PURPOSE: Variations in the anatomy of pulmonary veins can influence selection of approaches of atrial fibrillation catheter ablation. Therefore, preprocedural evaluation and knowledge of pulmonary veins anatomy is crucial for proper mapping and the successful ablation of atrial fibrillation. The aim of this observational study was to assess CT angiography scans and perform detailed analysis of pulmonary veins morphology in patients scheduled for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. METHODS: CT angiography was performed in 771 individuals (223 females, 548 males, mean age 58.4 ± 10.7 years). Pulmonary veins anatomy was evaluated using 3D models. The patterns used for evaluation included typical anatomy with four separate pulmonary veins, a common left ostium, and various types of accessory veins either alone or in combination with common left ostia. RESULTS: An anatomical variant with common left ostium was observed as the most prevalent anatomy (44%). The typical variant was observed in 34.8% of patients. Accessory pulmonary veins were observed predominantly on the right side. The prevalence of anatomical variants did not differ between sexes with the exception of the unclassifiable category U (4.4% vs. 9%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that a considerable number of atypical anatomies is present in patients undergoing AF catheter ablation. This knowledge may influence the choice of instrumentation. The data could be possibly helpful also in development of new ablation techniques.
- MeSH
- CT angiografie MeSH
- fibrilace síní * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- flebografie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- venae pulmonales * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
AIMS: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a compliant multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter (RFB) used with a multi-electrode diagnostic catheter for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). METHODS AND RESULTS: This prospective, multicentre, single-arm study was conducted at six European sites and enrolled patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The primary effectiveness endpoint was entrance block in treated pulmonary veins (PVs) after adenosine/isoproterenol challenge. The primary safety endpoint was the occurrence of primary adverse events (PAEs) within 7 days. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging and neurological assessments were performed pre- and post-ablation in a subset of patients. Atrial arrhythmia recurrence was assessed over 12 months via transtelephonic and Holter monitoring. Quality of life was assessed by the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality of Life (AFEQT) questionnaire. Of 85 patients undergoing ablation per study protocol, PV entrance block was achieved in all (one PV required touch-up with a focal catheter). Acute reconnection of ≥1 PVs after adenosine/isoproterenol challenge was observed in 9.3% (30/324) of PVs ablated. Post-ablation, silent cerebral lesions were detected in 9.7% (3/31) of patients assessed, all of which was resolved at 1-month follow-up. One patient experienced a PAE (retroperitoneal bleed). Freedom from documented symptomatic and all arrhythmia was 72.2% and 65.8% at 12 months. Four patients (4.7%) underwent repeat ablation. Significant improvements in all AFEQT subscale scores were seen at 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSION: PVI with the novel RFB demonstrated favourable safety and effectiveness, with low repeat ablation rate and clinically meaningful improvement in quality of life. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03437733.
- MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- fibrilace síní * diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- katétry MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- venae pulmonales * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Thermally induced cardiac lesions result in necrosis, edema, and inflammation. This tissue change may be seen with ultrasound. In this study, we sought to use intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) to evaluate pulmonary vein tissue morphology and assess the acute tissue changes that occur following radiofrequency (RF) or laser ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with AF underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using irrigated RF or laser balloon. Pre- and post-ablation ICE imaging was performed from within each pulmonary vein (PV). At least 10 transverse imaging planes per PV were evaluated and each plane was divided into eight segments. The PV/atrial wall thickness and the luminal area were measured at each segment. Twenty-seven patients underwent PVI (15 with laser, 12 with RF). Ninety-eight pulmonary veins were analyzed (58 PVs laser; 40 PVs RF). At baseline, there were no regional differences in PV wall thickness in the right-sided veins. The anterior regions of left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) and left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV) were significantly thicker compared with the posterior and inferior regions (p < .01). Post-ablation, PV wall thickness in RF group increased 24.1% interquartile range (IQR) (17.2%-36.7%) compared with 1.2% IQR (0.4%-8.9%) in laser group, p = .004. In all PVs, RF ablation resulted in significantly greater percent increase in wall thickness compared with laser. Additionally, RF resulted in more variable changes in regional PV wall thickness; with more increases in wall thickness in anterior versus posterior LSPV (75.4 ± 58.5% vs. 46.8 ± 55.6%, p < .01), anterior versus posterior right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) (62.9 ± 63.9% vs. 44.6 ± 51.7%, p < .05), and superior versus inferior RSPV (69.1 ± 45.4% vs. 35.9 ± 45%, p < .05). There were no significant regional differences in PV wall thickness changes for the laser group. CONCLUSIONS: Rotational ICE can be used to measure acute tissue changes with ablation. Regional variability in baseline wall thickness was nonuniformly present in PVs. Acute tissue changes occurred immediately post-ablation. Compared with laser balloon, RF shows markedly more thickening post-ablation with significant regional variations.
