INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer causes approximately 350,000 deaths each year. The availability of sensitive and specific diagnostic tests to detect cervical cancer in its early stages is essential to improve survival rates. METHODS: In this study, we compared two strategies for selecting endogenous controls: miRNA profiling by small-RNA sequencing and a commercially available microfluidic card with 30 recommended endogenous controls preloaded by the manufacturer. We used the RefFinder algorithm and coefficient of variation to select endogenous controls. We selected the combination of miR-181a-5p and miR-423-3p as the most optimal normalizer. In the second part of this study, we determined the differential expression (between tumor/non-tumor groups) of microRNA in cervical cancer FFPE tissue samples. We determined the comprehensive miRNA expression profile using small-RNA sequencing technology and verified the results by real-time PCR. We determined the relative expression of selected miRNAs using the 2-ΔΔCt method. RESULTS: We detected statistically significant upregulation of miR-320a-3p, miR-7704, and downregulation of miR-26a-5p in the tumor group compared to the control group. The combination of these miRNAs may have the potential to be utilized as a diagnostic panel for cervical cancer. Using ROC curve analysis, the proposed panel showed 93.33% specificity and 96.97% sensitivity with AUC = 0.985. CONCLUSIONS: We proposed a combination of miR-181a-5p and miR-423-3p as optimal endogenous control and detected potentially significant miRNAs (miR-320a-3p, miR-7704, miR-26a-5p). After further validation of our results, these miRNAs could be used in a diagnostic panel for cervical cancer.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Owing to their central role in the initiation and regulation of antitumor immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) have been widely tested for use in cancer immunotherapy. Despite several encouraging clinical applications, existing DC-based immunotherapy efforts have yielded inconsistent results. Recent work has identified strategies that may allow for more potent DC-based vaccines, such as the combination with antitumor agents that have the potential to synergistically enhance DC functions. Selected cytotoxic agents may stimulate DCs either by directly promoting their maturation or through the induction of immunogenic tumor cell death. Moreover, they may support DC-induced adaptive immune responses by disrupting tumor-induced immunosuppressive mechanisms via selective depletion or inhibition of regulatory subsets, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells and/or regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here, we summarize our current knowledge on the capacity of anticancer chemotherapeutics to modulate DC phenotype and functions and the results of ongoing clinical trials evaluating the use of DC-based immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy in cancer patients.
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- dendritické buňky imunologie MeSH
- imunoterapie MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protinádorové vakcíny imunologie MeSH
- vakcinace * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of death from gynecologic tumors, however, the molecular and especially epigenetic events underlying this transformation are poorly understood. Promoter methylation status of tumor suppressor genes may be associated with transcriptional silencing and tumor progression. It has been shown that methylation of CpG dinucleotides located in the promoter region of p53 is associated with low expression levels of this gene. The aim of this study was to investigate promoter methylation of p53 gene in ovarian cancer by comparison with normal ovarian tissue. METHODS: To search for promoter methylation of p53 gene we used methylation-specific PCR (MSP) to compare the methylation status of 66 tissue samples of ovarian cancer with 37 control samples. RESULTS: In our study methylation specific PCR revealed p53 promoter methylation in 34 of 66 (51.5 %) of specimens with ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that methylation in p53 promoter region may play an important role in carcinogenesis of ovarian cancer and could potentially be used in screening of ovarian cancer, and may have implications for future chemotherapy based on epigenetic changes.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metylace DNA genetika MeSH
- nádorový supresorový protein p53 genetika MeSH
- nádory glandulární a epitelové genetika MeSH
- nádory vaječníků genetika MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- promotorové oblasti (genetika) genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Synchronous primary cancers of the endometrium and ovary occur in approximately 10% of all women with ovarian cancer and 5% of all women with endometrial cancer. The pathogenesis of synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer is unclear. Synchronous tumors tend to be low grade and early stage. The prognosis is much better with survival approaching ten years than if the disease was classified as a single organ disease with metastasis. We report a case of unusual co-existence of endometroid adenocarcinoma of the uterus, serous borderline tumor of the ovary and Brenner tumor of the contralateral ovary in a 63-year-old woman. The patient recieved a surgical treatment and postoperative irradiation.
- MeSH
- biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny MeSH
- Brennerův nádor patologie MeSH
- endometroidní karcinom patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetné primární nádory MeSH
- nádory endometria patologie MeSH
- nádory vaječníků patologie MeSH
- serózní cystadenokarcinom patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
The occurrence of liposarcoma in the tongue is rare with only 34 cases published so far. We report six new cases of atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) of the tongue, and detection of mdm-2 and CDK4 expression by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively, was performed. The series comprised three males and three females, aged 11-78 years. The tumors arose at the lateral side of the tongue, and in one case, multiple tumor nodules were noted. Follow-up information in five cases (range from 4 to 159 months) revealed one local recurrence at 6 months. Microscopically, four cases had features of lipoma-like ALT, whereas two cases displayed patterns of sclerosing ALT. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells revealed expression of vimentin (five of five), S100 (five of five), mdm-2 (three of five), and CDK4 (four of five). Two cases were also examined by FISH; amplification of mdm-2 gene was found in both cases, whereas amplification of CDK4 gene was present in one case only. To the best of our knowledge, this is the third largest series reporting occurrence of ALT in the tongue and the first one where analysis of mdm-2 and CDK4 proteins/genes expression/amplification was performed. Both these markers may be of help in the differential diagnosis of ALT versus lipoma. Although most ALTs of the tongue behave in the nonaggressive fashion, they may recur locally. Based on current data, the term ALT is strongly recommended for tumors occurring in the tongue to prevent inadequate treatment.
- MeSH
- cyklin-dependentní kinasa 4 metabolismus MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hybridizace in situ fluorescenční MeSH
- jazyk patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipom patologie MeSH
- liposarkom metabolismus patologie MeSH
- nádory jazyka metabolismus patologie MeSH
- proteiny S100 metabolismus MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny c-mdm2 metabolismus MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vimentin metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
