BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of patients received ambulatory treatment, highlighting the importance of primary health care (PHC). However, there is limited knowledge regarding PHC workload in Europe during this period. The utilization of COVID-19 PHC indicators could facilitate the efficient monitoring and coordination of the pandemic response. The objective of this study is to describe PHC indicators for disease surveillance and monitoring of COVID-19's impact in Europe. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study employing data obtained through a semi-structured ad hoc questionnaire, which was collectively agreed upon by all participants. The study encompasses PHC settings in 31 European countries from March 2020 to August 2021. Key-informants from each country answered the questionnaire. Main outcome: the identification of any indicator used to describe PHC COVID-19 activity. RESULTS: Out of the 31 countries surveyed, data on PHC information were obtained from 14. The principal indicators were: total number of cases within PHC (Belarus, Cyprus, Italy, Romania and Spain), number of follow-up cases (Croatia, Cyprus, Finland, Spain and Turkey), GP's COVID-19 tests referrals (Poland), proportion of COVID-19 cases among respiratory illnesses consultations (Norway and France), sick leaves issued by GPs (Romania and Spain) and examination and complementary tests (Cyprus). All COVID-19 cases were attended in PHC in Belarus and Italy. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic exposes a crucial deficiency in preparedness for infectious diseases in European health systems highlighting the inconsistent recording of indicators within PHC organizations. PHC standardized indicators and public data accessibility are urgently needed, conforming the foundation for an effective European-level health services response framework against future pandemics.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• osobní újma zaviněná nemocí MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• primární zdravotní péče MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Kypr MeSH

Ethiopia increased the availability of latrines notably, but the sanitation facilities rarely meet hygienic standards. Therefore, the market-based sanitation (MBS) programme has been implemented across the country for nearly a decade to expand the market and boost the demand for hygienic sanitation products and services. While it does not seem that the MBS would bring any notable change in sanitation conditions so far, its implementation challenges are not adequately understood. To address this gap, this article delves into the grassroots-level implementation of MBS in the Wolaita zone. The study relies on qualitative data gathered through interviews with various stakeholders, examining both demand- and supply-side challenges. Some issues identified were external to MBS implementation, such as high inflation and an unstable political and security situation in Ethiopia. Additionally, the study reveals that more general deficiencies of the Ethiopian health extension program, including the stress and discouragement of local change agents (health extension workers, health development army members) due to workloads and low remuneration, have adversely impacted MBS delivery. The implementation of MBS has also not effectively addressed the affordability of hygienic sanitation products. On the supply side, economic constraints and organizational inefficiencies have hindered the development of the sanitation market, preventing it from reaching a critical mass. Our research suggests that MBS alone will not suffice to improve sanitation in Ethiopia.

• MeSH
• podpora zdraví MeSH
• sanitace * MeSH
• zdravotnický personál MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Etiopie MeSH

Cíle: Zhodnocení úrovně psychické pracovní zátěže a kvality života u sester v České republice pomocí dostupných standardizovaných dotazníkových metod v průběhu pandemie covidu-19. Metodika: Byla provedena průřezová epidemiologická studie, a to v době samotné pandemie v roce 2021. Bylo provedeno dotazníkové šetření u 450 sester. Byly použity dva standardizované dotazníky, a to Meisterův dotazník na subjektivní vnímání psychické zátěže a dotazník SF-36 na kvalitu života. Výsledky: Analyzováním míry psychické zátěže se ukázalo, že jednotlivé škály psychické zátěže (přetížení, monotonie, nespecifický faktor a celková zátěž) významně (p < 0,05) a negativně (r < 0) korelují s kvalitou života v každé doméně. Nejvyšší stupeň psychické zátěže se zjistil u sester pracujících na vyčleněných odděleních a místech určených pro pacienty s covidem, pohotovostech a na jednotkách intenzivní péče. Závěry: Pandemie covidu-19 měla negativní vliv na celkový chod zdravotnictví z hlediska nepřipravenosti na tuto situaci. Nejvíce postihla pracovníky pracující přímo s nakaženými pacienty. Je proto potřeba se v budoucnu na podobnou zátěž lépe a koordinovaně připravovat.

