OBJECTIVES: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a serious cerebrovascular disease. Due to the variability of clinical symptoms and the scarcity of occurrence, this diagnosis is often delayed. The aim of the study was to describe the risk factors, the initial findings and the imaging methods that lead to the diagnosis. METHODS: We included 34 patients treated for cerebral venous thrombosis in the years 2004-2016. We retrospectively analyzed demographic data, initial clinical symptoms, baseline D-dimer levels, risk factors, time to diagnosis, and MR findings. RESULTS: The most common initial clinical symptom was headache (28 patients, 82.4%). Focal neurological symptoms or signs of encephalopathy developed in 22 patients (64.7%). In 26 patients, we identified at least one risk factor in their history. In women of childbearing potential, 68% of patients (15/22) were taking hormonal contraceptives; in six people the diagnosis was immediately preceded by inflammation. In all patients, the diagnosis was confirmed by MR venography. Positive hereditary thrombophilic conditions were identified in 68% and acquired in 8% of 25 examined patients. In 22 cases, baseline D-dimer levels were examined and found to be increased in 86% of them. The mean time from the first onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 6.9 days. CONCLUSION: Cerebral venous thrombosis has a variable clinical course and the diagnosis is determined a relatively long time after the onset of symptoms. Atypical headache in the patient's history and a set of risk factors are the key findings for indication of imaging methods and confirmation of the diagnosis.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• intrakraniální trombóza komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozek krevní zásobení   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• žilní trombóza komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of three different sizes of platinum nanoparticles on aquatic ecosystem and assess the toxic effect in term of particle size. Tests were conducted on organisms representing all trophic levels of the aquatic ecosystem, namely producers (duckweed Lemna minor), consumers (water fleas Daphnia magna) and decomposers (bacteria Vibrio fischeri). DESIGN: Experiments were carried out methodologically in accordance with the following standards: OECD 221 guideline (Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition test), OECD 202 guideline (Inhibition of the mobility of Daphnia magna) and ISO 11348-2 (Inhibitory effect of platinum nanoparticles on the light emission of Vibrio fischeri). RESULTS: The most toxic have been the smallest sized platinum nanoparticles for all tested organisms. The highest toxicity of all tested samples (Pt1, Pt2, Pt3) was observed in bacteria (30´EC50 = 135.47; 167.94; 254.64 µg.L-1), respectively. The lowest toxicity was recorded for Daphnia (48hEC50 = 405.74; 413.24; 514.07 µg.L-1), respectively. CONCLUSION: The ecotoxicity of platinum nanoparticles varies considerably according to the test organisms and particle size.

• MeSH
• Aliivibrio fischeri MeSH
• Daphnia MeSH
• kovové nanočástice chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• látky znečišťující vodu toxicita   MeSH
• platina chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• společenstvo MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine toxicity of wastewater from hospitals in the Czech Republic using traditional and alternative toxicological methods. The pilot study comprised weekly dynamics of sewage ecotoxicity of treated wastewater from one hospital in two different seasons. A detailed investigation of wastewater ecotoxicity, genotoxicity and reprotoxicity followed in five different hospitals. METHODS: The seven following bioassays were used in this study: algal growth inhibition test (ISO 8692), Vibrio fischeri test (ISO 11348-2), Daphnia magna acute toxicity test (ISO 6341), Allium cepa assay, Ames test (OECD TG 471), Comet assay and YES/YAS assay. RESULTS: The wastewater ecotoxicity during one week showed no differences in separate working days, however, higher toxicity values were recorded in May compared to November. In the following study, samples from two of the five hospitals were classified as toxic, the others as non toxic. Genotoxicity has not been confirmed in any sample. In several cases, wastewater samples exhibited agonist activity to the estrogen and androgen receptors. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated different levels of toxicity of treated hospital wastewater. Variable sensitivity of individual bioassays for tested wastewater samples was recognized. A more extensive study including proposal for improvement of hospital wastewater treatment within the Czech Republic can be recommended with the aim to decrease the discharge of toxic chemicals into the local sewage system and the environment.

• MeSH
• Aliivibrio fischeri fyziologie   MeSH
• biotest metody   MeSH
• česneky fyziologie   MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• Chlorophyceae fyziologie   MeSH
• Daphnia fyziologie   MeSH
• nemocnice MeSH
• odpadní voda analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• odstraňování zdravotnického odpadu MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to detect endocrine disruption potential of selected bisphenols and phthalates, compare in silico prediction with results from two in vitro methods and bring up-to-date information on development of EU legislation, available in vitro methods and biomechanisms involved in endocrine disruption. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In silico approach based on the OECD QSAR Toolbox was used for prediction of estrogen receptor α binding. OECD TG 455 assay and a yeast-based YES/YAS assay was used to determine the interactions with human estrogen (ERα) and androgen receptors. RESULTS: In silico results predicted the screened phthalates as non binders and bisphenols as very strong binders of the ERα. In vitro results differed from in silico prediction in several cases but exhibited concordance mainly for strong binders of ERα. Most of the substances exhibited parallel activity (agonist-antagonist) on both estrogen and androgen receptors. Agonistic studies showed the effective concentration of 10% activity (EC10) from 5.0E-07 for strong agonists (e.g. BPC, BPTMC). Cytotoxicity was observed after 48 h exposure of S. cerevisiae to BPFL, BPG, BPM, BPTMC in concentrations starting at 3.6E-05 mol/l. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest multiple parallel interactions of tested compounds and emphasize the importance of determination of an appropriate battery of in vitro methods that will include more receptors and will be appropriate to target specific molecular mechanisms involved in endocrine disruption. Results in agonistic studies indicate agonistic potential and are supported by results of antagonistic studies with consideration of possible multiple interactions.