AIMS: Catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) has a considerable risk of procedural complications. Major vascular complications (MVCs) appear to be the most frequent. This study investigated gender differences in MVCs in patients undergoing CA for AF in a high-volume tertiary center. METHODS: A total of 4734 CAs for AF (65% paroxysmal, 26% repeated procedures) were performed at our center between January 2006 and August 2018. Patients (71% males) aged 60 ± 10 years and had a body mass index of 29 ± 4 kg/m2 at the time of the procedure. Radiofrequency point-by-point ablation was employed in 96.3% of procedures with the use of three-dimensional navigation systems and facilitated by intracardiac echocardiography. Pulmonary vein isolation was mandatory; cavotricuspid isthmus and left atrial substrate ablation were performed in 22% and 38% procedures, respectively. MVCs were defined as those that resulted in permanent injury, required intervention, or prolonged hospitalization. Their rates and risk factors were compared between genders. RESULTS: A total of 112 (2.4%) MVCs were detected: 54/1512 (3.5%) in females and 58/3222 (1.8%) in males (p < .0001). On multivariate analysis, lower body height was the only risk factor for MVCs in females (p = .0005). On the contrary, advanced age was associated with MVCs in males (p = .006). CONCLUSION: Females have a higher risk of MVCs following CA for AF compared to males. This difference is driven by lower body size in females. Low body height in females and advanced age in males are independent predictors of MVCs. Ultrasound-guided venipuncture lowered the MVC rate in males.
- MeSH
- fibrilace síní * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- sexuální faktory MeSH
- venae pulmonales * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Unlike for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone is considered insufficient for many patients with persistent AF. Adjunctive ablation of the left atrial posterior wall (LAPW) may improve outcomes, but is limited by both the difficulty of achieving lesion durability and concerns of damage to the esophagus-situated behind the LAPW. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess the safety and lesion durability of pulsed field ablation (PFA) for both PVI and LAPW ablation in persistent AF. METHODS: PersAFOne is a single-arm study evaluating biphasic, bipolar PFA using a multispline catheter for PVI and LAPW ablation under intracardiac echocardiographic guidance. A focal PFA catheter was used for cavotricuspid isthmus ablation. No esophageal protection strategy was used. Invasive remapping was mandated at 2 to 3 months to assess lesion durability. RESULTS: In 25 patients, acute PVI (96 of 96 pulmonary veins [PVs]; mean ablation time: 22 min; interquartile range [IQR]: 15 to 29 min) and LAPW ablation (24 of 24 patients; median ablation time: 10 min; IQR: 6 to 13 min) were 100% acutely successful with the multispline PFA catheter alone. Using the focal PFA catheter, acute cavotricuspid isthmus block was achieved in 13 of 13 patients (median: 9 min; IQR: 6 to 12 min). The median total procedure time was 125 min (IQR: 108 to 166 min) (including a median of 28 min [IQR: 25 to 33 min] for voltage mapping), with a median of 16 min (IQR: 12 to 23 min) fluoroscopy. Post-procedure esophagogastroduodenoscopy and repeat cardiac computed tomography revealed no mucosal lesions or PV narrowing, respectively. Invasive remapping demonstrated durable isolation (defined by entrance block) in 82 of 85 PVs (96%) and 21 of 21 LAPWs (100%) treated with the pentaspline catheter. In 3 patients, there was localized scar regression of the LAPW ablation, albeit without conduction breakthrough. CONCLUSIONS: The unique safety profile of PFA potentiated efficient, safe, and durable PVI and LAPW ablation. This extends the potential role of PFA beyond paroxysmal to persistent forms of AF. (Pulsed Fields for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation [PersAFOne]; NCT04170621).
- MeSH
- elektrokardiografie metody MeSH
- fibrilace síní diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční katetrizace přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- venae pulmonales diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) using point-by-point radiofrequency energy or single-application one-shot balloons is either technically challenging or have limited ability to accommodate variable patient anatomy to achieve acute and durable pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. A novel ablation system employs low intensity collimated ultrasound (LICU)-guided anatomic mapping and robotic ablation to isolate PVs. In this first-in-human, single-center, multioperator trial, VALUE trial (VytronUS Ablation System for Treatment of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation; NCT03639597) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, this LICU system was evaluated to determine its safety, effectiveness in PV isolation, and freedom from recurrent atrial arrhythmias. METHODS: In the enrolled 52 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, ultrasound M-mode-based left atrial anatomies were successfully created, and ablation was performed under robotic control along an operator-defined lesion path. The LICU system software advanced over the course of the study: the last 13 patients were ablated with enhanced software. RESULTS: Acute PV isolation was achieved in 98% of PVs-using LICU-only in 77.3% (153/198) of PVs and requiring touch-up with a standard radiofrequency ablation catheter in 22.7% (45/198) PVs. The touch-up rate decreased to 5.8% (3/52) in patients undergoing LICU-ablation with enhanced software. Freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence was 79.6% (39/49 patients) at 12 months or 92.3% (12/13 patients) with the enhanced software. Major adverse events occurred in 3 patients (5.8%): one had transient diaphragmatic paralysis, one vascular access complication, and one had transient ST-segment elevation from air-embolism, without sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: In this first-in-human study, low- intensity collimated ultrasound-guided anatomic mapping and robotic ablation allows PV isolation with good chronic safety; PV isolation success is improving with device enhancements. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03639597.
- MeSH
- chirurgie s pomocí počítače metody MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fibrilace síní diagnóza patofyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- převodní systém srdeční diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ultrasonografie přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- venae pulmonales diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Srdeční angiosarkom je nejčastější primární maligní tumor srdce u dospělých. Vzhledem k často nespecifickému klinickému obrazu bývá odhalení angiosarkomu pozdní. Zásadní roli v diagnostice má echokardiografie a bioptické vyšetření; k ověření generalizace a stanovení dalšího postupu se využívá výpočetní tomografie (CT) a pozitronová emisní tomografie (PET). Samotné možnosti léčby (chirurgická resekce, chemoterapie a radioterapie, případně ortotopická transplantace) jsou limitované a mají nejistý efekt na prodloužení doby přežití. Strategie léčby není dosud jasně určena a je založena spíše na kazuistických zkušenostech. V naší kazuistice se věnujeme 52letému muži, který byl na našem pracovišti vyšetřen pro palpitace, tlakovou bolest na hrudi a krátký prekolapsový stav. Iniciálně byla zjištěna setrvalá úzkokomplexová tachykardie s frekvencí 220/min. V rámci přípravy ke katetrizační ablaci arytmie byla provedena CT angiografie plicních žil s vedlejším nálezem intrakardiálně uloženého tumoru, který byl dle jícnové echokardiografie a bioptického vyšetření verifikován jako primární srdeční angiosarkom. Indikováno bylo radikální chirurgické řešení s následnou chemoterapií v kombinaci s biologickou léčbou. Dle PET vyšetření došlo po osmi měsících od chirurgického výkonu k relapsu nádorové aktivity a následnému úmrtí nemocného 16 měsíců od primární diagnostiky onemocnění.
Cardiac angiosarcoma is the most common primary malignant cardiac tumor in adults. Due to nonspecific clinical symptoms its diagnosis is often late. A key role in diagnosis plays echocardiography and the cardiac biopsy; computed tomography and positron emission tomography (PET) can help in determining the presence of metastasis and the treatment strategy. Available methods of treatment are limited and based solely on individual case reports – surgical excision, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or orthotopic heart transplantation have uncertain effect on survival. In this presented case, we report of a 52-year-old male who was admitted for palpitations, chest pain, and brief presyncope. Initially, a narrow complex tachycardia 220/min was recorded and a catheter ablation scheduled. However, an intracardiac tumor mass was revealed by CT angiogram and later verified as a primary cardiac angiosarcoma by transoesophageal echocardiography and biopsy. The patient underwent a radical surgical resection with subsequent chemotherapy and biological therapy. Unfortunately, in 8 months a relapse was discovered by PET and the patient died 16 months after the primary diagnosis.
- MeSH
- amiodaron aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- biopsie MeSH
- bolesti na hrudi etiologie MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda MeSH
- CT angiografie MeSH
- echokardiografie transezofageální MeSH
- echokardiografie MeSH
- edém MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- hemangiosarkom * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování farmakoterapie krevní zásobení patologie MeSH
- histologické techniky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory srdce * chirurgie diagnostické zobrazování farmakoterapie krevní zásobení patologie MeSH
- PET/CT MeSH
- pleurální výpotek MeSH
- plíce diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- srdeční síně patologie MeSH
- tachykardie etiologie MeSH
- terapie neúspěšná MeSH
- vena cava inferior chirurgie patologie MeSH
- venae pulmonales diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the cornerstone in the treatment of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Some research has suggested studies have shown that modification of ganglionated plexuses (GP), performed with PVI, could lead to even better outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PVI on the autonomic system. Heart rate variability (HRV) was used as a marker of autonomic system activity. Twenty-six PAF patients underwent PVI (PVI group) and twenty patients underwent PVI plus a GP ablation (GP group). In each group, 5 min long ECG signals obtained before and after the electrophysiology EP study were analyzed. Time and frequency domain parameters were evaluated. Vagal responses during ablation were observed in 15 (58 %) patients in the PVI group and in 12 (60 %) patients in the GP group. The change in normalized power in the low frequency (LF) and in the LF/HF ratio, before and after ablation, was statistically significant in both groups (LF/HF 2.6+/-1.6 before vs. 1.4+/-1.7 after ablation in PVI group and LF/HF 3.3+/-2.6 before vs. 1.8+/-1.9 after ablation in the GP group). Relative to heart rate variability parameters, there were no differences between PVI and PVI + plus GP ablation.
- MeSH
- fibrilace síní diagnostické zobrazování terapie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace trendy MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
- srdeční katetrizace trendy MeSH
- srdeční síně diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- venae pulmonales diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
Autoři uvádějí případ vzácné vrozené kardiopulmonální anomálie. V diskusi jsou zvažována možná přidružená onemocnění, klinické projevy i možnosti diagnostiky. Kasuistika je dokumentována nálezy z rentgenu hrudníku, 2D i 3D výpočetní tomografie.
The authors present a case of a rare congenital cardiopulmonary anomaly. In the discussion section, possible associated disorders, clinical syndromes and diagnostic possibilities are considered. The case report is sup- ported by the chest radiograph and the 2D and 3D computer tomography scans.
BACKGROUND: The role of ECG-gating in left atrium (LA) computed tomography (MDCT) imaging is not precisely defined. METHODS AND RESULTS: 62 patients were randomized according to ECG gating with prospective evaluation of image quality, Volume CT Dose Index, Dose Length Product, Effective Dose and registration error between anatomical map and MDCT. We found significant difference in all radiation variables, but not in visual quality, registration error, CA duration, CA fluoroscopy time and CA fluoroscopy dose. CONCLUSION: Helical non-gated MDCT achieved a radiation dose more than four times lower with comparable image quality and course of ablation compared to ECG-gated protocol.
- MeSH
- elektrokardiografie * MeSH
- fibrilace síní * diagnostické zobrazování terapie MeSH
- katetrizační ablace MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- multidetektorová počítačová tomografie * MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- venae pulmonales diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