Objectives: The assessment of the level of work-related stress and quality of life among nurses in the Czech Republic throughout the utilisation of available standardised questionnaire methods during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted during the pandemic year of 2021. A questionnaire was administered to 450 nurses. Two standardised questionnaires were employed: Meister's questionnaire for subjective assessment of work-related mental load and the SF 36 questionnaire for quality of life. Results: Through the analysis of the level of mental strain, it became apparent that individual scales of mental strain (overload, monotony, nonspecific factors and overall strain) significantly (p < 0.05) and negatively (r < 0) correlated with quality of life in each domain. The most severe level of mental strain was identified among nurses working in designated COVID-19 patient departments, emergency departments, and intensive care units. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the overall function of healthcare, primarily due to the lack of preparedness for such scenarios. Health care workers directly caring for infected patients were affected the most. Therefore, there is a need to thoroughly prepare for similar straining situations in the future.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• pracovní zátěž psychologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• psychický stres * MeSH
• zdravotní sestry * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Príspevok sa zaoberá vplyvom generačnej diverzity na pracovnú záťaž sestier. V článku vychádzame z najnovších poznatkov a dostupných informácií, ktoré sa venujú generačnej teórii. Uvádzame charakteristiku jednotlivých generačných kohort s dôrazom na pracovnú záťaž. Cieľom článku je priniesť nové poznatky zamerané na generačnú diverzitu a jej možný vplyv na pracovnú záťaž sestier.

The article deals with the impact of generational diversity on nurses' workload. The paper is based on the latest knowledge and available information, which are devoted to the generational theory. We present the characteristics of individual generational cohorts with an emphasis on workload. The aim of the article is to bring new knowledge focused on generational diversity and its possible impact on nurses' workload.

• MeSH
• chování a mechanismy chování MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy MeSH
• postoj MeSH
• pracovní zátěž MeSH
• vztahy mezi generacemi MeSH
• zdravotní sestry MeSH

Ošetrovateľstvo sa zameriava na podporu zdravia, prevenciu ochorení a starostlivosť pri fyzických, či mentálnych ochoreniach, ktoré postihujú ľudí v každom veku. Sestry celosvetovo tvoria takmer polovicu pracovnej sily v zdravotníctve a poskytujú takmer 80 % praktickej starostlivosti. V mnohých prípadoch sú sestry často prvým zdravotníckym pracovníkom a niekedy aj jediným, s ktorým pacienti prichádzajú do kontaktu. V súčasnosti majú sestry vyššiu prevalenciu muskuloskeletálnych ochorení súvisiacich s výkonom ošetrovateľskej praxe. Tieto ochorenia majú značný vplyv na ich zdravie a sú príčinami práceneschopnosti a invalidity.

Nursing focuses on health promotion, disease prevention and care for physical or mental illnesses that affect people of all ages. Nurses make up almost half of the healthcare workforce worldwide and provide almost 80 % of practical care. In many cases, nurses are often the first healthcare professional, and sometimes the only one, that patients come into contact with. Currently, nurses have a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases related to the performance of nursing practice. These diseases have a significant impact on the health of nurses and are the causes of sickness absence and disability.

• MeSH
• ergonomie metody   MeSH
• hygiena práce MeSH
• pracovní zátěž MeSH
• psychický stres MeSH
• tělesná námaha MeSH
• zdravotní sestry MeSH

Úvod: Pracovné prostredie sestier charakterizujú viaceré rizikové faktory, ktoré výrazne môžu ovplyvniť prežívanie, fyzické i psychické zdravie a spokojnosť s prácou. Pracovná spokojnosť môže mať významný vplyv na kvalitu starostlivosti o pacientov a na celkovú výkonnosť zdravotníckych zariadení. Pracovnú spokojnosť často ovplyvňujú problémy, ako je pracovná záťaž, nedostatok personálu, nedostatočná organizácia práce, nedostatočná podpora od nadriadených a iné. Uvedené aspekty sú tie, ktoré častokrát vedú k syndrómu vyhorenia. Pokiaľ nespokojnosť s pracovnými podmienkami a riziko syndrómu vyhorenia pretrváva, mnohokrát to vedie k pracovnej migrácii. Cieľom výskumu bolo zistiť vzťah medzi vybranými faktormi pracovného prostredia sestier a ich pracovnou spokojnosťou a rizikom syndrómu vyhorenia. Materiál a metódy: Výskumnú vzorku tvorilo 263 sestier, ktoré poskytujú ošetrovateľskú starostlivosť geriatrickým pacientom. Priemerná dĺžka praxe sestier v geriatrii bola 10,31 rokov. Na zber údajov bol použitý dotazník rizika syndrómu vyhorenia (SMBM) a dotazník vlastnej konštrukcie zameraný na záťažové a problematické pracovné situácie na pracovisku a na pracovnú spokojnosť sestier. Výsledky: Medzi faktory pracovnej záťaže, ktoré významne korelujú s pracovnou spokojnosťou, patria pracovné podmienky, organizácia práce (pracovný čas, množstvo víkendov, veľa práce za vymedzený čas, práca nad rámec svojich kompetencií), nedostatočné materiálno-technické zabezpečenie. S rizikom syndrómu vyhorenia korelujú najmä pracovné podmienky, organizácia práce, atmosféra a vzťahy na pracovisku. S pracovnou záťažou ani rizikom syndrómu vyhorenia výrazne nekoreluje finančné ohodnotenie, sociálne výhody, osobnostný rozvoj, kariérny rast. Záver: Zvyšujúca sa pracovná záťaž, zvyšujúce sa nároky na sestry, nedostatočná organizácia práce, nedostatok personálu vedú k zdravotným problémom, pracovnej nespokojnosti a syndrómu vyhorenia, čo vedie sestry k odchodu zo zamestnania alebo zmene pracoviska, a to nielen v rámci Slovenska, ale aj do zahraničia.

Objectives: The working environment of nurses is characterized by several risk factors that can significantly affect survival, physical and psychological health and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction can have a significant impact on the quality of patient care and the overall performance of healthcare facilities. Job satisfaction is often affected by problems such as workload, lack of staff, insufficient work organization, insufficient support from superiors, and others. The mentioned aspects are the ones that often lead to burnout syndrome. If dissatisfaction with working conditions and the risk of burnout persist, it often leads to labor migration. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between selected factors of the nurses‘ work environment and their job satisfaction and the risk of burnout. Material and Methods: The research sample consisted of 263 nurses, who provide nursing care to geriatric patients. The average length of practice of nurses in geriatrics was 10.31 years. The burnout syndrome risk questionnaire (SMBM) and self-constructed questionnaire focused on burdensome and problematic work situations at the workplace and job satisfaction of nurses were used for data collection. Results: Among the workload factors that are significantly correlated with job satisfaction include working conditions, work organization (working hours, number of weekends, a lot of work in a limited time, work beyond the scope of one’s competences), insufficient material and technical security. Working conditions, work organization, atmosphere and relationships at the workplace are mainly correlated with the risk of burnout. Financial compensation, social benefits, personal development, career growth are not significantly correlated with workload or the risk of burnout. Conclusion: Increasing workload, increasing demands on nurses, insufficient organization of work, lack of staff lead to health problems, job dissatisfaction and burnout syndrome, which leads nurses to leave their jobs or change workplaces, not only within Slovakia, but also in abroad.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• geriatrické ošetřovatelství * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pracovní podmínky * psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• pracovní uspokojení MeSH
• pracovní zátěž psychologie   MeSH
• profesionální vyhoření prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• zdravotní sestry psychologie   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Background: The paper deals with older workers and the issue of combining informal care for family members with paid employment, which is increasingly important in the light of socio-demographic changes in society - namely demographic ageing and the lengthening of working life. The topic is highly relevant to the group of non-medical healthcare professions studied, as they combine care in the professional and domestic spheres. Purpose of the research: The aim of the research is to point to gender inequalities in how the combination of formal and informal care impacts the work and personal spheres of (pre-) retirement-age nonmedical healthcare workers. Methods: The article is based on the analysis of 36 qualitative interviews with nonmedical healthcare workers in Czechia. We used thematic analysis and approached the issue of (un)doing gender from a social constructivist perspective. Results: The results suggest that women and men in nonmedical healthcare professions face differences in relation to the double care burden in older age. Women are more likely to be affected by a combination of dual care, which has implications for their workload, financial remuneration, etc., whereas men are under greater pressure to perform at work, which becomes increasingly difficult at older ages. Conclusion: Gendered character of double care has implications for gender inequalities in mental and physical health and for the gender pension gap.

• MeSH
• epidemiologické faktory MeSH
• genderová role * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ošetřovatelská péče organizace a řízení   MeSH
• osoby pečující o pacienty * ekonomika   organizace a řízení   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rozhovory jako téma MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Aim: The study aimed to describe nurses' roles, map their views, knowledge, and experiences, and clarify the factors influencing their work and personal life during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic. Design: A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used for the study. Methods: A representative sociological survey was conducted. A non-standardized questionnaire was used to collect data; the primary objective was to survey nurses' views, knowledge, and experiences gained during the Covid-19 pandemic and identify essential issues that must be addressed before the next pandemic. The questionnaire contained a total of 57 questions. The sample was constructed by quota sampling; the criteria for inclusion in the sample were the respondents' gender, age, and region. These characteristics were established as representative. The sample consisted of 1,197 nurses. Results: The most commonly reported factor influencing the work of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic was fear of transmitting the infection (63.6%). Fear of the unknown (59%) and increased workload (54.7%) were also frequently reported to be strong influencers. The responses of nurses were statistically significantly influenced by the type of medical facility in which they worked (p < 0.05) and where they worked during the Covid-19 pandemic (p < 0.001). Most respondents (89.6%) said Covid-19 represented increased physical and mental burdens. Almost the same proportion of respondents (88.4%) felt Covid-19 affected their social lives, and 76.7% reported that it also affected their personal lives. Conclusion: Healthcare facility management should ensure sufficient personal protective equipment (PPE) is available before pandemics and pay close attention to the needs of staff regarding psychological counselling and crisis intervention during pandemics.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pracovní zátěž MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• role ošetřovatelky MeSH
• zdravotní sestry * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Job satisfaction is a highly relevant topic across all sectors of the national economy worldwide. A contented employee significantly enhances a company's performance compared to a dissatisfied one. Simultaneously, a contented employee increases the human capital value of the company, which has a substantial impact on its overall value. However, employee satisfaction is not a static state; it can be influenced by various factors, one of which is perceived workload resulting from the nature of the job. The aim of this article is to investigate whether there is a demonstrable impact of perceived workload on employee satisfaction. This relationship is examined within the context of subway train drivers in the Czech Republic. In exploring this relationship, we also delve into the psychological factor of whether there is a connection between perceived workload and the satisfaction of subway train drivers based on their personality types according to the MBTI test. These dependencies are assessed through correlation analysis using a comprehensive dataset obtained. In the course of the research, data were collected from the entire basic sample of respondents, namely from 654 subway train drivers. The results confirmed the existing influence of perceived workload on employee satisfaction and, concurrently, the influence of perceived workload on employee satisfaction based on the personality typology determined by the MBTI test. These findings are undoubtedly beneficial for the management of transportation companies, particularly those involved in passenger transportation, specifically in the provision of subway services.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Pozadí: Tato studie zkoumá dopad tréninkového programu zaměřeného na snižování stresu, deprese a úzkosti na základě všímavosti u zdravotních sester v Maroku. Metody: Účastníci byli vybráni z nemocnice v provincii Tetouan v Maroku. Jednalo se o 80 nemocničních sester, 59 žen a 21 mužů. Byli náhodně rozděleni do intervenční skupiny a kontrolní skupiny, v každé skupině bylo 40 účastníků. Jako psychologická intervence v intervenční skupině byl použit osmitýdenní trénink na všímavost. K posouzení výsledků obou skupin před a po intervenci byla použita škála deprese, úzkosti a stresu a pětiúrovňový dotazník zaměřený na všímavost. Výsledky: Intervenční skupina vykazovala významné rozdíly v průměrném post-testovém skóre od pre-testu v proměnných: deprese (η2 = 0,249; p < 0,001), úzkost = (η2 = 0,282; p < 0,001) a stres = (η2 = 0,396 p < 0,001), stejně jako ve FFMQ (η2 = 0,379; p < 0,001). Podobně čtyřměsíční sledování odhalilo, že všechny proměnné vykazovaly statisticky významné rozdíly se stejnou velikostí účinku (η2 = 1,387; p < 0,001). Závěr: Výcvikový program MBSR je účinná psychoterapeutická intervence založená na důkazech pro léčbu deprese, úzkosti a stresu u nemocničních sester. Doporučují se další hloubkové studie založené na neurovědeckých datech pomocí elektroencefalogramu (EEG) evokovaných mozkových potenciálů.

Background: This study examines the impact of a mindfulness-based stress reduction-training program on depression, anxiety, and stress among nurses in Morocco. Methods: Participants were selected from a hospital in the province of Tetouan, Morocco. They included 80 hospital nurses, 59 women and 21 men. They were randomly assigned to an intervention group and a control group, with 40 participants in each group. An eight-week mindfulness training was used as a psychological intervention in the intervention group. To assess the outcomes of both groups before and after the intervention, a depression, anxiety, and stress scale and a five-facet mindfulness questionnaire were used. Results: In the intervention group, mean post-test scores showed significant differences from pre-test in the depression variable (η2 = 0.249; p < 0.001), Anxiety = (η2 = 0.282; p < 0.001), and Stress = (η2 = 0.396; p < 0.001), as well as in the FFMQ (η2 = 0.379; p < 0.001. Similarly, a 4-month follow-up revealed that all variables showed statistically significant differences, with an equally large effect size (η2 = 1.387; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The MBSR training program is an effective, evidence-based psychotherapeutic intervention for treating depression, anxiety, and stress in hospital nurses. Further in-depth studies based on neuroscientific data using electroencephalogram (EEG) evoked brain potentials are recommended.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pracovní zátěž psychologie   MeSH
• psychický stres MeSH
• psychoterapie * metody   MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma metody   MeSH
• všímavost * metody   MeSH
• zdravotní sestry * psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH