Neuroactive steroids are a group of steroid molecules that are involved in the regulation of functions of the nervous system. The nervous system is not only the site of their action, but their biosynthesis can also occur there. Neuroactive steroid levels depend not only on the physiological state of an individual (person's sex, age, diurnal variation, etc.), but they are also affected by various pathological processes in the nervous system (some neurological and psychiatric diseases or injuries), and new knowledge can be gained by monitoring these processes. The aim of our research was to develop and validate a comprehensive method for the simultaneous determination of selected steroids with neuroactive effects in human serum. The developed method enables high throughput and a sensitive quantitative analysis of nine neuroactive steroid substances (pregnenolone, progesterone, 5α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanolone, testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and epiandrosterone) in 150 μL of human serum by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The correlation coefficients above 0.999 indicated that the developed analytical procedure was linear in the range of 0.90 nmol/L to 28.46 μmol/L in human serum. The accuracy and precision of the method for all analytes ranged from 83 to 118% and from 0.9 to 14.1%, respectively. This described method could contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of various diseases. Similarly, it can also be helpful in the search for new biomarkers and diagnostic options or therapeutic approaches.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurosteroidy krev MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- steroidy krev analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie * metody MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The aim of the current research was to develop a simple and rapid mass spectrometry-based assay for the determination of 15 steroid hormones in human plasma in a single run, which would be suitable for a routine practice setting. For this purpose, we designed a procedure based on the 2D-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with a minimalistic sample pre-treatment. In our arrangement, the preparation of one sample takes only 10 min and can accommodate 40 samples per hour when tested in series. The following analytical run is 18 min long for all steroid hormones. In addition, we developed an independent analytical run for estradiol, significantly increasing the assay accuracy while taking an additional 10 min to perform an analytical run of a sample. The optimized method was applied to a set of human plasma samples, including chylous. Our results indicate the linearity of the method for all steroid hormones with squared regression coefficients R2 ≥ 0.995, within-run and between-run precision (RSD < 6.4%), and an accuracy of 92.9% to 106.2%. The absolute recovery for each analyzed steroid hormone ranged between 101.6% and 116.5%. The method detection limit for 15 steroid hormones ranged between 0.008 nmol/L (2.88 pg/mL) for aldosterone and 0.873 nmol/L (0.252 ng/mL) for DHEA. For all the analytes, the lowest calibration point relative standard deviation was less than 10.8%, indicating a good precision of the assay within the lowest concentration of interest. In conclusion, in this method article, we describe a simple, sensitive, and cost-effective 2D-LC/MS/MS method suitable for the routine analysis of a complex of steroid hormones allowing high analytical specificity and sensitivity despite minimal sample processing and short throughput times.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complication in pregnancy, but studies focused on the steroidome in patients with GDM are not available in the public domain. This article evaluates the steroidome in GDM+ and GDM- women and its changes from 24 weeks (± of gestation) to labor. The study included GDM+ (n = 44) and GDM- women (n = 33), in weeks 24-28, 30-36 of gestation and at labor and mixed umbilical blood after delivery. Steroidomic data (101 steroids quantified by GC-MS/MS) support the concept that the increasing diabetogenic effects with the approaching term are associated with mounting progesterone levels. The GDM+ group showed lower levels of testosterone (due to reduced AKR1C3 activity), estradiol (due to a shift from the HSD17B1 towards HSD17B2 activity), 7-oxygenated androgens (competing with cortisone for HSD11B1 and shifting the balance from diabetogenic cortisol towards the inactive cortisone), reduced activities of SRD5As, and CYP17A1 in the hydroxylase but higher CYP17A1 activity in the lyase step. With the approaching term, the authors found rising activities of CYP3A7, AKR1C1, CYP17A1 in its hydroxylase step, but a decline in its lyase step, rising conjugation of neuroinhibitory and pregnancy-stabilizing steroids and weakening AKR1D1 activity.
