• MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• koronární nemoc prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
• tělesná výchova MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH

Východiska: Pohyb je známkou života a pravidelná pohybová aktivita má bezesporu významný vliv na každého člověka. Pozitivně se podílí na našem zdraví, kvalitě života a celkové psychické rovnováze člověka. Vhodně zvolená pohybová aktivita zařazená v rámci rehabilitace pacientů, kteří prodělali onkologickou léčbu, se významně podílí na úspěchu celkové rekonvalescence a přispívá velkou měrou ke zlepšení kvality života. Náš intervenční cvičební program pro onkologické pacientky byl vypracován a realizován na základě získaných lékařských doporučení o onkologických pacientech. Intervenční cvičební program byl rozdělen na dvě části – body and mind a kondiční část. Cíl: Cílem cvičebního programu mimo zvýšení sebevědomí pacientek a zlepšení kvality života bylo zlepšit kardiovaskulární funkce, bazální metabolizmus, svalovou sílu a vytrvalost, zlepšit kloubní rozsah, posílit svaly fázické a protáhnout svaly posturální, a tím předcházet svalovým dysbalancím.

Background: Movement is a sign of life and regular physical activity has an indisputable influence on each and every person. When applied selectively to patients after cancer therapy, physical activity, including rehabilitation, positively contributes to complete recuperation and improves quality of life. Our interventional exercise program for cancer patients was prepared and implemented on the basis of reports in the medical literature and on the lecturer’s own experience. The interventional exercise program was divided into two parts – body and mind and body fitness. Aim: Besides increasing self-confidence and improving quality of life, the aim of the exercise program was to improve cardiovascular function, basal metabolism, muscular strength and endurance, and joint flexibility and to strengthen phasic muscles and stretch tonic muscles, both of which are important for balance.

• MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory prsu * rehabilitace   MeSH
• techniky cvičení a pohybu * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the recovery pattern of the plasma inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) after the single-bout maximal exercise. The exercise of different type (continuous vs. intermittent) was performed and also compared in this study. METHODS: Following baseline testing, 30 males were divided into three experimental groups, which completed continuous or intermittent all-out exercise of similar duration or no exercise intervention (Control group). Blood was sampled before and 1 h, 3 h, 5 h after exercise. Serum was analysed for IL-6, CRP, lactate, creatinine, uric acid, cortisol, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and myoglobin. Diet was standardized during recovery monitoring. RESULTS: Serum IL-6 and CRP concentrations were not significantly changed in the pre- to post-exercise values comparison. These results are evident in both exercise intervention groups as well as in the control group. The only exception is the significant (P=0.03) IL-6 decrease (28.2%) in continuous exercise protocol 3 h after the exercise. Significant changes (P<0.05) were also observed in lactate, cortisol, uric acid and myoglobin, when pre-exercise vs. post-exercise recovery values were compared CONCLUSION: The exercise of all-out intensity and relatively short duration, no matter what type, does not elicit a significant change in the inflammatory markers IL-6 and CRP for the 1h to 5h period of rest following the exercise.

• MeSH
• antropometrie MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• hydrokortison metabolismus   MeSH
• interleukin-6 metabolismus   MeSH
• kreatinin metabolismus   MeSH
• kreatinkinasa metabolismus   MeSH
• kyselina močová metabolismus   MeSH
• L-laktátdehydrogenasa metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• myoglobin metabolismus   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: The performance of the respiratory system during the exercise is limiting the final performance in endurance disciplines. The quality of breathing is linked to endurance performance, subject´s training state, intensity and duration of the physical load, the implementation of which, thus the economy of breathing, is possible to influence through a targeted breathing exercise. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of breathing intervention exercises on the effectiveness of breathing by monitoring value of tidal volume (VT) and breathing frequency (BF) during an endurance type load in adolescent endurance runners. METHODS: Thirty-seven 37 adolescent endurance runners were enrolled in this study. The girls were 16.79±1.51 years old, the boys were 16.5±1.8 years old. They are involved in endurance training for at least one year. Twenty-one probands took part in the intervention scheme; sixteen probands formed the control group. The study investigated the effect of two months and four months of breathing exercise intervention on tidal volume VT and BF. RESULTS: The probands carried out breathing exercises, which took an average of 13.1±3.7 minutes per day over the first two months, and an average of 11.1±3.9 minutes per day over the next two months. The breathing economy was significantly changed as a result of respiratory exercise intervention. Already after 2 months of intervention there was a significant decrease of BF (by 5.92%) and a significant increase of VT (by 4.44%). After another 2 months, the changes were even more pronounced. In the 4 months of the intervention, the BF decreased by 11.47% and the VT increased by 10.96% in comparison to the original state. In the control group, there were no significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: It was confirmed that the two-month breathing exercise intervention focused on the activation of the diaphragm is sufficient and resulted in significant changes of in VT and BF.

