spreading method
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The objective of our study was to compare the five different scoring methods of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) assessment in a group of 213 cases of superficial spreading and nodular melanoma. The scoring methods include (a) Clark scoring; (b) Melanoma Institute Australia system; (c) scoring system used in the study of Saldanha et al.; (d) scoring system used in the TCGA study and modified by Park et al.; and (e) the system recently proposed by the "International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group" for TILs scoring in all solid tumors. Prediction of survival with three main outcomes-disease-specific-free survival, local recurrence-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival-was evaluated. The prognostic value of TILs showed statistical significance in univariate analysis regarding all three of the outcomes only for three of the five evaluated methods; the Clark scoring, the Melanoma Institute Australia system, and the system proposed by the "International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group". However, in multivariate analysis with covariants including Breslow thickness, type of melanoma, location, sex, and age, we did not find TILs to be an independent prognostic factor.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- melanom klasifikace imunologie patologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádory kůže imunologie patologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tumor infiltrující lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- zánět imunologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
CKGROUND/AIMS: Laterally spreading tumors (LST) are flat elevated neoplastic lesions with diameters equal to or greater than 10 mm. The treatment results of 138 lesions in 131 patients are presented here as a part of a retrospective analysis. METHODOLOGY: Two gastroenterology centers participated in the study in the period from 1/2002-12/2006. During colonoscopy, each superficial lesion was classified according to the Paris endoscopic classification. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) lift and cut was employed. Treatment was considered successful when both endoscopic and histo-pathological criteria of complete resection were fulfilled. RESULTS: A total of 138 LST in 131 patients were diagnosed. Average LST diameter was 25 mm. A total of 5 (3.6%) lesions in 4 patients were referred for primary surgery. One patient was treated with argon plasma coagulation only. EMR was attempted for 132/138 (95.7%) of all LST and was successful in 125 (90.6%) cases. Complications occured in 16/132 (12.1%) patients. Severe complications, defined as decession, emergency surgery, emergency endoscopy and transfusion of eryhrocyte concentrate occured in 5/132 (3.8%). One (0.7%) 69 year-old-male patient died on the third day following EMR due to complications of acute myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: LST lesions could be efficiently treated with EMR lift and cut method with a reasonable rate of complications.
Host-seeking Dermacentor reticulatus ticks were detected by flagging method at 46 localities at south-east part of the Czech Republic, in the basins of rivers Morava and Dyje. Exact north-west distribution limits of D. reticulatus were defined in this area for the first time. Detailed prediction map of probabilities of D. reticulatus occurrence was obtained using GIS analysis. Spatial model delimited a south-north gradient in probability across the studied area, with highest probabilities above 0.8 in its southernmost part. Abundance of D. reticulatus varied markedly between localities in interval 0.33-222 of ticks per flag per hour. The highest abundances were in flooded areas at lower streams, towards upper streams abundance and density of these ticks decreased. Females prevailed in samples with population sex ratio of 0.413, significantly deviating from parity. Larvae and nymphs of this species were not detected by flagging. Although D. reticulatus range expansion probably did not reach such a degree as reported in other countries, these ticks became very abundant in some parts of studied area. Since spreading of vector-borne diseases became a problem in Europe, the knowledge of their exact recent geographic ranges is important for future modelling of their shift predictability.
- MeSH
- arachnida jako vektory fyziologie MeSH
- demografie MeSH
- Dermacentor fyziologie MeSH
- hustota populace MeSH
- infestace klíšťaty epidemiologie parazitologie MeSH
- poměr pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
In all countries the political decisions aim to achieve an almost stable configuration with a small number of new infected individuals per day due to Covid-19. When such a condition is reached, the containment effort is usually reduced in favor of a gradual reopening of the social life and of the various economical sectors. However, in this new phase, the infection spread restarts and, moreover, possible mutations of the virus give rise to a large specific growth rate of the infected people. Therefore, a quantitative analysis of the regrowth pattern is very useful. We discuss a macroscopic approach which, on the basis of the collected data in the first lockdown, after few days from the beginning of the new phase, outlines different scenarios of the Covid-19 diffusion for longer time. The purpose of this paper is a demonstration-of-concept: one takes simple growth models, considers the available data and shows how the future trend of the spread can be obtained. The method applies a time dependent carrying capacity, analogously to many macroscopic growth laws in biology, economics and population dynamics. The illustrative cases of France, Italy and United Kingdom are analyzed.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The minimization is currently expanding in all fields of human life. The smaller size of analytical instruments and their higher sensitivity enables an analysis of small amounts of a biological material with a very low consumption of chemicals, what is economically and also environmentally benefi cial. A patient friendly and minimal invasive sample collection is therefore more than required. The dried blood spot (DBS) sampling standardly used in the newborn screening (NS) may be an option. The sample collection is simple, non-invasive, does not require trained medical personnel assistance and also storing and transportation of these samples is much easier in comparison with the whole blood samples. The DBS sampling method is used in the therapeutic drug monitoring or in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and its usage is still spreading. In some cases, it is still only a research object, but it shows a big potential for a future use. It could completely replace the whole venous blood collection in some cases, for example in the metabolic screening of diabetic patients or monitoring of treatment response, and it can overall simplify the sample collection and the transportation process (Tab. 1, Ref. 152).
BACKGROUND: Among superficial neoplastic lesions of the colon and rectum, a laterally spreading tumor (LST) is a flat elevated type at least 10 mm in size. It can be treated by conventional endoscopic resection (CER). Nevertheless, local residual neoplasia (LRN) may occur during follow-up. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the occurrence of LRN and the risk factors for its presence. METHODS: Consecutive patients referred for CER of an LST were included. Follow-up colonoscopies were performed after 3 and 15 months. LRN was defined histologically as the presence of neoplastic tissue in the post-CER site. RESULTS: Of a total of 127 patients with 127 lesions, follow-up could not be completed in 48 (37.8%). Of the remaining 79 (62.2%) patients (64.6% men, mean age 66.1±9.7 years), 63 (79.7%) were negative and 16 (20.3%) were positive for the presence of LRN after 15 months. Of 62 (78.5%) patients without LRN after 3 months, 55 (88.7%) remained negative after 15 months. Of 17 (21.5%) patients with LRN after 3 months, eight (47.1%) were negative after 15 months. In a multivariate analysis, LST size of at least 20 mm was found to be a significant risk factor after 3 months (odds ratio, 5.837; 95% confidence interval 1.199-28.425; P=0.029). After 15 months, the only significant risk factor was the presence of LRN observed after 3 months (odds ratio, 6.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.793-20.073; P=0.004). CONCLUSION: This prospective study shows that the occurrence of LRN is frequent and its treatment is less effective than reported previously. These are important limitations of CER and should be taken into consideration for the management of patients with LSTs.
- MeSH
- kolonoskopie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory patologie chirurgie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- pooperační období MeSH
- reziduální nádor MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