- MeSH
- 20-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenasy metabolismus MeSH
- chromatografie plynová MeSH
- cytochrom P-450 CYP3A metabolismus MeSH
- druhý trimestr těhotenství metabolismus MeSH
- gestační diabetes metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolomika metody MeSH
- oxidoreduktasy metabolismus MeSH
- steroid-17-alfa-hydroxylasa metabolismus MeSH
- steroidy analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- analytická chemie dějiny normy MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické dějiny metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- chromatografie dějiny metody MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie metody MeSH
- nemoci endokrinního systému krev moč MeSH
- radioimunoanalýza dějiny metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- steroidy * analýza krev moč MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This review summarizes achievements in electrochemistry-related research of steroid-based compounds in clinical, pharmaceutical, and environmental analysis. Special attention is paid to compounds possessing none or only isolated double bonds at the steroid core. Their direct redox activity is limited to far positive/negative potentials under variety of conditions and electrode materials and relies on the functional groups attached to the steroid skeleton, or as the case may be its double bond or moieties present at the side chain. The possibilities of electroanalytical methods in sterol characterization and analysis are demonstrated in a table with 31 references devoted to direct voltammetric and amperometric methods of oxidation of cholesterol, phytosterols, oxysterols, and related compounds at carbon-based and metal-based nanoparticles modified electrodes, and the reduction of bile acids and their conjugates at mercury-based electrodes, and modified glassy carbon electrodes. Furthermore, methods based on the indirect oxidation of cholesterol using bromine species as a mediator at platinum electrode and non-enzymatic cholesterol biosensors are reviewed. Their drawbacks and benefits are discussed with respect to the challenging task of identification and quantitation of these compounds in biological matrices, otherwise mostly performed using expensive mass spectrometric techniques preceded by a chromatographic separation step.
- MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- cholesterol analýza MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- fytosteroly analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- steroidy analýza MeSH
- žlučové kyseliny a soli analýza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Interní grantové agentury MZ ČR
1 svazek : ilustrace tabulky ; 30 cm
Cílem projektu je přispět k poznání společných patogenetických faktorů Alzheimerovy choroby (AD) a diabetu 2. typu (DM2). Předmětem projektu bude: 1) Stanovení rozšířeného spektra steroidních hormonů v séru pacientů s AD, DM2 a odpovídajících zdravých kontrolních jedinců a studium předpokládaných asociací s oběma onemocněními. 2) Na základě stanovení sérových steroidů, aminothiolů a parametrů glukózového a lipidového metabolismu a za využití sofistikovaných statistických metod vytvoření prediktivního modelu AD. 3) Pomocí takto zjištěných biomarkerů vytipování osob v riziku AD v souboru potomků pacientů s AD a potomků diabetiků 2. typu a porovnání s výskytem rizikových osob v kontrolním souboru, studium širších metabolických a genetických souvislostí. 4) Zjištění frekvencí vybraných rizikových polymorfismů kandidátních genů pro AD v české populaci s různým stupněm glukózové tolerance a studium vztahů genotyp – fenotyp.; The proposed study aims to improve understanding of pathogenetic factors common for AD and DM2 on the genetic and metabolic level. The subject is: 1) Determination of the broad spectrum of serum steroid hormones in AD and DM2 patients, in the corresponding healthy individuals and the analyses of the expected relations between the two diseases. 2) Construction of the predictive AD model based on levels of serum steroids, aminothiols and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism using advanced analytical and statistical methods. 3) Use the revealed biomarkers for identification of individuals with a higher risk of AD in cohorts of AD offspring and DM2 offspring, and compare with the incidence of individuals at high risk in the control group. Study of broader metabolic and genetic relations. 4) Evaluation of the frequency of the selected risk-conferring polymorphisms in the AD candidate genes in the Czech population with a variable degree of glucose tolerance; study of the genotype-phenotype relations.
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc genetika MeSH
- amyloidní beta-protein MeSH
- biochemické jevy MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu genetika MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- metabolismus lipidů MeSH
- patologie MeSH
- polymorfismus genetický MeSH
- poruchy metabolismu glukózy MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- steroidy analýza krev MeSH
- Konspekt
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- NLK Obory
- molekulární biologie, molekulární medicína
- biochemie
- neurologie
- diabetologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Interní grantové agentury MZ ČR
1 svazek : ilustrace, tabulky ; 30 cm
Analýza neurosteroidů má velký význam v klinické diagnostice celé řady endokrinních onemocnění. Mnohem menší pozornost byla dosud věnována výzkumu jejich konjugovaných forem reprezentovaných zejména glukuronidy a sulfáty. Tyto kyselé metabolity kolují vtělních tekutinách a buňkách v koncentracích, často řádově vyšších než volné steroidy a jejich robustní analýza představuje dosud problém. Předkladatel se spolunavrhovatelem vypracují a zvalidují nové postupy zpracování klinických vzorků moči a krve se zaměřením na rychlé profilování steroidních konjugátů pomocí techniky UPLC/MS/MS. Nová diagnostická metoda bude otestována při vyšetření vybranných endokrinních onemocnění a vyhodnocena její perspektiva v klinické diagnostice.; The project is focused on the development of new methods for simultaneous quantification of steroid metabolome with particular attention on the polar conjugates of neuroactive steroids in body fluids. These novel methods will serve as a basis for the construction of multivariate models enabling simultaneous prediction of various forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, postpartum mental disorders and intrahepatic cholestasis. The proposed project is in accordance with priorities of the Departmental program of the Czech Ministry of Health in the theme ?Disturbances of metabolism and nutrition, endocrine disorders and diabetes mellitus? involving the research in the field of neuroendocrine and immunoendocrine diseases. In addition our project agree withthe priorities of the theme ?Pediatrics and genetics? and with the priorities of the theme ?Neurology, psychiatry, psycho-social questions, geriatrics?.