• MeSH
• alfa receptor estrogenů metabolismus   MeSH
• androgenní receptory metabolismus   MeSH
• androgeny metabolismus   MeSH
• biotest metody   MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory metabolismus   MeSH
• estrogeny metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular diseases constitute the main cause of disability and premature death worldwide. Those diseases will continue to endanger health unless the public understands clearly and completely which risk factors contribute to the development of these diseases and what they can do to avoid these risks. This article assesses the understanding of risk factors that can lead to the development of heart and vessel diseases. METHODS: A non-standardized questionnaire was used for data collection. The respondents expressed their opinions on influenceable factors using a five-degree Likert scale. The research set included 1,992 respondents. Data were statistically analyzed using the SASD program, version 1.4.12. To calculate the level of dependence of the selected characteristics, the Wallis, and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated. The goodness-of-fit χ2 was applied as well. RESULTS: The results show that 66.8% of respondents go walking for at least 30 minutes on 5 or more days per week. Respondents from lower age groups reported significantly more (p < 0.001) walking. The comparison of mean values showed that Czech citizens aged 40 or more years express the highest agreement with the statement that they could prevent heart and vessel diseases by modifying their eating habits. The results further showed that 25.8% of Czech citizens smoked and that men smoked significantly more (29.6%) than women (22.5%). More than one-half (60.1%) reported drinking alcohol occasionally; the remaining respondents reported drinking alcohol 3-4 times a month or more often. Men reported drinking beer significantly more often (p < 0.001) than women, while women reported drinking wine significantly more often (p < 0.001) than men. CONCLUSIONS: Respondents aged 40 or more years were aware of some, but not all, of the risk factors that can influence the development of cardiovascular diseases. They accepted that they could prevent heart and vessel diseases by modifying their eating habits, however, their opinions regarding exercise differed from professional recommendations. Two-thirds of the respondents stated that smoking could also influence heart and vessel diseases. The study suggests that primary care providers need to put more effort into educating their patients regarding steps that can be to influence their own health.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci etiologie   MeSH
• kouření MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pití alkoholu škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky * MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti fyziologie   MeSH
• uvědomování si fyziologie   MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
• životní styl * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were to assess the kinematics of the lower limbs and pelvis during normal walking in professional ballet dancers and to investigate relationships between movements of segments of the lower limbs and pelvis. METHODS: Thirty one professional ballet dancers and twenty eight controls completed five walking trials at their preferred speed. Kinematic data in the basic anatomical planes for ankle, knee, and hip joints as well as for the pelvis were collected with an optoelectronic motion system. RESULTS: The female ballet dancers had in comparison with the controls significantly larger (p < 0.01) knee flexion in the swing phase and hip abduction in the preswing phase. Compared to the control group, the male ballet dancers had significantly larger dorsiflexion in the final stance and the total pelvic tilt range of motion. The number of significant correlations between kinematic parameters was higher in the female ballet dancers. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that specific movement techniques and compensatory strategies used in ballet dance can alter relationships between movements of segments of the lower limbs during normal walking. The relationships between movements in the joints of the lower limbs and pelvis are stronger in women.

