Some strains of the genus Enterococcus are effective probiotic bacteria if they meet safety and probiotic criteria. In our study, 17 canine enterococci previously selected from a group of 160 isolates based on safety criteria were screened for some functional properties relevant to their use as probiotics. The results of antimicrobial resistance testing showed sensitivity of eleven strains to EFSA recommended antimicrobials. In contrast, the most frequent resistance was observed for cefotaxim (15/17) and oxacillin (13/17). PCR detection of resistance genes (vanA, vanB, vanC, tetM, tetL, ermB, and mefA) revealed the presence of mefA gene in five Enterococcus faecium strains and vanA gene in one strain. The production of enzymes commonly associated with intestinal diseases was in general rare (β-glucosidase 2/17, α-chymotrypsin 1/17, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase 0/17, and β-glucuronidase 0/17). The measurement of strain survival rate (%) under the conditions simulating gastric (pH 2.5) and bile juices (0.3% bile) showed considerable differences between strains (< 0.01 to 4.7% after 90 min for gastric juices, 48.0 to 254.0% after 180 min for bile). The concentration of produced L-lactic acid ranged between 83.1 to 119.3 mmol/L after 48 h cultivation depending on the strain. All strains fermented 16 out of 49 different carbohydrates (range from 17 to 23/49). Antimicrobial activity was recorded for two strains against some species of Listeria sp. and Enterococcus sp. Finally, two E. faecium candidates (IK25 and D7) were selected for testing in dogs, and hereafter they could possibly extend the currently limited range of beneficial bacteria of canine origin used as a dietary supplement for dogs.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie normy MeSH
- Bacteria účinky léků MeSH
- bakteriální geny MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- bakteriociny genetika MeSH
- Enterococcus účinky léků genetika metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- kyselina mléčná biosyntéza MeSH
- metabolismus sacharidů MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- probiotika farmakologie MeSH
- psi MeSH
- žaludeční kyselina MeSH
- žluč MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Seventy-eight isolates of lactic acid bacteria from Ukraine and Thailand were screened for bacteriocinogenic activity against indicator strain Lactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei JCM 1157. One isolate showed an antagonistic activity of cell-free supernatant eliminated after the treatment with Proteinase K. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, this isolate was identified as Enterococcus italicus. Bacteriocin produced by this strain showed antimicrobial activity against L. sakei subsp. sakei JCM 1157, Brochothrix thermosphacta DSMZ 20171, and Listeria ivanovii subsp. ivanovii DSMZ 20750 in agar well diffusion assay. This bacteriocin was cationic and hydrophobic. The partially purified bacteriocin was thermostable, while heating of cell-free supernatant increased its activity more than twofold. Molecular mass of the partially purified bacteriocin as determined by SDS-PAGE differed from enterocin A and B previously known for E. italicus. Concentrated bacteriocin decreased the level of biofilm formation in L. sakei subsp. sakei JCM 1157 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in 52.5 and 48.0%, respectively (p < 0.05). We suggest that the studied bacteriocin could be a perspective antibiofilm agent in food conservation and medicine.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemie metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriociny chemie metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- Brassica mikrobiologie MeSH
- Enterococcus chemie genetika izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- hydrofobní a hydrofilní interakce MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa účinky léků MeSH
- stabilita léku MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Thajsko MeSH
It is demonstrated that numerous bacteria are able to attach to surfaces of equipment used for food handling or processing. In this study, a strain of Enterococcus durans, originally isolated from a milking machine surface, was firstly studied for its biofilm formation potential on plastic and stainless steel supports. The strain was found to be a biofilm producer either at 25, 30 or 37 °C on polystyrene microtitre plates, with a best adherence level observed at 25 °C. En. durans showed a strong adhesion to stainless steel AISI-304. Antibacterial and anti-adherence activities of En. durans were tested against four foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Listeria innocua CLIP 74915) which were shown as biofilm producers on both plastic and stainless steel. En. durans cells and cell-free culture supernatant showed a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition potential of the pathogens either on solid media or in broth co-cultures. Characterization of the antibacterial substances indicated their proteinaceous nature which assigned them most probably to bacteriocins group.
- MeSH
- bakteriální adheze účinky léků MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- biologické přípravky metabolismus MeSH
- Enterococcus metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- gramnegativní bakterie účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- grampozitivní bakterie účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- mikrobiologie životního prostředí * MeSH
- nerezavějící ocel MeSH
- plastické hmoty MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Probiotiká sú živé mikroorganizmy, podávané v dostatočnom množstve majú preukázateľne priaznivý účinok na hostiteľa. Ich základnou vlastnosťou je priľnavosť k bunkám črevnej sliznice a tým vytesňovanie patogénov. Zároveň dochádza vďaka kontaktu probiotických baktérií s bunkami lymfatického tkaniva čreva (GALT) k aktivácii viacerých mechanizmov imunity. Typickým cieľom probiotickej liečby sú infekčné a akútne vírusové hnačky, ako aj hnačky po ožiarení, idiopatické črevné zápaly, infekcia Helicobacter pylori, prevencia vzniku alergií a atopickej dermatitídy.
Abstract: Probiotics are live microorganisms which, when administered in sufficient quantities, have a proven beneficial effect on the host. Their basic characteristic is adhesion to cells of the intestinal mucosa, thereby displacing pathogens. At the same time, due to the contact of probiotic bacteria with the cells of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), activation of multiple mechanisms of immunity occurs. Typical goals of probiotic therapy include infectious and acute viral diarrhea as well as diarrhea after irradiation, inflammatory bowel diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection, and the prevention of allergies and atopic dermatitis.
- MeSH
- adherence k farmakoterapii MeSH
- Bifidobacterium metabolismus MeSH
- Enterococcus metabolismus MeSH
- Escherichia coli metabolismus MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- Lactobacillus metabolismus MeSH
- Lactococcus metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci trávicího systému * prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- nesnášenlivost laktózy prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- potravní doplňky MeSH
- probiotika * klasifikace metabolismus škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- průjem prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- Saccharomyces metabolismus MeSH
- Streptococcus metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
The aim of the study was to explore production of seven biogenic amines (phenylethylamine, histamine, cadaverine, tyramine, putrescine, spermine and/or spermidine) by selected staphylococci and enterococci. Thirty three enterococcal strains isolated from rabbit meat (Oryctolagus cuniculus f. domesticus) and 21 staphylococcal strains isolated from intestinal content of trout (Salmo trutta morpha fario) were tested. Production of biogenic amines was evaluated after cultivation of the tested microorganisms in the de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe Broth (enterococci) or in the Brain Heart Infusion Broth (staphylococci). Both the above cultivation media were enriched with selected amino acids (histidine, tyrosine, arginine, ornithine and lysine; 2g/L each) serving as precursors of biogenic amines. After cultivation, levels of the monitored biogenic amines in broths were analysed by a high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a UV/VIS DAD detector. Among 21 staphylococci, 18 strains produced tyramine or cadaverine, 13 strains formed putrescine or phenylethylamine and only one strain generated histamine. Two staphylococcal strains produced cadaverine levels above 1000 mg/L. Among 33 enterococcal strains, 27 formed cadaverine, 18 strains produced tyramine, 10 strains generated phenylethylamine, and 2 strains gave putrescine. Most of the tyramine producing enterococci generated more than 1000 mg/L of this biogenic amine. Production of spermine or spermidine by the studied strains was not proved.
- MeSH
- biogenní aminy analýza biosyntéza MeSH
- dekarboxylace MeSH
- Enterococcus klasifikace růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- králíci * MeSH
- maso mikrobiologie MeSH
- pstruh * MeSH
- Staphylococcus klasifikace růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- střeva mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and enterococci were isolated immediately after stuffing (day 0), at the end of ripening (28th day) and at the end of storage (112th day) from dry fermented sausages produced by two different producers (K; R) in two diameters (4.5 and 7 cm) using either of two spice mixtures (P; H) and either of two starter cultures (Pediococcus pentosaceus, C; Lactobacillus curvatus+Staphylococcus carnosus, F), resulting in a total of 16 different combinations. Tyrosine-decarboxylase DNA sequence (tyrdc) was identified on average in 88% and 44% of enterococci and LAB isolates, respectively at the end of ripening, the corresponding figures regarding histidine-decarboxylase gene sequence (hisdc) was 71% and 16%, respectively. Lactobacillus plantarum, L. brevis and L. casei/paracasei, and Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis were identified as tyramine/histamine producers in the sausages.
- MeSH
- biogenní aminy biosyntéza MeSH
- Enterococcus genetika izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- histidindekarboxylasa analýza genetika MeSH
- Lactobacillus genetika izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- masné výrobky mikrobiologie MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- tyrosindekarboxylasa analýza genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cíl práce: Rod Enterococcus patří k fyziologickým zástupcům střevní mikroflóry i významným nozokomiálním patogenům. Znepokojivou skutečnosti je nárůst rezistence k antimikrobiálním přípravkům, např. vankomycinu (VRE). Enterokoky často produkují Hmoho faktorů virulence: gelatinasu, povrchový protein, adhesiny a sexuální feromony, jejichž geny, současně ve vztahu k rezistenci k vankomycinu, jsou v této práci sledovány. Materiál a metody: U 108 izolátů enterokoků, zachycených z různých klinických vzorků (kromě stolice) od pacientů Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc a rozdělených do skupin VRE (n = 54) a kontrolní, k vankomycinu citlivých (n = 54), byl sledován výskyt genů pro gelatinasu (gelE), povrchový protein [esp) a sexuální feromony (cpd, cob a ccf). Ke genetickému průkazu byla použita real-time PCR. Výsledky: V kontrolní skupině enterokoků citlivých k vankomycinu pouze šest izolátů (11,1 %) neneslo žádný ze sledovaných faktorů virulence. Nejčastěji se vyskytoval gen ccf (11,7 %, n = 42). Dále byl prokázán cpd v 66,6 % (36), gelE v 55,5 % (30), esp v 46,3 % (25), cob V 38,9 % (21). Ve skupině VRE neobsahovalo 17 izolátů (31,5 %) žádný z vyšetřovaných genů. Ve větší míře byl zjištěn esp v 62,9 % (34), podstatně méně cpd v 5,6 % (3), cob v 5,6 % (3), ccf v 5,6 % (3), gelE v 3,7 % (2). Závěr: U VRE byl prokázán menší výskyt čtyř z pěti sledovaných faktorů virulence. Menší výskyt genů pro faktory virulence u VRE byl spojen zřejmě s jejich druhovým zastoupením (podstatně vyšší frekvence Enterococcus faecium, u něhož se většinou tyto geny vyskytují v mnohem menší míře).
Bacteria of the genus Enterococcus are a normal part of the intestinal microflora but also important nosocomial pathogens. An alarming fact is increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents such as vancomycin (VRE). Enterococci frequently produce numerous virulence factors, e.g. gelatinase, surface protein, adhesins and sex pheromones. Their genes, with respect to vancomycin resistance, are studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 108 isolates obtained from various clinical samples (except for stools) taken from patients in the University Hospital Olomouc and divided into VRE (n = 54) and control, vancomycin-susceptible (n = 54) groups, the prevalence of genes for gelatinase (gelE), surface protein (esp) and sex pheromones (cpd, cob and ccf) was investigated. For genetic detection, real-time PCR was used. RESULTS: In the control group of vancomycin-susceptible enterococci, only six isolates (11.1 %) showed none of the studied virulence factors. The most prevalent gene was ccf (77.7 %, n = 42), followed by cpd in 66.6 % (36), gelE in 55.5 % (30), esp in 46.3 % (25) and cob in 38.9 % (21). In the VRE group, 17 isolates (31.5%) contained none of the studied genes. More prevalent was esp in 62.9 % (34), substantially less frequent were cpd in 5.6 % (3), cob in 5.6 % (3), ccf in 5.6 % (3) and gelE in 3.7 % (2). CONCLUSIONS: In VRE a smaller occurence, i.e. four out of the five studied virulence factors, were detected. The lower prevalence of genes for virulence factors was probably due to their species representation (substantially higher frequency of Enterococcus faecium in which these genes are mostly much less prevalent).
Enterococci isolated from 28 different commercially available feeds (10-1000 CFU/mL) were identified and their probiotic potential was determined. Species identification of 22 selected strains was performed by intergenic length-polymorphism analysis (tRNA-PCR); PCR products were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis. Six strains were allotted to the species Enterococcus faecium, four to E. faecalis, one to E. hirae; the remaining strains were not classed. The strains were sensitive to vancomycin, ampicillin, tetracycline and rifampicin. They were able to adhere to human as well as canine intestinal mucus. They produced lactic acid (0.99-1.04 mmol/L) and most of them were urease-positive with sufficient survival in 5 % Oxgall-bile. They did not show any inhibitory activity due to antimicrobial substances. Plasmid DNA was detected in 8 strains, the bands responding to small molecular size (10 kbp). Considering all probiotically important properties, E. faecium strain EE3 was suggested as potential feed additive.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- Enterococcus chemie izolace a purifikace metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata mikrobiologie MeSH
- kyselina mléčná metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- probiotika chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- psi MeSH
- střeva mikrobiologie MeSH
- ureasa metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- MeSH
- bakteriální adheze MeSH
- biochemická analýza krve MeSH
- Enterococcus izolace a purifikace metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- feces mikrobiologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- Lactobacillus izolace a purifikace metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- psi MeSH
- žluč MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- psi MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
