomika). Intervenční tréninkový program plyometrického charakteru trval 8 týdnů, probandi trénovali 2× v týdnu (8 sérií po 10 opakováních cviku depth jump v každém tréninku). Výsledky ukázaly, že realizací krátkodobého plyometrického tréninku prostřednictvím cviku depth jump nedošlo k signifikantnímu zlepšení RE při běhu rychlostí 10 a 12 km.hod.–1 Stejně tak nedošlo k signifikantnímu zlepšení CE při zátěži 1,5 W.kg–1 a 2 W.kg–1. Z hlediska výstupů pro praxi nedoporučujeme při uvedených rychlostech a intenzitě šlapání aplikovat plyometrický trénink daného charakteru.
Endurance sport performance is influenced by many factors, such as motor economies. In this research we focused on running and cycling economies. Twenty-eight first year students of Faculty of Sport science of Masaryk University (age 20.29 ± 0.94 years, height 182.32 ± 7.98 cm, weight 76.98 ± 10.03 kg) were purposively selected to participate as subjects. The test subjects were randomized into experimental group (n = 17) and control group (n = 11). Pre-test and post-test were taken on RE and CE. The PI protocol was eight weeks, twice a week, eight sets per day, and ten repetitions per set. The results showed that short-term plyometric training using depth jump had no significant effect on RE when running at 10 and 12 km.h–1. Likewise there was no significant effect on CE using strain of 1.5 W.kg–1 and 2 W.kg–1. From the point of view of practical use we do not recommend apply analogous plyometric training using declared running speed and cycling intensity.
- MeSH
- Running statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Bicycling statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Plyometric Exercise * methods MeSH
- Oxygen Consumption MeSH
- Students MeSH
- Research MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Active commuting (AC) is an important factor in increasing the total daily physical activity (PA) in children, which is significant for their health and positive physical behaviour in adulthood. The objective of the study was to describe trends in active commuting to school among Czech girls and boys aged 11-15 years from 2006 to 2014, using data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. METHODS: To investigate trends in AC among Czech children of school age data obtained from the HBSC surveys carried out in 2006, 2010, and 2014 was used. The study sample comprised 12,273 respondents, out of whom 5,992 (48.8%) were boys and 6,281 (51.2%) girls. The overall trends in AC were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Compared with 2006, there was an overall decrease in AC among the 13-year-old boys and 13-year-old girls (boys - 1.8% in 2006 to 50.1% in 2014, girls - 69.3% in 2006 to 46.3% in 2014). The proportion of children AC (walking and cycling) to school significantly decreased from 74.3% in 2006 to 53.4% in 2014. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that AC to school decreased sharply among Czech children of school age from 2006 to 2014. However, walking was the most frequently used mode of travel. The boys were significantly more likely to cycle to school compared to the girls. PA interventions for youth should encourage participation in AC to school in the Czech Republic.
- MeSH
- Walking statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Bicycling statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Transportation statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Longitudinal Studies MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Schools * MeSH
- Health Behavior * MeSH
- Health Surveys * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Active commuting (AC) to school represents a great opportunity to incorporate walking or cycling into adolescents' everyday routine. The objective of the study was to describe changes in AC in Czech adolescents across a 10-year period in different built environments. Data from the 2001 and 2011 Czech Census of Population and Housing were used to examine the mode of transportation taken to school in 6236 adolescents. Changes in AC over time were analyzed for low and high walkable areas separately in two Czech regional cities, Olomouc and Hradec Králové. Between 2001 and 2011, the proportion of adolescents actively commuting to school decreased by 47%, from an absolute rate of 49.1% to 26%. The proportion of active commuters fell in low walkable areas by 61% and in high walkable areas by 39%. The results indicated that adolescents in 2011 were 2.7 times less (OR = 0.365, p < 0.001) likely to actively commute than in 2001. The AC behavior in Czech adolescents has a negative tendency to replicate travel-to-school patterns in adolescents previously described in more developed countries. The findings might serve as a recommendation for municipal policy.
- MeSH
- Residence Characteristics * MeSH
- Adolescent Behavior * MeSH
- Walking statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Bicycling statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Transportation methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Schools MeSH
- Students psychology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Environment Design MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Background: Road traffic injury patients admitted to 35 hospitals in Lublin region. Objective: To describe the pattern of road traffic injuries in Lublin county, Poland. Methods: Review of medical records for the period from January 2004 to December 2005. Results: Pedestrians accounted for the largest share of the Road traffic crash (RTC) injury cases (35.8%) and 46.4% of deaths. The highest mortality was observed in motorcycle occupants (7.1%) and victims with abdominal injuries (9.8%). Vulnerable road users represented 71.4% of all RTC deaths, with mortality 5.8%. Early transfers accounted for 82.5% of cases. Mortality in early transfers is 4 times higher than in late transfers. Conclusions: Poland ranks as one of the worst European countries in terms of severity and fatal outcomes of road traffic injuries. Groups of road users in Poland at the highest risk are pedestrians, cyclists, children and young male drivers. The highest mortality rate occurs among road users affected by multiple trauma and head/vertebral column injuries. Alleviation of consequences of road traffic injuries in Poland may be achieved by coordinated efforts and collective responsibility of government, central level agencies, rescue team members and community groups.
- MeSH
- Bicycling statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Accidents, Traffic MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Motorcycles statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Motor Vehicles statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Infant, Newborn MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Wounds and Injuries epidemiology classification MeSH
- Sex Distribution MeSH
- Age Distribution MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Infant MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Infant, Newborn MeSH
- Child, Preschool MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Geographicals
- Poland MeSH
V príspevku hodnotíme závislosť vzťahu medzi pravidelne vykonávanou kondičnou cyklistikou (po dobu troch mesiacov) a vybranýmí ukazovateľmi všeobecnej pohybovej výkonnosti (skok do diaľky z miesta, ľah – sed opakovane po dobu 30 s, člnkový beh na 4 x 10 m, výdrž v zhybe, 12 min. beh) jednotlivých členov referenčného súboru. Členovia experimentálneho súboru sa vo všetkých sledovaných ukazovateľoch všeobecnej pohybovej výkonnosti, po absolvovaní tréningového zaťaženia (12 týždňov), zlepšili v dosahovaných výkonoch v priemere o 3.3%. Kontrolná skupina, ktorej členovia počas experimentu neabsolvovali žiadne tréningové zaťaženie, sa vo výstupných testoch všeobecnej pohybovej výkonnosti, v porovnaní so vstupnými hodnotami zhoršila v priemere o 3%. Výskumné sledovanie poukázalo na skutočnosť, že tréningový program s využitím kondičnej cyklistiky pôsobí efektívnejšie na rozvoj vytrvalostných schopností a statickej sily horných končatín v porovnaní s rozvojom rýchlostno - silových schopností.
In the work we evaluated a dependence of relation between fitness cycling done on regular basis and selected indicators of general motor performance in the tested group. After the intended workout members of experimental group improved by 3,3 % in all monitored indicators of general motor performance. A control group that did not undertook any special workout got worse by 3 % compared to their initial results. Our research points at the fact that a training program exploiting fitness cycling affects endurance and static strength more effectively compared to speed-strength abilities.
- MeSH
- Running statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Bicycling physiology statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Body Mass Index MeSH
- Middle Aged physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Physical Education and Training statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Life Style MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Comparative Study MeSH
- MeSH
- Bicycling statistics & numerical data injuries MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Athletic Injuries prevention & control MeSH
- Sports Equipment MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
