AIM: The paper describes the characteristics of relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder (R-OCD), including the types of obsessions and compulsions, the common triggers and the impact on psychological well-being and relationship functioning. It also offers basic cognitive-behavioural strategies to help patients change their attitudes towards obsessive thoughts and reduce compulsive behaviours. METHODS: This article is a narrative review of the literature and case studies on R-OCD. To search for relevant sources, we used PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases with the keywords "relationship obsessive compulsive disorder", "R-OCD", "relationship OCD" and "partner-focused OCD". We included only studies published in English from January 1990 to June 2023. The paper provides examples of how basic cognitive-behavioural strategies help individuals with R-OCD. RESULTS: People with R-OCD experience intrusive thoughts about whether they have the right feelings for their partner, whether their partner loves them, whether the relationship is suitable or whether their partner has flaws. These thoughts trigger the urge to perform various rituals to alleviate anxiety, such as repeated checking, reassurance or comparison. However, this behaviour leads to disruption of the relationship and long-term maintenance of the anxiety. Examples of basic cognitive-behavioural strategies can be applied in clinical practice to help individuals change their attitudes towards relational obsessive thoughts and reduce compulsive behaviours.
Epilepsy is both a disease of the brain and the mind. Here, we present the second of two papers with extended summaries of selected presentations of the Third International Congress on Epilepsy, Brain and Mind (April 3-5, 2014; Brno, Czech Republic). Humanistic, biologic, and therapeutic aspects of epilepsy, particularly those related to the mind, were discussed. The extended summaries provide current overviews of epilepsy, cognitive impairment, and treatment, including brain functional connectivity and functional organization; juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; cognitive problems in newly diagnosed epilepsy; SUDEP including studies on prevention and involvement of the serotoninergic system; aggression and antiepileptic drugs; body, mind, and brain, including pain, orientation, the "self-location", Gourmand syndrome, and obesity; euphoria, obsessions, and compulsions; and circumstantiality and psychiatric comorbidities.
- MeSH
- agrese psychologie MeSH
- antikonvulziva terapeutické užití MeSH
- bolest diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- epilepsie diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- internacionalita * MeSH
- kognitivní poruchy diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- kompulzivní chování diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- kongresy jako téma * trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metafyzické vztahy mezi duší a tělem * MeSH
- mozek patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- myoklonická epilepsie juvenilní diagnóza farmakoterapie psychologie MeSH
- náhlá smrt prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Environmental uncertainty and uncontrollability cause psycho-physiological distress to organisms, often impeding normal functioning. A common response involves ritualization, that is, the limitation of behavioral expressions to predictable stereotypic and repetitive motor patterns. In humans, such behaviors are also symptomatic of psychopathologies like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Although these reactions might be mediated by different neural pathways, they serve to regain a sense of control over an uncertain situation by engaging in behavioral patterns characterized by redundancy (superfluous actions that exceed the functional requirements of a goal), repetitiveness (recurrent behaviors or utterances), and rigidity (emphasis on fidelity and invariance). We examined whether ritualized behavior will manifest spontaneously as a dominant behavioral strategy in anxiogenic situations. Manipulating anxiety, we used motion-capture technology to quantify various characteristics of hand movements. We found that induced anxiety led to an increase in repetitiveness and rigidity, but not redundancy. However, examination of both psychological and physiological pathways revealed that repetitiveness and rigidity were predicted by an increase in heart rate, while self-perceived anxiety was a marginally significant predictor of redundancy. We suggest that these findings are in accordance with an entropy model of uncertainty, in which anxiety motivates organisms to return to familiar low-entropy states in order to regain a sense of control. Our results might inform a better understanding of ritual behavior and psychiatric disorders whose symptoms include over-ritualization.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kompulzivní chování etiologie psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- náhodné rozdělení MeSH
- psychologické modely MeSH
- úzkost etiologie psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- biologická psychiatrie * metody trendy MeSH
- hráčství diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- kompulzivní chování * patologie psychologie MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- naltrexon analogy a deriváty MeSH
- opioidní analgetika antagonisté a inhibitory terapeutické užití MeSH
- poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek etiologie klasifikace terapie MeSH
- spoluzávislost MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Obsedantně-kompulzivní porucha patří mezi nejčastěji se vyskytující psychické poruchy. Řadí se mezi úzkostné poruchy. Je charakterizována nutkavými myšlenkami (obsesemi), které se proti vůli vtírají na mysl a způsobují svému nositeli výraznou nepohodu a tíseň, kterou se pak snaží zmírnit různými způsoby nutkavého jednání (kompulzemi či rituály).
Obsessive-compulsive disease is one of the most common psychological disorders. It is an anxiety disorder, characterized by obsessive thoughts that come uninvited and cause severe discomfort and distress which the patient tries to alleviate by various forms of compulsive behavior (rituals).
- MeSH
- farmakoterapie metody využití MeSH
- kognitivně behaviorální terapie metody MeSH
- kompulzivní chování klasifikace psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- obsedantně kompulzivní porucha diagnóza farmakoterapie terapie MeSH
- obsesivní chování psychologie terapie MeSH
- ošetřovatelství v psychiatrii metody MeSH
- psychoterapie metody MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Autor v práci charakterizuje problematiku niektorých novodobých nelátkových závislostí, hlavne závislosti na internete a nakupovaní. Na kazuistike liečeného pacienta závislého na nakupovaní poukazuje na špecifiká tejto problematiky, ako aj možnosti liečby.
The author specifies characteristics of new age disorders of non substance dependences in this article, especially dependence on internet and shopping. The case study of treated patient addicted to shopping refers to specifics of this topic as well as the possibilities of treatment.
- MeSH
- bipolární porucha komplikace psychologie terapie MeSH
- chování a mechanismy chování fyziologie MeSH
- hráčství psychologie MeSH
- internet etika využití MeSH
- kompulzivní chování komplikace psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obchod MeSH
- skupinová psychoterapie metody MeSH
- závislost (psychologie) MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- kompulzivní chování komplikace psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurodermatitida prevence a kontrola psychologie terapie MeSH
- třezalka MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
