This study aimed to compare the fascicular anatomy of upper limb nerves visualized using in situ high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) with ex vivo imaging modalities, namely, magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM), histological cross-sections (HCS), and optical projection tomography (OPT). The median, ulnar, and superficial branch of radial nerve (n = 41) were visualized in 14 cadaveric upper limbs using 22-MHz HRUS. Subsequently, the nerves were excised, imaged with different microscopic techniques, and their morphometric properties were compared. HRUS accurately differentiated 51-74% of fascicles, while MRM detected 87-92% of fascicles when compared to the referential HCS. Among the compared modalities, HRUS demonstrated the smallest fascicular ratios and fascicular cross-sectional areas, but the largest nerve cross-sectional areas. The probability of a fascicle depicted on HRUS representing a cluster of multiple fascicles on the referential HCS increased with the fascicular size, with some differences observed between the larger median and ulnar nerves and the smaller radial nerves. Accordingly, HRUS fascicle differentiation necessitates cautious interpretation, as larger fascicles are more likely to represent clusters. Although HCS is considered the reference modality, alterations in nerve cross-sectional areas or roundness during sample processing should be acknowledged.

• MeSH
• Upper Extremity * innervation   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods   MeSH
• Microscopy methods   MeSH
• Cadaver MeSH
• Median Nerve diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Radial Nerve * diagnostic imaging   anatomy & histology   MeSH
• Ulnar Nerve * diagnostic imaging   anatomy & histology   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Ultrasonography * methods   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Upper Extremity diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Correlation of Data MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Radiography, Panoramic MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Age Determination by Skeleton methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Age Determination by Teeth * methods   MeSH
• Age Factors MeSH
• Child Development MeSH
• Tooth growth & development   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Clinical Study MeSH

Transection of the radial nerve is frequently associated with humeral shaft fractures that are part of a very complex upper extremity injury. In the presented case, a 19-year-old man with a 10-cm radial nerve defect with a need for nerve grafting to recover complete sensory and motor deficit of the radial nerve. In our case, at the same time we provided the tendon transfer of musculus (m.) pronator teres to m. extensor carpi radialis brevis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris to m. extensor digitorum communis, m. palmaris longus to m. extensor pollicis longus, and long sural nerve graft because of an extensive zone of the injury. The assumption was that if these two procedures are performed in one surgery, it will accelerate overall recovery, restore the functionality of the upper limb more quickly, and thus enable a faster recovery.

• MeSH
• Transplantation, Autologous methods   MeSH
• Humeral Fractures surgery   therapy   MeSH
• Upper Extremity surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   injuries   MeSH
• Muscle, Skeletal surgery   transplantation   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Radial Nerve * surgery   pathology   transplantation   MeSH
• Sural Nerve surgery   transplantation   MeSH
• Neurosurgical Procedures methods   MeSH
• Tendon Transfer methods   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

Selektivní koronarografie je běžně prováděné vyšetření s nízkým rizikem závažných komplikací.1 V posledních letech se jako dominantní přístup vzhledem k nejmenšímu riziku lokálních komplikací a komfortu pa- cienta využívá transradiální cesta. Z lokálních komplikací tohoto přístupu se nejčastěji jedná o spasmus, okluzi radiální tepny (ORA) a neokluzivní poškození. Ve vzácných případech je to pak perforace cévy, pseudoaneurysma, arteriovenózní (AV) fistule, poškození nervu, tromboembolizace nebo větší krvácení.2,3 V naší kazuistice chceme ukázat na příklad, kdy došlo po několika letech k náhodnému objevení pseudoaneurysmatu radiální tepny jako iatrogenní komplikaci po předchozím invazivním katetrizačním vyšetření. Většina těchto cévních komplikací je oligo- až asymptomatická, nicméně může být i potenciálně riziková. Proto je stále nutné dbát na jasnou indikaci invazivního katetrizačního vyšetření a převyšující benefit nad případnými riziky pro pacienta.

Selective coronary angiography is a routine examination with a low risk of serious complications.1 In recent years, with regards to minimizing the risk of local complications and comfort of the patient, the transradial access has been used as the dominant approach. Among the local complications of this approach the most frequent are spasm, radial artery occlusion (ORA), and non-occlusive damage. In rare cases, it is a vessel perforation, pseudoaneurysm, AV fistula, nerve damage, thromboembolization or major bleeding.2,3 In our case study, we want to show an example where, after several years, a pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery occurred accidentally, as an iatrogenic complication after a previous invasive catheterization examination. Majority of these vascular complications are oligo- to asymptomatic, but can be also potentially risky. Therefore, it is still necessary to pay attention to a clear indication of an invasive catheterization examination and the necessity that benefit for the patient outweighs the possible risks.

• MeSH
• Angiography * methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Radial Artery pathology   MeSH
• Medical Errors adverse effects   MeSH
• Upper Extremity diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Catheterization methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Aneurysm, False * diagnostic imaging   pathology   therapy   MeSH
• Delayed Diagnosis MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Ultrasonography MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH

ABSTRACT: Intramuscular hemangiomas are benign soft tissue tumors that are rarely found in the upper limbs. Diagnosing these tumors may be challenging owing to their pertinent nonspecific symptoms-often leading to misdiagnoses like tendinitis or muscle strain. In this article, two cases of intramuscular hemangiomas are presented-one in flexor pollicis brevis muscle and the other one in flexor digitorum superficialis muscle. Both subjects had nonspecific clinical symptoms whereby ultrasound imaging led to prompt diagnosis. To this end, the authors strongly advocate sonographic examination as an extension of physical examination in the daily clinical practice of musculoskeletal physicians.

• MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Hemangioma diagnostic imaging   therapy   MeSH
• Upper Extremity diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Ultrasonography MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Case Reports MeSH

• Keywords
• laloková plastika,
• MeSH
• Achilles Tendon surgery   pathology   MeSH
• Leg surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Surgical Flaps * surgery   adverse effects   MeSH
• Lower Extremity anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   pathology   injuries   MeSH
• Femur surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   injuries   MeSH
• Fractures, Bone surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Upper Extremity anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   pathology   injuries   MeSH
• Humerus anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   MeSH
• Clavicle surgery   MeSH
• Extremities anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   pathology   injuries   MeSH
• Muscle, Skeletal surgery   MeSH
• Foot Bones anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   injuries   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Metacarpal Bones surgery   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Metacarpus surgery   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Metatarsophalangeal Joint surgery   MeSH
• Foot anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   pathology   MeSH
• Orthopedic Procedures methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Osteomyelitis surgery   MeSH
• Calcaneus anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   pathology   injuries   MeSH
• Surgery, Plastic methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Lunate Bone surgery   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Leg Injuries surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Foot Injuries surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Forearm Injuries surgery   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Finger Injuries surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Hand Injuries surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Fingers surgery   diagnostic imaging   blood supply   pathology   transplantation   MeSH
• Pseudarthrosis surgery   diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Hand surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Thigh surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   injuries   MeSH
• Talus anatomy & histology   surgery   diagnostic imaging   injuries   MeSH
• Tarsal Bones surgery   diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Plastic Surgery Procedures methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Wrist anatomy & histology   diagnostic imaging   innervation   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH
• Review MeSH

Příručka se zaměřuje na muskuloskeletální ultrazvuk horní končetiny a ruky. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.

• MeSH
• Upper Extremity diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Hand diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Ultrasonography methods   MeSH
• Publication type
• Handbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• radiologie, nukleární medicína a zobrazovací metody
• NML Publication type
• kolektivní monografie

Autoři popisují případ 68letého pacienta s jednostranným otokem, barevnými změnami kůže a podkožními uzly na horní končetině. Klinický obraz, sérologické a bioptické vyšetření kůže prokázaly acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans s fibrózními uzly a známky prodělané neuroboreliózy. Léčba antibiotiky vedla k ústupu obtíží. Předkládáme krátký souhrn poznatků o tomto onemocnění.

The authors present a case of a 68-year-old patient with unilateral upper extremity oedema, skin color changes and subcutaneous nodules. The clinical appearance, serologic and histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans with fibrous nodules and signs of neuroborreliosis history. Antibiotic treatment led to the regression of symptoms. We present short overwiew of current knowledge of this disease.

• MeSH
• Acrodermatitis * diagnosis   drug therapy   pathology   MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Chronic Disease * MeSH
• Edema diagnosis   therapy   MeSH
• Fibrosis diagnosis   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Upper Extremity diagnostic imaging   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lyme Disease diagnosis   drug therapy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Arthralgia diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Early Diagnosis * MeSH
• Upper Extremity diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging * MeSH
• Osteitis diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Predictive Value of Tests MeSH
• Disease Progression MeSH
• Arthritis, Rheumatoid * diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Synovitis diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Tenosynovitis diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

Ischemická choroba horních končetin (ICHHK) je poměrně málo časté onemocnění s širokou škálou příčin. Cílem předkládaného článku je podat základní vhled do problematiky, především pak do diferenciální diagnostiky. Na rozdíl od ischemické choroby dolních končetin se často setkáváme s neaterosklerotickými příčinami ischemie (vaskulitidami, iatrogenním postižením, traumaty), v úvodu práce je proto podán jejich přehled. Další částí článku je nástin diagnostického postupu u pacientů se symptomy končetinové ischemie se zaměřením na specifika jednotlivých onemocnění. Práce zmiňuje i možnosti terapie, stručně a s ohledem na jejich praktické využití lékaři mimo obor angiologie a cévní chirurgie.

Upper limb ischemia belongs to relatively infrequent group of diseases with wide range of possible causes. The goal of the following article is to provide basic insight into this topic, especially into its differential diagnostics. As compared to the lower limb ischemia, the non‑atherosclerotic causes of disease (like vasculitis, iatrogenic injuries, trauma), are more frequent, therefore we provide their list at the begining of the article. Second part of the article – diagnostic work‑up in patients presenting with upper limb ischemia symptoms and treatment modalities in these patients – has an ambition to serve as a practical tool for specialists outside the field of angiology and vascular surgery.

• MeSH
• Diagnostic Imaging methods   instrumentation   MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Fibromuscular Dysplasia diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Physical Examination methods   MeSH
• Upper Extremity diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Iatrogenic Disease MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Peripheral Arterial Disease * diagnostic imaging   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Embolism, Paradoxical diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Raynaud Disease history   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Thoracic Outlet Syndrome diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Takayasu Arteritis diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Thromboangiitis Obliterans diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Vasculitis diagnostic imaging   physiopathology   pathology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH