Hyaluronan (HA) effects on immune response are suggested to be dependent on HA molecular weight (MW), as low MW HA should activate immune cells in contrast to high MW HA. However, some current studies do not support this conception and emphasize the importance of the form of preparation of HA, particularly with respect to its purity and origin. We compared the activation of mouse immune cells by HA samples (100kDa, 500kDa, and 997kDa) prepared from HA originating from rooster comb, and HA samples (71kDa, 500kDa, and 1000kDa) prepared from pharmacological grade HA originating from Streptococcus equi. Interestingly, in contrast to established theory, only middle and high MW HA originating from rooster comb induced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α by macrophages and in whole blood. Further, all tested preparations of HA failed to induce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, the production of nitric oxide, or the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in macrophages and splenocytes. Importantly, all HA samples originating from rooster comb were found to be contaminated by endotoxin (up to 1.23EU/ml). Hence, low MW HA did not reveal itself to have significantly higher immunostimulatory activity compared to HA of higher MW.
- MeSH
- buněčná imunita účinky léků genetika MeSH
- cyklooxygenasa 2 genetika MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- kyselina hyaluronová farmakologie MeSH
- makrofágy účinky léků imunologie MeSH
- molekulová hmotnost MeSH
- myši MeSH
- oxid dusnatý genetika MeSH
- RAW 264.7 buňky MeSH
- regulace genové exprese účinky léků MeSH
- Streptococcus equi chemie MeSH
- synthasa oxidu dusnatého genetika MeSH
- TNF-alfa genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- hypertenze genetika metabolismus MeSH
- inbrední kmeny potkanů genetika metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- oxid dusnatý biosyntéza genetika nedostatek MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku antagonisté a inhibitory metabolismus MeSH
- sympatický nervový systém metabolismus MeSH
- vápník metabolismus MeSH
- vápníkové kanály - typ L chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
