Resistance exercise
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Autor překládá návod jak se bránit vznikající svalové slabosti ve vyšším věku pomocí jednoduchého systému posilovačích cviků. Zvýšení svalové síly brání vzniku sarkopenie přinášející poruchy motoriky, ztrátu pohybových možností, ohrožení pády.
The author presents a guide which helps older adults to defend against a muscle weakness in higher age through the use of simple system of resistance exercise. A brawn increase prevents sarcopenia with imminent gait and balance problems, increased fall risk, and a loss of functional independence.
International journal of sports medicine, ISSN 0943-917X Supplement Vol. 19. 3
S170-S226 s. ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- cévní rezistence MeSH
- koronární cévy fyziologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- myokard MeSH
- pohlavní hormony fyziologie MeSH
- srdce fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná námaha MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Our aim in this study was to assess attitudes toward exercise and quality of life (QoL) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) with and without insulin resistance (IR). METHODS: We pooled baseline pretreatment data from a subset of individuals with T1D from 2 randomized controlled trials. Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a validated surrogate marker of IR, was calculated using an established formula to classify individuals according to IR status with a cutpoint of <6 mg/kg/min for the determination of IR. Self-reported barriers to exercise were obtained using a validated questionnaire, the Barriers to Physical Activity in T1D (BAPAD-1). In addition, QoL was determined using the 36-item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire. Differences between dichotomized variables were assessed using the independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, or Fisher exact test. Linear regression was employed to explore the association of eGDR with BAPAD-1 and QoL scores, with sequential adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: Of the 85 individuals included in our study, 39 were classified as having IR. The mean BAPAD-1 total score was higher for individuals with IR (IR: 3.87±0.61; non-IR: 2.83±0.55; p<0.001). The highest exercise barrier scores for individuals with IR were risk of hypoglycemia (5.67±1.26) and risk of hyperglycemia (5.23±1.20), whereas the highest scoring exercise barrier scores for non-IR individuals were not diabetes-related, with low level of fitness (3.91±1.26) and physical health status, excluding diabetes (3.67±1.48), ranked highest. QoL scores were comparable between groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Risk of hypoglycemia was the greatest barrier to exercise in individuals with T1D with IR, whereas non-diabetes-related barriers to exercise were more salient in individuals with T1D without IR.
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- glukosa MeSH
- hypoglykemie * epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence * MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
An intriguing strategy to further enhance the anabolic effects of nutritional supplementation is to combine the administration of nutrients with resistance exercise. We hypothesized that the addition of resistance exercise to oral nutrition supplementation would lead to further increases in skeletal muscle protein accretion when compared to nutritional supplementation alone in chronic haemodialysis (CHD) patients. METHODS: We performed stable isotope protein kinetic studies in eight CHD patients during two separate settings: with oral nutritional supplementation alone (PO) and oral nutritional supplementation combined with a single bout of resistance exercise (PO + EX). Metabolic assessment was performed before, during and after haemodialysis. Both interventions resulted in robust protein anabolic response. RESULTS: There were no differences in metabolic hormones, plasma amino acid and whole-body protein balance between the interventions. During the post-HD phase, PO + EX retained a positive total amino acid (TAA) balance (primarily due to essential amino acid) while PO returned to a negative TAA balance although this difference did not reach statistical significance (78 +/- 109 versus -128 +/- 72 nmol/100 ml/min, respectively; P = 0.69). In the post-HD phase, PO + EX had significantly higher net muscle protein balance when compared to PO (19 +/- 16 versus -24 +/- 10 microg/100 ml/min, respectively; P = 0.036) We conclude that a single bout of resistance exercise augments the protein anabolic effects of oral intradialytic nutritional supplementation when examining skeletal muscle protein turnover.
- MeSH
- aminokyseliny krev MeSH
- chronické selhání ledvin krev patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- dialýza ledvin metody MeSH
- dietní proteiny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- energetický metabolismus fyziologie MeSH
- klinické křížové studie MeSH
- kosterní svaly metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nutriční podpora metody MeSH
- plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- svalové proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- tolerance zátěže fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Uridine is postulated to participate in the development of insulin resistance. Since exercise is an effective tool in the treatment of insulin resistance it appeared justified to assess the impact of maximal exercise on plasma uridine and insulin sensitivity indices (e.g. insulin and HOMA-IR) in healthy subjects. The study included forty-four healthy males (18.5+/-2.92 years, VO₂max 50.2+/-6.26 ml kg⁻¹ min⁻¹). Subjects performed a single maximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Blood samples were taken three times: immediately before exercise, immediately after exercise and at the 30(th) min of rest. Uridine concentrations were determined in the whole blood using high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum insulin levels were measured by a specific ELISA method. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR). A maximal exercise-induced increase in the concentration of uridine correlated with post-exercise increases in insulin levels and HOMA-IR. Our results indicate a relationship between the concentration of uridine in the blood and indicators of insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. We are the first to demonstrate that a maximal exercise-induced increase in the concentration of uridine is correlated with post-exercise increases in insulin levels and HOMA-IR in healthy subjects. It appears that uridine may be an indicator of insulin resistance.
- MeSH
- anaerobní práh MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- cvičení fyziologie MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- homeostáza MeSH
- inzulin krev MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence fyziologie MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- uridin krev MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- zátěžový test MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- sportovní úrazy prevence a kontrola MeSH
- sporty fyziologie statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- svalová kontrakce fyziologie MeSH
- techniky cvičení a pohybu metody statistika a číselné údaje škodlivé účinky MeSH
- tělesná námaha fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of yoga exercise on the anthropometric parameters and metabolic parameters in individuals regularly exercising yoga as well as to assess the possible impact on cardiovascular risk prevention. The study sample composed of two groups: A (57 healthy control) and B (61 subjects exercised yoga). For each group were measured: blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and laboratory values of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, glycaemia and insulinemia, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI). BMI was significantly lower (p= 0.005923) in the group B (yoga). We found an impact of yoga on the homeostatic indices HOMA-IR and QUICKI and it mens significantly lower value of systolic blood pressure (p= 0.043543) and LDL cholesterol levels (p=0.008714). Based on these outcomes, we consider yoga to be a suitable physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
... Stear -- Exercise physiology / S.M. Shirreffs -- Exercise biochemistry / S.D.R. ... ... Stear -- Nutrition for weight and resistance training / S.M. Phillips and K. ...
The Nutrition Society textbook series
xii, 385 s. : il. ; 25 cm
- MeSH
- cvičení * fyziologie MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- nutriční vědy MeSH
- sporty * fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost fyziologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- monografie MeSH