- MeSH
- časná diagnóza MeSH
- glukuronidy analýza MeSH
- intrahepatální cholestáza diagnóza MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
- kongenitální adrenální hyperplazie diagnóza MeSH
- metabolom MeSH
- nemoci endokrinního systému MeSH
- neurotransmiterové látky analýza diagnostické užití krev moč MeSH
- poruchy v puerperiu diagnóza MeSH
- simulace molekulového dockingu MeSH
- sírany analýza MeSH
- steroidy analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- endokrinologie
- diagnostika
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR
In the last decade, several immunoassays have been published as the alternative/complementary rapid methods for steroid analysis in food supplements. The present review shows a significant amount of food supplements containing banned anabolic androgenic steroids that are not declared as ingredients thus presenting risk for consumers and may lead to positive results in anti-doping controls. Traditional methods for analysis of steroids such as LC/MS and GC/MS were used for monitoring suspect food supplements.
- MeSH
- anabolika * aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- chromatografie afinitní metody využití MeSH
- chromatografie plynová metody využití MeSH
- doping ve sportu * MeSH
- ELISA metody využití MeSH
- hypertenze chemicky indukované MeSH
- infertilita chemicky indukované MeSH
- koagulopatie chemicky indukované MeSH
- lékové postižení jater MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění šlachy chemicky indukované MeSH
- poruchy metabolismu lipidů chemicky indukované MeSH
- potravní doplňky * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- steroidy * analýza MeSH
- testosteron * analogy a deriváty škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zákonodárství lékové MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Testosteron, patřící do skupiny steroidních hormonů, je u mužů produkován především v Leydigových buňkách. Jeho účinky lze dělit na androgenní (např. sekundární pohlavní znaky) a anabolické (stimulace proteosyntézy, rychlá regenerace). Právě kvůli anabolickým účinkům je často nezákonně zneužíván. Stanovení hladiny testosteronu se provádí metodami chromatografickými nebo stálé populárnějšími imunochemickými, které se vyznačují svou jednoduchostí a především nižšími náklady.
Testosterone, which belongs to the group of steroid hormones, is among men produced in Leydig cells. Its effects can be identified either as androgenic (e.g. secondary sex characteristic) or anabolic (stimulation of proteosynthesis, fast regeneration). Especially because of anabolic effect it has been largely illegally used. Determination of testosterone level is performed by chromatography methods or nowadays by more popular immunochemical methods, which are simpler and have lower costs.
- MeSH
- chromatografie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hypogonadismus farmakoterapie MeSH
- imunologické techniky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- luminiscenční měření MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- steroidy analýza fyziologie klasifikace MeSH
- testosteron * analýza biosyntéza fyziologie krev nedostatek MeSH
- věkové rozložení MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
The data on hormonal steroids in the human seminal plasma and their role in spermatogenesis are summarized. The seminal steroid levels need not correlate with the blood plasma levels. The recent reports showed that androgen, especially dihydrotestosterone, and the estrogen levels in the seminal fluid may be used as the markers of spermatogenesis impairment. The estradiol concentration in the seminal plasma was higher than in the blood plasma, and its levels were significantly increased in men with impaired spermatogenesis. A good indicator for predicting the normal spermatogenesis, therefore, seems to be the testosterone/estradiol ratio. The seminal plasma also contains significant amounts of cortisol, which influences the androgen biosynthesis through its receptors in the Leydig cells. The local balance between cortisol and inactive cortisone is regulated by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, the activity of which may be affected by the environmental chemicals acting as the endocrine disruptors (EDCs). These compounds are believed to participate in worsening the semen quality - the sperm count, motility, and morphology, as witnessed in the recent last decades. As to the steroids' role in the testis, the EDCs may act as antiandrogens by inhibiting the enzymes of testosterone biosynthesis, as the agonists or antagonists through their interaction with the steroid hormone receptors, or at the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Surprisingly, though the EDCs affect the steroid action in the testis, there is no report of a direct association between the concentrations of steroids and the EDCs in the seminal fluid. Therefore, measuring the steroids in the semen, along with the various EDCs, could help us better understand the role of the EDCs in the male reproduction.
- MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rozmnožování MeSH
- sperma chemie cytologie metabolismus MeSH
- spermatogeneze * MeSH
- steroidy analýza metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH