1. Selection strategies for broilers must balance rapid growth with the welfare and health of animals, strategies must deal with the trade-off with other vital functions.2. Divergent selection of Japanese quail for high (HG) and low (LG) relative body weight gain between 11 and 28 days of age has been conducted to accelerate linear phase growth without influencing the final adult body weight. Higher body growth rate is often connected with a weakened immune system. Therefore, the present study explored the immunological characterisation of quail from HG and LG lines, which differ substantially in their growth rate.3. The trial evaluated the maternal investment to immunologically active substances, cell-mediated immunity stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) injection and the acute phase of the immune response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration in three different phases of early postnatal growth.4. Except for higher lysozyme activity in the LG group when compared to the HG line, the maternal investment did not differ between the two lines. Plasma antibody concentrations responded quickly to any change in growth rate in both lines. Overall, it seems that initial rapid growth of the LG line had long-lasting effects on immune responsiveness, even after the growth rate of the HG line escalated during the linear phase of growth.5. The study indicated that changes in the growth rate caused by the selection for growth in meat-type Japanese quail can influence the acute phase of the immune response and development of the immune system.
- MeSH
- buněčná imunita MeSH
- bursa Fabricii anatomie a histologie patologie MeSH
- Coturnix růst a vývoj imunologie MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- fytohemaglutininy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- hmotnostní přírůstek imunologie MeSH
- imunitní systém růst a vývoj imunologie MeSH
- imunoglobuliny analýza MeSH
- interleukin-6 genetika MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- muramidasa analýza MeSH
- protilátky krev MeSH
- slezina anatomie a histologie patologie MeSH
- vejce analýza klasifikace MeSH
- velikost orgánu MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The Campylobacter jejuni-host interaction may be affected by the host's gut microbiota through competitive exclusion, metabolites, or modification of the immune response. To understand this interaction, C. jejuni colonization and local immune responses were compared in chickens with different gut microbiota compositions. Birds were treated with an antibiotic cocktail (AT) (experiments 1 and 2) or raised under germfree (GF) conditions (experiment 3). At 18 days posthatch (dph), they were orally inoculated either with 104 CFU of C. jejuni or with diluent. Cecal as well as systemic C. jejuni colonization, T- and B-cell numbers in the gut, and gut-associated tissue were compared between the different groups. Significantly higher numbers of CFU of C. jejuni were detected in the cecal contents of AT and GF birds, with higher colonization rates in spleen, liver, and ileum, than in birds with a conventional gut microbiota (P < 0.05). Significant upregulation of T and B lymphocyte numbers was detected in cecum, cecal tonsils, and bursa of Fabricius of AT or GF birds after C. jejuni inoculation compared to the respective controls (P < 0.05). This difference was less clear in birds with a conventional gut microbiota. Histopathological gut lesions were observed only in C. jejuni-inoculated AT and GF birds but not in microbiota-colonized C. jejuni-inoculated hatchmates. These results demonstrate that the gut microbiota may contribute to the control of C. jejuni colonization and prevent lesion development. Further studies are needed to identify key players of the gut microbiota and the mechanisms behind their protective role.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- B-lymfocyty imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- bursa Fabricii účinky léků imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- Campylobacter jejuni účinky léků imunologie patogenita MeSH
- cékum účinky léků imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- gnotobiologické modely imunologie MeSH
- ileum účinky léků imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- interakce hostitele a patogenu imunologie MeSH
- játra účinky léků imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- kampylobakterové infekce imunologie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- kur domácí MeSH
- mikrobiální interakce imunologie MeSH
- nemoci drůbeže imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- počet mikrobiálních kolonií MeSH
- slezina účinky léků imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra imunologie MeSH
- T-lymfocyty imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Artiodactyls possess GALT that appears in fetal life and is located at the extreme end of the ileum. These IPP contain mostly B cells and involute early in postnatal life. Rabbits have a similarly located lymphoid organ, called the sacculus rotundus. Studies in sheep and rabbits have led to the concept that the lower hindgut GALT represents primary lymphoid tissue for B cells and is necessary for normal B cell development, analogous to the bursa of Fabricius. This review traces the history of the observations and theories that have led to the existing concept concerning the role of lower GALT. We then review recent data from piglets with resected IPP that challenges the concept that the IPP is primary B cell lymphoid tissue and that artiodactyls and rabbits are members of the GALT group in the same context as gallinaceous birds. Eliminating the IPP as the primary lymphoid tissue for B cells leads to the hypothesis that the IPP acts as first-responder mucosal lymphoid tissue.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- Artiodactyla imunologie MeSH
- B-lymfocyty cytologie imunologie MeSH
- buněčný rodokmen MeSH
- bursa Fabricii cytologie imunologie chirurgie MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- gnotobiologické modely MeSH
- imunitní systém embryologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- králíci imunologie MeSH
- kur domácí imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfatické uzliny cytologie imunologie MeSH
- lymfoidní tkáň cytologie imunologie chirurgie MeSH
- lymfopoéza MeSH
- mezenterium imunologie MeSH
- modely imunologické MeSH
- Peyerovy pláty cytologie imunologie chirurgie MeSH
- prasata imunologie MeSH
- savci embryologie imunologie MeSH
- střeva imunologie MeSH
- střevní sliznice embryologie růst a vývoj imunologie MeSH
- tvorba protilátek MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- králíci imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