• MeSH
• biomechanika fyziologie   MeSH
• chůze (způsob) fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hlezenní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• koleno fyziologie   MeSH
• kyčelní kloub fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• postura těla fyziologie   MeSH
• rozsah kloubních pohybů fyziologie   MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• tanec * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Biomonitoring of some slelected heavy metals in the Smeda river (Czech Republic) was carried out during 2015-2016 to assess the extent of environmental pollution. Attempts were also made to map the intensity of bioaccumulation in brown trout which was used as an indicator species. Monitoring of the environmental pollution of the Smeda river was carried in 2016. DESIGN: Concentrations of some heavy metals i.e. Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Cobalt (Co) were quantified in the fish muscles. Correlations (Pearsons, 2-tailed) among selected metals with some morphometric parameters (standard length and total weight) in brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) were also examined. RESULTS: Results showed a significant positive correlation between concentrations of Hg, Pb (group-I) and Pb, Cd (group-II) with the muscles and age of fishes (p<0.05). The groups of heavy metals i.e. group-I (Hg and Pb) and group-II (Pb and Cd) were purposively synthesized for better inference of the data since Pb formed significant (p<0.05) but distinct positive correlations with Hg and Cd. The contents of the analyzed metals in brown trout muscles were low Hg 0.06-0.5; Pb 0.01-0.3; Cd 0.01-0.04 and Co 0.01-0.03 mg.kg-1 wet weight basis and did not exceed the values of limits admissible in the Codex Alimentarius for safe human consumption except in the case of Hg which is little vulnerable to reach critical limit. CONCLUSIONS: The contents of the analyzed metals in Brown trout muscles were lower at monitoring sites and did not exceed the values of limits admissible in the Czech Republic. Potential ecological risk analysis of toxic metals concentrations in sediments suggested only two sites (2 and 3) with elevated values that posed a midlle environmental risks. Strict periodical monitoring of Hg levels in the selected stretches of the River Smeda is recommended.

• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   MeSH
• chemické znečištění vody analýza   MeSH
• ekosystém * MeSH
• otrava těžkými kovy MeSH
• řeky MeSH
• ryby MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

We report the case of an encephalitis patient with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody positivity. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is a relatively rare autoimmune disease. In our patient, the diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis was established as late as several months after the first manifestations of the condition. Further development demonstrated that the patient probably suffered from a paraneoplastic form of the disease, although the presence of an underlying tumour was not detected by the available imaging methods at the time of diagnosis. The case is a rarity since the disease usually affects females, and only 5% of adult male patients have a paraneoplastic aetiology.

• MeSH
• autoprotilátky imunologie   MeSH
• encefalitida s protilátkami proti NMDA receptorům diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocyty cytologie   MeSH
• nádory mozku komplikace   diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• psychotické poruchy etiologie   imunologie   MeSH
• receptory N-methyl-D-aspartátu imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the investigation was to explore the relationship between positive or negative symptoms, social anxiety, hope, personality, and self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. METHOD: 57 outpatients took part in this cross-sectional study. The structured interview M.I.N.I. International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to confirm the diagnosis. All patients completed the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, and Temperament and Character Inventory - Revised. The disorder severity was evaluated by Clinical Global Impression - Severity scale, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The patients were in a stabilized state that did not require hospitalization or modifications in the treatment. RESULTS: Both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia positively correlated with the length of the disorder, global severity of the disorder, the severity of the general and social anxiety symptoms, the severity of self-stigma, and negatively with personality traits Self-directedness and Cooperativeness. Only negative symptoms significantly positively correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms and personality trait Harm-avoidance and negatively with the hope and personality trait Persistence. Comorbidity with social phobia is associated with statistically significantly higher mean scores on the total score of schizophrenic symptomatology, negative subscale average rating, and general psychopathological items measured by PANSS. Patient with comorbid depression would experience a higher level of negative symptomatology than patients without such comorbidity.

• MeSH
• antipsychotika terapeutické užití   MeSH
• deprese etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interview psychologický MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• osobnost * MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
• schizofrenie (psychologie) * MeSH
• schizofrenie komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• sebepojetí * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sociálně-úzkostná porucha etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• úzkost etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Increasing muscular hypertrophy is one of the main reasons for participating in a resistance training program, where different movement task such as eccentric cadences may serve as a potent hypertrophic stimulus and improve movement stability. Aim of this study was to investigate the physiological responses between slow 6/0/2/0 (SLOW) and moderate 2/0/2/0 (REG) eccentric cadences during five sets of bench press to failure using 70% 1 repetition maximum (1RM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples from sixteen men (21-29y, 85.9±7.7kg, 130±17.5kg bench press 1RM) with at least five years of resistance training experience were taken before, immediately after, 30 min after, and 60 min after both protocols in a randomized cross over study design. RESULTS: ANOVA showed that more repetitions were performed during each set in REG and for the entire REG protocol (p<0.001), but total time under tension was greater during SLOW in each set and for the entire protocol (p<0.001). The post-exercise levels of lactate (p=0.02), creatine kinase (p=0.04), and testosterone (p=0.01) were greater after SLOW. Post-exercise cortisol levels decreased in both protocols (p<0.001), but these decreases were not significantly different between protocols. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, intentionally slow eccentric speeds and increased eccentric time under tension seem to be effective for increasing acute hormonal responses after exercise. As such, although a SLOW tempo may decrease the amount of total work (i.e. fewer repetitions with the same load), the increased time under tension seems to drive hormonal responses and neurological response, which may play a large role in stimulating muscle growth, coordination and movement stability.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hydrokortison krev   MeSH
• klinické křížové studie MeSH
• kosterní svaly růst a vývoj   inervace   fyziologie   MeSH
• kreatinkinasa krev   MeSH
• kyselina mléčná krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odporový trénink MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• testosteron krev   MeSH
• vzpírání fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH