This work describes the intricacies of the determination of the trimethylselenonium ion (TMSe) in human urine via high-performance liquid chromatography-hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS). By definition, this technique requires that the separated TMSe can be online converted into a volatile compound. Literature data for the determination of TMSe via the hydride generation technique are contradictory; i.e., some authors claim that direct formation of volatile compounds is possible under reduction with NaBH4, whereas others reported that a digestion step is mandatory prior to conversion. We studied and optimized the conditions for online conversion by varying the mobile phase composition (pyridine, phosphate, and acetate), testing different reaction coils, and optimizing the hydride generation conditions, although technically no hydride (H2Se) is formed but a dimethylselenide (DMSe). The optimized conditions were used for the analysis of 64 urine samples of 16 (unexposed) volunteers and the determination of low amounts of TMSe (LOD = 0.2 ng mL-1). Total (specific gravity-corrected) selenium concentrations in the urine samples ranged from 7.9 ± 0.7 to 29.7 ± 5.0 ng mL-1 for individual volunteers. Four volunteers were characterized as TMSe producers (hINMT genotype GA) and 12 were non-producers (hINMT genotype GG). Urine of TMSe producers contained 2.5 ± 1.7 ng mL-1 of TMSe, compared to 0.2 ± 0.2 ng mL-1 for non-producers.
- MeSH
- fluorescenční spektrometrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- selen * moč MeSH
- sloučeniny selenu * MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Se-Enriched defatted rapeseed (Se-DRS), a by-product of rapeseed oil production, is high in Se. This study aimed to detect possible changes in Se-metabolism after Se-DRS consumption and to assess its suitability as a Se supplement in monogaster feed. In this experiment, rats were fed three types of diets differing in Se-form: soybean meal, Se-salt and Se-DRS. Potential differences in Se-metabolism were evaluated based on the total Se concentrations along with non-protein Se speciation patterns in the urine and blood serum of the rats. The total Se concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Se compounds in the samples were identified through high-performance liquid chromatography/ICP-MS. The total Se excretion rate was dose-dependent, and excess of dietary Se was eliminated in the form of Se-sugar 1, regardless of the administered Se-form. The excretion dynamics of dietary selenomethionine (soybean meal) and methylselenocysteine (Se-DRS) were different to that of the mineral Se (Se-salt). The proportions of Se species in the urine were significantly influenced by the Se source. A specific metabolic pathway, resulting in urinary excretion of Se-sugar 2, was observed in animals fed Se-DRS. Neither the total Se concentrations nor the serum Se speciation patterns differed between the animals fed the conventional diet and those fed the Se-DRS-enriched diet. Based on these results, Se-DRS can be considered a suitable Se supplement for monogaster nutrition in Se-deficient regions.
- MeSH
- Brassica rapa chemie MeSH
- fortifikované potraviny * MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- potravní doplňky * MeSH
- přijímání potravy MeSH
- selen metabolismus moč MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
In the Czech Republic, the Human Biomonitoring Project (CZ-HBM) was launched in 1994 as an integral part of the nationwide Environmental Health Monitoring System (EHMS). Until now, the HBM covers two time periods: the first covered 1994-2003 and the second, 2005-2009. Altogether three population groups were included in the HBM: adults (blood donors aged 18-58 years), children aged 8-10 years, and breastfeeding primiparas. Sampling is organized on a yearly basis. Altogether three groups of biomarkers were analyzed: (a) selected heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg) and essential elements (Cu, Se, Zn) in blood and urine of adults and children, (b) indicator PCBs, DDT, DDE, HCB and HCHs in human milk and blood serum of adults and (c) cytogenetic changes in peripheral lymphocytes in blood of adults and children. This paper is focused on the general design of the CZ-HBM, the trends over time, and reference values. A significant downward time trend was observed for the blood lead levels in adults and children. Increased urinary cadmium levels were observed in Czech children compared to German children. The blood and urinary mercury levels were higher in women than in men. The levels of indicator PCB congeners in the Czech human milk samples were still higher than in most other European countries, because of existing hot spots. The levels of organochlorine pesticides showed a substantial continuous downward trend.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev moč MeSH
