(1) Background: Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic structure with a wide range of uses, including for biomedical applications. However, knowledge of its hazards is still limited. This work brings new cytotoxic, cytostatic, genotoxic and immunotoxic data concerning the in vitro exposure of human cell line to two types of graphene platelets (GP). It also contributes to the formation of general conclusions about the health risks of GP exposure. (2) Methods: In vitro exposure of a THP-1 cell line to three concentrations of two GP over 40 h. The cytotoxic potential was assessed by the measurement of LDH and glutathione (ROS) and by a trypan blue exclusion assay (TBEA); the cytostatic and genotoxic potential were assessed by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test; and the immunotoxic potential was assessed by the measurement of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α. (3) Results: We found a significant dose-dependent increase in DNA damage (CBMN). The lowest observed genotoxic effect levels (LOGEL) were 5 µg/mL (GP1) and 30 µg/mL (GP2). We found no significant leaking of LDH from cells, increase in dead cells (TBEA), induction of ROS, increased levels of cytostasis, or changes in IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α levels. (4) Conclusions: The genotoxicity increased during the short-term in vitro exposure of THP-1 to two GP. No increase in cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, or cytostasis was observed.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Bersavine is the new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the Berberis vulgaris L.(Berberidaceae) plant. The results of cytotoxicity screening 48 h post-treatment showed thatbersavine considerably inhibits the proliferation and viability of leukemic (Jurkat, MOLT-4), colon(HT-29), cervix (HeLa) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 8.1 to 11 μM.The viability and proliferation of leukemic Jurkat and MOLT-4 cells were decreased after bersavinetreatment in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Bersavine manifested concentration-dependentantiproliferative activity in human lung, breast, ovarian and hepatocellular carcinoma cell linesusing a xCELLigence assay. Significantly higher percentages of MOLT-4 cells exposed to bersavineat 20 μM for 24 h were arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle using the flow cytometry method.The higher percentage of apoptotic cells was measured after 24 h of bersavine treatment. Theupregulation of p53 phosphorylated on Ser392 was detected during the progression of MOLT-4 cellapoptosis. Mechanistically, bersavine-induced apoptosis is an effect of increased activity ofcaspases, while reduced proliferation seems dependent on increased Chk1 Ser345 phosphorylationand decreased Rb Ser807/811 phosphorylation in human leukemic cells.

• MeSH
• alkaloidy * chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   MeSH
• Berberis chemie   MeSH
• buňky Hep G2 MeSH
• buňky HT-29 MeSH
• cytotoxiny * chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky * chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• G1 fáze účinky léků   MeSH
• HeLa buňky MeSH
• Jurkat buňky MeSH
• leukemie farmakoterapie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• MFC-7 buňky MeSH
• screeningové testy protinádorových léčiv MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH