Pathogenicity
Dotaz
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- MeSH
- arboviry izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- mozek mikrobiologie patologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- viry klasifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi often triggers pathophysiologic perturbations that are further augmented by the inflammatory responses of the host, resulting in the severe clinical conditions of Lyme disease. While our apprehension of the spatial and temporal integration of the virulence determinants during the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi is constantly being improved, there is still much to be discovered. Many of the novel virulence strategies discussed in this review are undetermined. Lyme disease spirochaetes must surmount numerous molecular and mechanical obstacles in order to establish a disseminated infection in a vertebrate host. These barriers include borrelial relocation from the midgut of the feeding tick to its body cavity and further to the salivary glands, deposition to the skin, haematogenous dissemination, extravasation from blood circulation system, evasion of the host immune responses, localization to protective niches, and establishment of local as well as distal infection in multiple tissues and organs. Here, the various well-defined but also possible novel strategies and virulence mechanisms used by B. burgdorferi to evade obstacles laid out by the tick vector and usually the mammalian host during colonization and infection are reviewed.
- MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi * genetika MeSH
- faktory virulence MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymeská nemoc * MeSH
- savci MeSH
- virulence MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Vojenské zdravotnické listy, ISSN 0372-7025 roč. 71, suppl. 1, December 2002
43 s. : tab., grafy ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny MeSH
- genom bakteriální MeSH
- infekční nemoci MeSH
- mezibuněčná komunikace MeSH
- mikrobiologie MeSH
- proteom MeSH
- vojenské lékařství MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Mikrobiologie
- NLK Obory
- mikrobiologie, lékařská mikrobiologie
- infekční lékařství
- biologie
xiii, 352 s. : il.
Several bacterial species from the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are feared opportunistic pathogens that lead to debilitating lung infections with a high risk of developing fatal septicemia in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. However, the pathogenic potential of other Bcc species is yet unknown. To elucidate clinical relevance of Burkholderia contaminans, a species frequently isolated from CF respiratory samples in Ibero-American countries, we aimed to identify its key virulence factors possibly linked with an unfavorable clinical outcome. We performed a genome-wide comparative analysis of two isolates of B. contaminans ST872 from sputum and blood culture of a female CF patient in Argentina. RNA-seq data showed significant changes in expression for quorum sensing-regulated virulence factors and motility and chemotaxis. Furthermore, we detected expression changes in a recently described low-oxygen-activated (lxa) locus which encodes stress-related proteins, and for two clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of antifungal and hemolytic compounds pyrrolnitrin and occidiofungin. Based on phenotypic assays that confirmed changes in motility and in proteolytic, hemolytic and antifungal activities, we were able to distinguish two phenotypes of B. contaminans that coexisted in the host and entered her bloodstream. Whole genome sequencing revealed that the sputum and bloodstream isolates (each representing a distinct phenotype) differed by over 1,400 mutations as a result of a mismatch repair-deficient hypermutable state of the sputum isolate. The inferred lack of purifying selection against nonsynonymous mutations and the high rate of pseudogenization in the derived isolate indicated limited evolutionary pressure during evolution in the nutrient-rich, stable CF sputum environment. The present study is the first to examine the genomic and transcriptomic differences between longitudinal isolates of B. contaminans. Detected activity of a number of putative virulence factors implies a genuine pathogenic nature of this novel Bcc species.
- MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- Burkholderia genetika izolace a purifikace patogenita MeSH
- cystická fibróza komplikace mikrobiologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- faktory virulence genetika metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- genom bakteriální MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Burkholderia komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- objevující se infekční nemoci MeSH
- oportunní infekce komplikace mikrobiologie MeSH
- quorum sensing MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u bakterií MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- virulence genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