- chlorované uhlovodíky krev moč MeSH
- chromozomální aberace chemicky indukované MeSH
- cytogenetika MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kouření krev epidemiologie moč MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mléko chemie MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- pesticidy krev moč MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
- selen krev moč MeSH
- těžké kovy krev moč MeSH
- věkové rozložení MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí analýza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
V rámci biologického monitoringu byly v roce 2005 sledovány hladiny kadmia, olova, rtuti, mìdi, selenu a zinku v krvi a moèi dospìlé populace. Koncentrace kadmia v krvi kuøákù (medián) byla vyšší než u nekuøákù (1,30 vs. 0,50 μg/l). U žen byly nalezeny vyšší koncentrace kadmia v moèi ve srovnání s muži, u obou pohlaví byl pozorován vzestup hladin kadmia v moèi s vìkem. Koncentrace olova v krvi byly vyšší u mužù (35,4 μg/l) než u žen (26,6 μg/l) a stoupaly s vìkem. Koncentrace rtuti v krvi u mužù a žen byly 0,91 a 1,16 μg/l. Hladina selenu v krvi dospìlých byla 111 μg/l, hodnoty mìdi a zinku v krvi byly v normì a stabilizované. Muži mìli významnì nižší koncentrace mìdi v krvi ve srovnání se ženami neužívajícími a užívajícími orální antikoncepci (870 vs. 950 vs. 1305 μg/l).
In 2005 the concentrations of trace elements (cadmium, lead, mercury, copper, selenium, zinc) in blood and urine of adults were measured in the framework of the Biological Monitoring Project in the Czech Republic. Blood cadmium levels in adults were significantly influenced by smoking (medians 1.30 and 0.50 μg/l in smokers and non-smokers, respectively). The levels of cadmium in urine were higher in women than in men. Higher blood lead levels were observed in men (35,4 μg/l) in comparison to women (26,6 μg/l), plumbemia correlated with age. Blood mercury levels were 0.91 and 1.16 μg/l in men and women, respectively. Blood selenium levels were 111 μg/l. Blood copper and zinc levels are stabilized. Significantly lower blood copper levels were found in men in comparison with female non-users and users of oral contraception (870, 950 and 1305 μg/l, respectively).
- MeSH
- kadmium krev moč MeSH
- kontraceptiva orální MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- měď krev moč MeSH
- olovo krev moč MeSH
- poruchy vyvolané užíváním tabáku MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
- rtuť krev moč MeSH
- selen krev moč MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí MeSH
- xenobiotika krev moč MeSH
- zinek krev moč MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- hormony štítné žlázy analýza MeSH
- jod analýza moč MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
- selen krev moč nedostatek MeSH
- štítná žláza anatomie a histologie MeSH
- věkové rozložení MeSH
- vlasy, chlupy chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Interní grantové agentury MZ ČR
248 l. : tab., grafy, mapy ; 32 cm
Dokončení mapování stavu Se u obyvatel všech krajů ve věku 6-65 let v součinnosti se sledováním jódu bude provedeno před zahájením kroků k plošné nápravě Se deficitu. Resondáž dříve sledované oblasti zjistí dlouhodobý trend nutrice obou prvků. Bude sledován vztah mezi hladinami Se, I a hormony thytoidey. Získané poznatky budou využity pro návrh suplementace Se, k aplikaci v léčebných postupech i k využití v zemědělství. Sledování dalších prvků upřesní zátěž a schopnost obrany organismu.; Complex evaluation of Se and I status of inhabitants according locality, sex, and age, together with assess of nutritional trends of Se and I will be done. On this bases proposal of universal Se supplementation will be suggested. Relation between levelsof Se, I, and thyroid hormones will be studied. Results will be exploited both in selenium supplementation project and medical treatment. In addition, metals connected to selenium functions will be analysed in serum of inhabitants
- MeSH
- fortifikované potraviny MeSH
- jod moč nedostatek MeSH
- selen moč nedostatek MeSH
- stopové prvky nedostatek MeSH
- stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- epidemiologie
- endokrinologie
- nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR
