locomotor activity
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Poznatky o principech vývojové kineziologie jsou využívány v oblasti léčebné rehabilitace. Pro tuto oblasti jsou rovněž formulovány.Studie poukazuje na obecnost a platnost těchto poznatků.Analyzuje sportovní pohybovou činnost aktuálně nejlepší světové závodnice v konkrétním sportovním odvětví, které svým charakterem pohybu výrazně vizuálně koresponduje s globálními lokomočními vzory. Možné včlenění obecných poznatků vývojové kineziologie do procesu vzdělávání profesionálů v tělesné výchově a sportu dává tušit možnosti profylaktického ovlivnění sportovního tréninku a zkvalitnění preventivní funkce tělesné výchovy a rekreačního sportu.
Findings on the principles of developmental kinesiology are applied in remedial physiotherapy. For this purpose they are also defined.The submitted study draws attention to the general character and validity of these findings. It analyzes the sports locomotor activity of the present best world champion in a defined sports discipline which as to the character of activity corresponds to global locomotor patterns. Possible inclusion of general findings of developmental kinesiology into the process of training professionals in physical training and sports indicates possibilities of prophylactic influencing of sports training and for improving the standard of the preventive function of physical training and recreational sports.
- MeSH
- amfetaminy MeSH
- chování zvířat účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- pohybová aktivita účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- MeSH
- chování zvířat účinky léků MeSH
- kinezika účinky léků MeSH
- myši MeSH
- trankvilizéry MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
M(4) muscarinic receptors (M(4) MR) represent a subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors serving a substantial role in spontaneous locomotor activity regulation, cognition and modulation of cholinergic system. With increasing body of literature discussing the role of M(4) MR some controversies arose. Thus, we try here to summarize the current evidence regarding the M(4) MR, with the special focus on their role in Locomotor activity control. We review the molecular function of M(4) MR in specific brain areas implicated in locomotor regulation, and shortly in other CNS processes that could be connected to locomotor activity. We also focus on brain areas implicated in locomotor activity biorhythm changes like suprachiasmatic nucleus, subparaventricular zone posterior hypothalamic area, striatum and thalamus. Gender-related aspects and differences in locomotor activity in males and females are discussed further.
- MeSH
- hypothalamus fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokomoce fyziologie MeSH
- mozek fyziologie MeSH
- mozková kůra fyziologie MeSH
- nucleus suprachiasmaticus fyziologie MeSH
- receptor muskarinový M4 fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Locomotor activity is a major attribute of animals. Although this trait determines important ecological processes, such as dispersal and species interactions, the sources of its variation are not fully understood. We examined the influence of body temperature (13, 18, 23, and 28 °C) and individual identity on spontaneous locomotor activity in juvenile alpine newts, Ichthyosaura alpestris, over three consecutive weeks. Locomotor activity was characterized by four parameters: distance covered, mean velocity, frequency of movements, and total activity rate (all directional and non-directional movements). Apart from total activity rate, thermal reaction norms for locomotor parameters had convex or concave curvilinear shapes. During the first trial series, i.e. across the four body temperatures that were tested, individual identity explained less variation in thermal reaction norms than during the second series. Individual means, i.e. the vertical positions of individual thermal reaction norms, were repeatable between trial series in all locomotor activity parameters but the frequency of movements. We conclude that spontaneous locomotor activity is a complex trait, which can be characterized by several parameters with varying individual repeatability and thermal dependency. This information should be considered for planning further locomotor activity experiments, conservation strategies, and modeling ectotherm responses to climate change.
- MeSH
- lokomoce * MeSH
- Salamandridae fyziologie MeSH
- tělesná teplota * MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
