BACKGROUND AND AIM: Minimally invasive endoscopic techniques are the treatment of choice for Zenker's diverticulum (ZD). Our objective was to evaluate the results and efficacy of endoscopic and open approaches, to determine whether postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels can be used as a marker to exclude the presence of esophageal leakage, and to identify risk factors for development of postoperative leakage and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent transcervical myotomy and diverticulotomy (TMD) or endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy (ECM) with CO2 laser for ZD in years 2008-2021 at our department were included in this retrospective study. RESULTS: Of the 101 patients enrolled, 83 patients underwent ECM and 18 TMD. The procedure time of the endoscopic technique was significantly shorter compared to that of transcervical method (p < 0.001). The median time to oral intake was 6 days for ECM and 10.5 days in the TMD group (p < 0.001). There was a 13% (n = 11) and 16.7% (n = 3) symptomatic recurrence rate and 3.6% (n = 3) and 16.7% (n = 3) major complications rate for ECM and TMD groups, respectively. The incidence of contrast leak (CL) evaluated by postoperative swallow study was 8.9% (9 from 83 patients in the ECM group only). In patients with CL, a significant increase in CRP levels on postoperative day (POD) 2 and 3 was detected when compared to patients without CL. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic diverticulotomy with CO2 laser represents a safe and efficient treatment of ZD. Elevation of postoperative CRP serum levels over 123.8 mg/L on POD2 and 98.8 mg/L on POD3 may indicate presence of an esophageal leakage.

• MeSH
• C-Reactive Protein MeSH
• Esophagoscopy methods   MeSH
• Lasers, Gas * therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Carbon Dioxide MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Zenker Diverticulum * surgery   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

The authors present a group of patients who were treated for exacerbation of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) following Covid-19 infection and who in the past had successfully undergone surgery of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The group consisted in total of 21 patients who relapsed after contracting Covid-19. There were 4 men and 17 women, the average age was 45.6 years (28-63). The most common complaint was pain. In all cases, the pain was located in the preauricular area, 4 patients had pain in the lateral side of the neck, 1 patient had pain of the nasal alae. During clinical examination, pain was present on palpation of the masseter muscle (19 patients), temporal muscle (4 patients) and the TMJ area (4 patients). In 4 cases, pain on palpation was present in the area of the nape and sternocleidomastoid muscles. Treatment in all cases was the same: thermotherapy, muscle relaxation massage and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Symptoms subsided in all cases within 2 weeks. In light of the Covid-19 pandemic, it is also necessary to expect an increased number of patients with TMD. The authors recommend targeted patient histories regarding Covid-19 infection when examining patients with TMD symptoms - this will certainly facilitate determining the etiology of the pain.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * complications   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Temporomandibular Joint Disorders * diagnosis   etiology   therapy   MeSH
• Facial Pain diagnosis   MeSH
• Pandemics MeSH
• Temporomandibular Joint MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

We report the first complete description of the molecular mechanisms behind the transition of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor from the state where the transmembrane domain (TMD) and the ion channel are in the open configuration to the relaxed unliganded state where the channel is closed. Using an aggregate of nearly 1 µs of unbiased all-atom implicit membrane and solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations we identified distinct structural states of the NMDA receptor and revealed functionally important residues (GluN1/Glu522, GluN1/Arg695, and GluN2B/Asp786). The role of the "clamshell" motion of the ligand binding domain (LBD) lobes in the structural transition is supplemented by the observed structural similarity at the level of protein domains during the structural transition, combined with the overall large rearrangement necessary for the opening and closing of the receptor. The activated and open states of the receptor are structurally similar to the liganded crystal structure, while in the unliganded receptor the extracellular domains perform rearrangements leading to a clockwise rotation of up to 45 degrees around the longitudinal axis of the receptor, which closes the ion channel. The ligand-induced rotation of extracellular domains transferred by LBD-TMD linkers to the membrane-anchored ion channel is responsible for the opening and closing of the transmembrane ion channel, revealing the properties of NMDA receptor as a finely tuned molecular machine.

• MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Molecular Dynamics Simulation * MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Increasing research attention has focused on the use of stem cells (SCs) in regenerative and reparative medicine. Adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) are a relatively cheap and ethical source of SCs. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have been reported with rising incidence over recent decades. The main aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of ADRCs application on the healing of both soft and hard temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues, and to assess the possible utilization of ADRCs in TMD treatment. We investigated the effects of human ADRCs on the healing of TMJ defects in immunodeficient rabbits. With no prior cultivation, ADRCs were applied to a surgically created defect in the cartilage of a rabbit TMJ. The healing process and inflammatory response were examined. Our results indicated that ADRCs supported repair processes in soft tissues. However, ADRC treatment induced a significant immune response in both soft and hard tissues, with hard tissues showing a higher level of bone remodelling. Non-differentiated ADRCs can be a promising tool for regenerative medicine of TMJ; however, deeper understanding of their effect on the cellular level is needed.

• MeSH
• Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy * methods   MeSH
• Stem Cells MeSH
• Rabbits MeSH
• Disease Models, Animal MeSH
• Temporomandibular Joint Disorders therapy   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rabbits MeSH
• Animals MeSH

AIM: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) refer to functional disorders of the masticatory system, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles. The main objective of this study was to determine whether and to what extent temporomandibular disorders (TMD) affect the maximum bite force (MBF). METHODS: The present study included subjects with and without temporomandibular disorder. The presence of TMD was assessed by means of the Helkimo clinical dysfunction index analysis. We measured the maximum bite pressure (MBP) and occlusal contact area (OCA) by means of a Fuji Prescale Pressure measurement film. Based on the MBP and OCA values obtained, MBF values were determined. RESULTS: The MBF values were significantly lower in patients with TMD compared to subjects without TMD (P Conclusion: TMDs have a significant impact on MBF and masticatory muscle action potential. More research is needed to determine the impact of reduced maximum bite force on the functional efficiency of the masticatory system.

• MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Temporomandibular Joint Disorders physiopathology   MeSH
• Sex Characteristics MeSH
• Bite Force * MeSH
• Case-Control Studies MeSH
• Pressure MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

Tail-anchored (TA) proteins are membrane proteins that are found in all domains of life. They consist of an N-terminal domain that performs various functions and a single transmembrane domain (TMD) near the C-terminus. In eukaryotes, TA proteins are targeted to the membranes of mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), peroxisomes and in plants, chloroplasts. The targeting of these proteins to their specific destinations correlates with the properties of the C-terminal domain, mainly the TMD hydrophobicity and the net charge of the flanking regions. Trichomonas vaginalis is a human parasite that has adapted to oxygen-poor environment. This adaptation is reflected by the presence of highly modified mitochondria (hydrogenosomes) and the absence of peroxisomes. The proteome of hydrogenosomes is considerably reduced; however, our bioinformatic analysis predicted 120 putative hydrogenosomal TA proteins. Seven proteins were selected to prove their localization. The elimination of the net positive charge in the C-tail of the hydrogenosomal TA4 protein resulted in its dual localization to hydrogenosomes and the ER, causing changes in ER morphology. Domain mutation and swap experiments with hydrogenosomal (TA4) and ER (TAPDI) proteins indicated that the general principles for specific targeting are conserved across eukaryotic lineages, including T. vaginalis; however, there are also significant lineage-specific differences.

• MeSH
• Multienzyme Complexes metabolism   MeSH
• DNA Mutational Analysis MeSH
• Mutant Proteins genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Organelles metabolism   MeSH
• Protozoan Proteins genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Recombinant Proteins genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Protein Transport MeSH
• Trichomonas vaginalis enzymology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Plasma membrane proteins synthesised at the endoplasmic reticulum are delivered to the cell surface via sorting pathways. Hydrophobic mismatch theory based on the length of the transmembrane domain (TMD) dominates discussion about determinants required for protein sorting to the plasma membrane. Transmembrane adaptor proteins (TRAP) are involved in signalling events which take place at the plasma membrane. Members of this protein family have TMDs of varying length. We were interested in whether palmitoylation or other motifs contribute to the effective sorting of TRAP proteins. We found that palmitoylation is essential for some, but not all, TRAP proteins independent of their TMD length. We also provide evidence that palmitoylation and proximal sequences can modulate sorting of artificial proteins with TMDs of suboptimal length. Our observations point to a unique character of each TMD defined by its primary amino acid sequence and its impact on membrane protein localisation. We conclude that, in addition to the TMD length, secondary sorting determinants such as palmitoylation or flanking sequences have evolved for the localisation of membrane proteins.

• MeSH
• Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Cell Membrane metabolism   MeSH
• Extracellular Space chemistry   MeSH
• Glycosylation MeSH
• HEK293 Cells MeSH
• HeLa Cells MeSH
• Jurkat Cells MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lipoylation * MeSH
• Membrane Proteins chemistry   metabolism   MeSH
• Protein Structure, Tertiary MeSH
• Protein Transport MeSH
• Structure-Activity Relationship MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

The yeast Nha1p Na(+), K(+)/H(+) antiporter has a house-keeping role in pH and cation homeostasis. It is also needed to alleviate excess Na(+) or K(+) from the cytoplasm under high external concentrations of these cations. Erv14p, a putative cargo receptor for transmembrane proteins is required for trafficking of Nha1p from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. Sensitivity to high Na(+) concentrations of the erv14 mutant associated to the intracellular mislocalization of Nha1p-GFP, together with a lower Na(+) efflux, indicate the involvement of this mutual association to accomplish the survival of the yeast cell upon sodium stress. This observation is supported by the protein-protein interaction between Erv14p and Nha1p detected by the mating-based Split Ubiquitin System and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Our results indicate that even though Erv14p interacts with Nha1p through the TMD, the C-terminal is important not only for the efficient delivery of Nha1p to the plasma membrane but also for its dimerization to accomplish its role in yeast salt tolerance.

• MeSH
• Biological Transport MeSH
• Sodium Chloride metabolism   pharmacology   MeSH
• Potassium metabolism   pharmacology   MeSH
• Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs MeSH
• Cations, Monovalent MeSH
• Membrane Proteins chemistry   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Protein Multimerization MeSH
• Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers chemistry   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Cation Transport Proteins chemistry   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Protons * MeSH
• Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal * MeSH
• Recombinant Fusion Proteins chemistry   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins chemistry   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae drug effects   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Protein Structure, Secondary MeSH
• Salt Tolerance MeSH
• Protein Binding MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Komplexní učebnice v oboru, která na našem trhu chybí několik desítek let. Překlad již 4. vydání úspěšné knihy, kterou v německém originále vydalo nakladatelství QUINTESSENZ. Kniha ve třech dílech je určena jak studentům medicíny a lékařům stomatologům, tak zubním technikům a protetikům.

• Keywords
• Stomatologie,
• MeSH
• Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic classification   methods   MeSH
• Prosthodontics history   classification   methods   MeSH

• NML Fields
• zubní lékařství

Komplexní učebnice v oboru, jež na našem trhu chybí několik desítek let. Překlad již 4. vydání úspěšné knihy, kterou v německém originále vydalo nakladatelství QUINTESSENZ. Kniha ve třech dílech je určena jak studentům medicíny a lékařům stomatologům, tak zubním technikům a protetikům.

• Keywords
• Stomatologie,
• MeSH
• Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic classification   methods   MeSH
• Prosthodontics history   classification   methods   MeSH

• NML Fields
• zubní lékařství