Článek stručně shrnuje klíčové publikace neurokardiologie v zahraničním i domácím písemnictví v posledních čtyřiceti letech, zabývá se definicí pojmu, vymezením neurokardiologie obecné a klinické. Zdůrazňuje práci průkopníků neurokardiologie Johna Andrewa Armoura a Jeffreyho Laurence Ardella, význam autonomního nervového systému v hierarchickém řízení srdeční činnosti, koncept funkčního srdečního mozku. Závěrem připomíná významné dokumenty translační a klinické neurokardiologie, projekt SPARC a potenciál neuromodulační terapie v praxi.
The article briefly summarizes the key publications of neurocardiology in foreign and domestic literature in the last forty years, deals with the definition of the term, the definition of general and clinical neurocardiology. It highlights the work of the pioneers of neurocardiology, John Andrew Armour and Jeffrey Laurence Ardell, the importance of the autonomic nervous system in the hierarchical control of cardiac activity. Final- ly, it recalls important documents of translational and clinical neurocardiology, the SPARC project and the potential of neuromodulation therapy in practice.
- Keywords
- Neurokardiologie obecná a klinická,
- MeSH
- Autonomic Nervous System * physiology MeSH
- Cardiology * classification trends MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
Although the variability of the upper limb arteries is a clinically important problem, the prevalence is varying across the existing studies and classification is rather complicated, not well established and sometimes even unclear for simple and direct understanding and usage. Multiple case reports appearing in the last years apply incorrect, inappropriate, and sometimes misleading terminology. We performed an anatomical cadaveric study of the variability of the arteries of the upper limb, namely, the axilla, arm, and forearm, in 423 upper limbs embalmed with classical formaldehyde method (Central European population). We proposed to apply the Equality system based on the common trunks for denomination of the axillary artery branches principal variations: Truncus subscapulocircumflexus (22.9%), truncus profundocircumflexus (13.75%), and truncus bicircumflexus (13.95%). Further, we proposed the terminology system developed by Rodríguez-Niedenführ et al. for the free upper limb principal arterial trunk variations based on the origin, location (in the arm only, or in the arm and forearm), and course (related to the forearm flexor muscles) of the involved artery: Arteria brachialis superficialis (9.5%), arteria brachioradialis superficialis (6.4%), arteria brachioulnaris superficialis (1.9%), arteria brachiomediana superficialis (0.5%), and arteria comitans nervi mediani manus (3.3%). Extensive development of the catheterization methods via the arteria radialis et ulnaris as well as surgical procedures using flaps based on perforating branches of these arteries (including arteria brachioradialis superficialis et brachioulnaris superficialis) necessitate thorough data on prevalence of the variant vessels for safe performance of these procedures to prevent any unexpected situations or to react adequately in such.
- MeSH
- Models, Anatomic MeSH
- Axillary Artery MeSH
- Brachial Artery MeSH
- Axilla blood supply MeSH
- Formaldehyde MeSH
- Upper Extremity MeSH
- Cardiology classification MeSH
- Catheterization MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Cadaver MeSH
- Arm blood supply MeSH
- Forearm blood supply MeSH
- Terminology as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
- MeSH
- Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular MeSH
- Diagnostic Imaging methods MeSH
- Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon methods MeSH
- Cardiology * classification methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Heart Diseases diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Nuclear Medicine * methods MeSH
- Radiopharmaceuticals therapeutic use MeSH
- Radioisotopes therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
- MeSH
- Acute Coronary Syndrome classification MeSH
- Acute Disease MeSH
- Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary classification standards MeSH
- Electric Stimulation MeSH
- Electrocardiography classification standards MeSH
- Myocardial Infarction classification MeSH
- Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping MeSH
- Cardiology classification standards trends MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Angina, Unstable classification MeSH
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac classification MeSH
- Heart Valves MeSH
- Stents classification MeSH
- Terminology as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- MeSH
- Biomedical Research methods trends MeSH
- Estrogens MeSH
- Myocardial Ischemia diagnosis drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Cardiology classification methods trends MeSH
- Clinical Trials as Topic MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Evidence-Based Medicine trends MeSH
- Interdisciplinary Communication MeSH
- Molecular Biology methods trends MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Introductory Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease economics epidemiology etiology MeSH
- European Union MeSH
- Cardiology classification methods trends MeSH
- Cardiovascular Diseases economics epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Preventive Medicine statistics & numerical data trends education MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
Posuzování dlouhodobě nepříznivého stavu v kardiologii se provádí podle přílohy č. 2 vyhlášky č. 284/1995 Sb., v platném znění, podle kapitoly IX, Oddíl A. Autor uvádí své zkušenosti s posuzováním a poznatky z dostupných učebnic kardiologie, které se týkají této problematiky.
The assessment of a long-term unfavourable health status in cardiology is carried on according to the Annex No. 2 of the directive No. 284/1995 of the Digest in the valid wording according to the chapter IX, section A. The author presents his experience with the assessment and findings from available textbooks on cardiology related to the issue.