• MeSH
• běh fyziologie   MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• dechová cvičení metody   MeSH
• dýchání * MeSH
• fyzická vytrvalost fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• plíce fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

• MeSH
• arterioskleróza etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• cholesterol krev   MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kouření MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• tělesná výchova MeSH
• zdravotní výchova MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• srovnávací studie MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Alternatives such as remotely delivered therapy in the home environment or telehealth represent an opportunity to increase overall cardiac rehabilitation (CR) utilization. Implementing alternatives into regular practice is the next step in development; however, the cost aspect is essential for policymakers. Limited economic budgets lead to cost-effectiveness analyses before implementation. They are appropriate in cases where there is evidence that the compared intervention provides a similar health benefit to usual care. This systematic review aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of exercise-based telehealth CR interventions compared to standard exercise-based CR. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: PubMed and Web of Science databases were systematically searched up to August 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials assessing patients undergoing telehealth CR. The intervention was compared to standard CR protocols. The primary intent was to identify the cost-effectiveness. Interventions that met the criteria were home-based telehealth CR interventions delivered by information and communications technology (telephone, computer, internet, or videoconferencing) and included the results of an economic evaluation, comparing interventions in terms of cost-effectiveness, utility, costs and benefits, or cost-minimization analysis. The systematic review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO Registry (CRD42022322531). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Out of 1525 identified studies, 67 articles were assessed for eligibility, and, at the end of the screening process, 12 studies were included in the present systematic review. Most studies (92%) included in this systematic review found strong evidence that exercise-based telehealth CR is cost-effective. Compared to CBCR, there were no major differences, except for three studies evaluating a significant difference in average cost per patient and intervention costs in favor of telehealth CR. CONCLUSIONS: Telehealth CR based on exercise is as cost-effective as CBCR interventions. Funding telehealth CR by third-party payers may promote patient participation to increase overall CR utilization. High-quality research is needed to identify the most cost-effective design.

• MeSH
• analýza nákladů a výnosů MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• kardiovaskulární rehabilitace * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• telemedicína * MeSH
• telerehabilitace * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Úvod: Ghrelin je endogenní hormon exprimovaný převážně v žaludku. Ghrelin řídí sekreci růstových hormonů a ovlivňuje i energetickou bilanci organismu. Hodnotili jsme asociaci mezi variantami genu pro ghrelin a změnami tělesné hmotnosti po úpravě stravy/po fyzické zátěžové intervenci u zdravých žen s nadváhou. Metody: Varianty genu pro ghrelin Arg51 > Gln, Leu72 > Met a Gln90 > Leu byly analyzovány technikou PCR-RFLP u 80 žen s nadváhou (BMI 31,1 ± 3,0 kg/m2) ve věku 25-55 let. Změny tělesné hmotnosti a koncentrací plazmatických lipidů byly analyzovány v podskupinách podle genotypů pro ghrelin. Výsledky: Nositelé varianty Met72Met vykazovali rezistenci vůči úpravě stravy/fyzicky zátěžové intervenci. Jejich tělesná hmotnost se snížila o 1,5 kg ve srovnání s nositeli varianty Leu72 (5,3 kg). Ostatní varianty na změny tělesné hmotnosti vliv neměly. Hodnoty plazmatických lipidů u podskupin rozdělených podle variant genu pro ghrelin se statisticky významně nezměnily. Závěry: Běžné varianty genu pro ghrelin mohou mít po behaviorální intervenci vliv na změny tělesné hmotnosti. Počty nositelů varianty Met72Met v populaci jsou však velice nízké a výsledky musí potvrdit další studie.

Introduction: Ghrelin is an endogenous hormone expressed predominantly in the stomach. Ghrelin controls growth hormone secretion and also affects the body s energy balance. We have analyzed the association of ghrelin variants with body weight changes after dietary/exercise intervention in healthy overweight females. Methods: Ghrelin variants Arg51 > Gln, Leu72 > Met and Gln90 > Leu were analyzed by PCR-RFLP in 80 overweight (BMI 31.1 ± 3.0 kg/m2) females aged 25-55 years. Development of body weight and plasma lipids were analyzed in subgroups divided according to ghrelin genotypes. Results: Carriers of the Met72Met genotype were resistant to dietary/exercise intervention. They lost 1.5 kg compared to Leu72 carriers (5.3 kg). Other variants had no effect on body weight changes. Plasma lipids were not changed significantly between subgroups divided according to ghrelin variants. Conclusions: Common variants in ghrelin may have an effect on changes of body weight after behavioral intervention. However, the frequency of Met72Met carriers in the population is very low and results need to be confirmed in future studies.

• MeSH
• energetický metabolismus fyziologie   účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• obezita genetika   MeSH
• peptidové hormony genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• redukční dieta využití   MeSH
• terapie cvičením MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Dechové obtíže se vyskytují napříč celým spektrem populace. S poruchou dechového stereotypu se setkáváme velmi často i přes skutečnost, že správné dýchání je nezbytným předpokladem optimálního fungování pohybového aparátu, správného držení těla i psychické pohody. Nesprávné dýchání může být způsobeno blokádami obratlů a žeber, špatnou funkcí dechových a stabilizačních svalů, alergiemi, onemocněním plic, srdeční slabostí a především nadměrným stresem. Pokud podněty způsobující nevhodný dechový stereotyp působí příliš dlouho, porucha se zafixuje a je nutné ji vědomým korigováním (cíleným kompenzačním cvičením) odstranit. Pro vyšetření dechového stereotypu jsme použili svalový dynamometr. Aplikace dvouměsíční intervence cílených dechových cvičení u skupiny mladých atletů (devatenáct probandů účastnících se intervence a osmnáct probandů kontrolní skupiny) ve věku 17,26 ± 1,80 prokázala věcně i statisticky významný vliv na zapojení a posílení dýchacích svalů aktivujících se bráničním dýcháním v rámci klidového dýchání, i prohloubeného dýchání.

Breathing problems occur across the spectrum of the population. The disorder of breathing pattern we see very often, despite the fact that proper breathing is a prerequisite for the optimum functioning of the musculoskeletal system, proper posture and mental well-being. Incorrect breathing can be caused by blockages of vertebrae and ribs, malfunctioning wind and stabilizing muscles, allergies, lung disease, heart failure, and especially excessive stress. If impulses causing inappropriate tidal stereotype has for too long, the fault is fixed and must be conscious correcting (targeted compensation exercise) removed. For testing, we used the stereotype of respiratory muscle dynamometer. Application-month targeted intervention breathing exercises in a group of young athletes (nineteen probands participating in the intervention and control groups eighteen probands) aged 17.26 ± 1.80 factually demonstrated a statistically significant impact on the involvement and strengthening of respiratory muscles activating the diaphragmatic breathing within idle breathing, and deepened breathing.

• MeSH
• dechová cvičení * MeSH
• dýchací svaly MeSH
• dýchání MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• postura těla MeSH
• posturální rovnováha MeSH
• svalová síla - dynamometr * využití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to identify the role of diabetes mellitus in the effectiveness of intradialytic exercise intervention among haemodialysis patients. METHODS: In this multicentre study 90 dialysed patients were allocated to the experimental (EXG, n=57) or control group (CNG, n=33). In EXG, we included 20 diabetic and 37 non-diabetic patients. In CNG, we enrolled 8 diabetic and 25 non-diabetic patients. EXG underwent a 12-week supervised, progressive, intradialytic resistance training programme, while CNG stayed inactive during dialysis. Baseline, post-interventional and post-follow-up assessments of maximal force during hip extension (HE), hip flexion (HF) and knee extension (KE) contractions were completed in both groups of patients. RESULTS: HE increased in diabetic and non-diabetic EXG patients (diabetic EXG, change: +14.5N; 95% CI=-5.5 to +34.5; non-diabetic EXG, +18.6N; 95% CI=+3.4 to +33.8) and diabetic CNG patients (change: +17.9N; 95% CI=-9.2 to +44.9). Only non-diabetic CNG patients experienced a decrease in HE (change: -22.8N; 95% CI=-36.9 to -8.7, P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Resistance training improved muscle function among dialysis patients regardless of the presence of diabetes mellitus. We found that non-diabetic patients lose their muscle function extensively during inactivity, while diabetic patients retain their muscle function.

• MeSH
• chronické selhání ledvin * terapie   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus * MeSH
• dialýza ledvin MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• svaly MeSH
• terapie cvičením MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate effects of a six-month intensive dance-exercise intervention (DI) on cognition and brain structure in a mixed group of healthy seniors and people with mild cognitive impairment. METHODS: Subjects (aged ˃ 60 years with no dementia or depression) were randomly assigned to either a DI group or a life as usual (LAU) group. Detailed neuropsychological testing, measures of physical fitness and brain MRI encompassing T1 structural and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed at baseline and after 6 months. We assessed changes in cortical thickness and DTI parameters derived from tract-based spatial statistics. RESULTS: Altogether 62 individuals (n = 31 in the DI group) completed the protocol. The groups were matched for their demographic and clinical variables. After 6 months, we found significant cortical thickening in the right inferior temporal, fusiform and lateral occipital regions in the dancers compared to controls. Significant increases of radial and mean diffusivity were observed in various white matter tracts in the dancers; however, no differences were observed between the DI and LAU groups. The DI group as compared to the LAU group showed subtle improvements in executive functions. CONCLUSIONS: We observed DI-induced improvement in executive functions and increases of cortical thickness in the lateral occipitotemporal cortex which is engaged in action observation, visuomotor integration and action imitation, that is activities that are all important for motor learning and executing skilled movements.

• MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance MeSH
• kognice * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek * MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tanec * MeSH
• terapie cvičením metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH