Antisteatotic effects of omega-3 fatty acids (Omega-3) in obese rodents seem to vary depending on the lipid form of their administration. Whether these effects could reflect changes in intestinal metabolism is unknown. Here, we compare Omega-3-containing phospholipids (krill oil; ω3PL-H) and triacylglycerols (ω3TG) in terms of their effects on morphology, gene expression and fatty acid (FA) oxidation in the small intestine. Male C57BL/6N mice were fed for 8 weeks with a high-fat diet (HFD) alone or supplemented with 30 mg/g diet of ω3TG or ω3PL-H. Omega-3 index, reflecting the bioavailability of Omega-3, reached 12.5% and 7.5% in the ω3PL-H and ω3TG groups, respectively. Compared to HFD mice, ω3PL-H but not ω3TG animals had lower body weight gain (-40%), mesenteric adipose tissue (-43%), and hepatic lipid content (-64%). The highest number and expression level of regulated intestinal genes was observed in ω3PL-H mice. The expression of FA ω-oxidation genes was enhanced in both Omega-3-supplemented groups, but gene expression within the FA β-oxidation pathway and functional palmitate oxidation in the proximal ileum was significantly increased only in ω3PL-H mice. In conclusion, enhanced intestinal FA oxidation could contribute to the strong antisteatotic effects of Omega-3 when administered as phospholipids to dietary obese mice.
- MeSH
- Diet, High-Fat * MeSH
- Erythrocyte Membrane metabolism MeSH
- Euphausiacea MeSH
- Phospholipids administration & dosage MeSH
- Blood Glucose analysis MeSH
- Fatty Acids metabolism MeSH
- Lipid Metabolism drug effects MeSH
- Mice, Obese MeSH
- Oils MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3 administration & dosage MeSH
- Oxidation-Reduction MeSH
- Intestines anatomy & histology MeSH
- Intestinal Mucosa metabolism MeSH
- Body Weight MeSH
- Triglycerides administration & dosage MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy MeSH
- Adipose Tissue, Brown * drug effects MeSH
- Hypoglycemic Agents MeSH
- Insulin Resistance * MeSH
- Lipolysis drug effects MeSH
- Metformin * pharmacokinetics pharmacology MeSH
- Disease Models, Animal MeSH
- Triglycerides administration & dosage metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Male MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- MeSH
- Amino Acids administration & dosage history pharmacokinetics MeSH
- Arteriosclerosis drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 classification complications therapy MeSH
- Fenofibrate agonists administration & dosage pharmacokinetics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Lipoproteins, HDL physiology metabolism MeSH
- Triglycerides administration & dosage pharmacokinetics classification MeSH
- Research Design MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Comparative Study MeSH
