Sleep and light education (SLE) combined with relaxation is a potential method of addressing sleep and affective problems in older people. 47 participants took part in a four-week sleep education program. SLE was conducted once a week for 60-90 minutes. Participants were instructed on sleep and light hygiene, sleep processes, and practiced relaxation techniques. Participants were wearing actigraphs for 6 weeks, completed daily sleep diaries, and wore blue light-blocking glasses 120 minutes before bedtime. Measures included scores of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and actigraphy measurements of sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and sleep fragmentation. Sleep quality increased after SLE based on the subjective assessment and in the objective measurement with actigraphy. PSQI scores were statistically reduced indicating better sleep. Scores after the intervention significantly decreased in ESS and ISS. Sleep latency significantly decreased, whereas sleep efficiency and fragmentation index (%), did not improve. Mood significantly improved after SLE, with lower scores on the BDI-II and STAI. SLE combined with relaxation proved to be an effective method to reduce sleep problems and the incidence of depressive and anxiety symptoms.

• MeSH
• afekt * fyziologie   MeSH
• aktigrafie MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus fyziologie   MeSH
• deprese MeSH
• kvalita spánku MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• relaxace fyziologie   MeSH
• relaxační terapie metody   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spánek * fyziologie   MeSH
• světlo MeSH
• úzkost MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

This study aimed to investigate the effects of shift work on sleep quality, cardiovascular function, and physical activity (PA) levels in Taiwanese police officers. Twenty-one male police officers aged 26.9 ± 4.1 years old located in Taipei voluntarily participated in this study. The participants completed the resting heart rate (HR) and hemodynamic variables (e.g. blood pressure, BP) before and after day-time (DTW) and night-time (NTW) shift work phases (5 working days and 2 resting days for each phase). Additionally, an actigraphy was administered to measure PA and sleep patterns in the last 3 working days. The average total sleep time and sleep efficiency were 278.5 ± 79. 6 min and 72.9 ± 10%, respectively, in the NTW phases, which were significantly lower than that in the DTW phases. A comparison of the PA characteristics between the two phases revealed that a lower proportion of moderate-vigorous PA (1.2 ± 0.8%) and a greater proportion of sedentary behaviour PA (74.8 ± 6.4%) was found in the NTW phases. The results of hemodynamic measures demonstrated that the police officers have significantly elevated systolic BP by 3.3% and diastolic BP by 3.9% after the NTW phases. Furthermore, the NTW phases exhibited a significantly higher percentage change ratio of systolic BP and diastolic BP compared to the DTW phases. Compared with the DTW phases, the NTW phase was significantly more likely to report higher decreasing parasympathetic-related HR variability with a range of -5.9% to -7.8%. In conclusion, night-time shift work resulted in negative physiological changes leading to adverse effects on the health and well-being of Taiwanese police officers.

• MeSH
• aktigrafie MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * fyziologie   MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• krevní tlak * fyziologie   MeSH
• kvalita spánku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• policie * MeSH
• práce na směny MeSH
• spánek fyziologie   MeSH
• srdeční frekvence * fyziologie   MeSH
• vliv směnného provozu na zdraví * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Taiwan MeSH

The objectives of this study were to investigate: 1) whether there were morning-to-evening differences in short-term maximal performance and 2) the impact of prolonged and specific warm-up on short-term maximal performance diurnal variations in young basketball players. Fifteen basketball players of both sexes (Male = 8; Female = 7; age: 14.4 ± 0.46 yr; weight: 64.7 ± 7.1 kg; height: 175.2 ± 6.6 cm; BMI: 21.1 ± 1.9 kg/m2) completed the following short-term maximal performance tests: CMJ with and without arm swing, Lane Agility Drill, Zig-Zag agility test with and without the ball, Sprint 20 m with and without the ball with the passage at 5 and 10 m. All tests were performed after the 15-min standard warm-up procedure (with static stretching) and/or 25-min specific warm-up (with prolonged running and dynamic stretching) in the morning and evening. Vertical jumping tests and all change-of-direction speed tests (with and without a ball) with superior responses were achieved in the evening after standard warm-up among all participants (p < 0.05). In contrast, superior short-term maximal performance was observed in the morning after prolonged and specific warm-up protocol (p < 0.05). It was concluded that specific and prolonged warm-up protocols are suitable strategy to prevent diurnal variation in short-term maximal performance in young basketball players.

• MeSH
• basketbal * fyziologie   MeSH
• běh * fyziologie   MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• sportovní výkon * fyziologie   MeSH
• strečink * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In this work, we investigated the accuracy of chronotype estimation from actigraphy while evaluating the required recording length and stability over time. Chronotypes have an important role in chronobiological and sleep research. In outpatient studies, chronotypes are typically evaluated by questionnaires. Alternatively, actigraphy provides potential means for measuring chronotype characteristics objectively, which opens many applications in chronobiology research. However, studies providing objective, critical evaluation of agreement between questionnaire-based and actigraphy-based chronotypes are lacking. We recorded 3-months of actigraphy and collected Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) results from 122 women. Regression models were applied to evaluate the questionnaire-based chronotypes scores using selected actigraphy features. Changes in predictive strength were evaluated based on actigraphy recordings of different duration. The actigraphy was significantly associated with the questionnaire-based chronotype, and the best single-feature-based models explained 37% of the variability (R2) for MEQ (p < .001), 47% for mid-sleep time MCTQ-MSFsc (p < .001), and 19% for social jetlag MCTQ-SJLrel (p < .001). Concerning stability in time, the Mid-sleep and Acrophase features showed high levels of stability (test-retest R ~ 0.8), and actigraphy-based MSFscacti and SJLrelacti showed high temporal variability (test-retest R ~ 0.45). Concerning required recording length, features estimated from recordings with 3-week and longer observation periods had sufficient predictive power on unseen data. Additionally, our data showed that the subjectively reported extremes of the MEQ, MCTQ-MSFsc, and MCTQ-SJLrel are commonly overestimated compared to objective activity peak and middle of sleep differences measured by actigraphy. Such difference may be associated with chronotype time-variation. As actigraphy is considered accurate in sleep-wake cycle detection, we conclude that actigraphy-based chronotyping is appropriate for large-scale studies, especially where higher temporal variability in chronotype is expected.

• MeSH
• aktigrafie * MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• spánek MeSH
• zápěstí MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Circadian preferences are frequently used as a synonym for chronotype. Both terms are based on different principles and are measured by a variant questionnaire. We focused on circadian preferences, delimited as an individual preference for the timing of various activities, and their relationship to the selected sociodemographic factors. All participants (n = 2068) filled out online questionnaires including MEQ, MCTQ, and sociodemographic information (age, sex, place of residence, marital status, childcare, education, financial security, physical and mental health). Although the concept of chronotype and circadian preference differ, the mutual correlation was high. Our results of the observed variables are similar to other studies. We revealed evening preference is related to a higher probability of living in a big city, having a single life, a higher risk of smoking, worse health status, and worse financial security. We observed a higher social jet lag among them. Our research complies with previous studies, which found that in some areas, people with evening preferences evince worse results. Due to the evening preference, these people are at a disadvantage, and the society's setting for morning operations can lead to a deepening of these differences. We recommend further research, which would focus on the practical application of results to the everyday life of participants to create preventive programs aimed at reducing the negative impact of evening preferences on life.

• MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * MeSH
• jet lag syndrom MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• spánek * MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Circadian clocks regulate multiple physiological domains from molecular to behavioral levels and adjust bodily physiology to seasonal changes in day length. Circadian regulation of cellular bioenergy and immunity in the cardiovascular and muscle systems may underpin the individual diurnal differences in performance capacity during exercise. Several studies have shown diurnal differences in cardiopulmonary parameters at maximal and submaximal workloads in morning and evening circadian human phenotypes. However, the effect of seasons on these changes was not elucidated. In this study, we recruited subjects with Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire scores corresponding to morning and evening types. Subjects underwent morning (7:00-9:00) and evening (20:00-22:00) maximal workload spiroergometry in both winter and summer seasons. We analyzed their performance time, anaerobic threshold, heart rate, and respiratory parameters. Our results suggest that evening types manifest diurnal variations in physical performance, particularly in winter. They also have slower heart rate recovery than morning types, irrespective of the time of day or season. Compared to winter, the chronotype effect on the magnitude of morning-evening differences in performance time, maximal heart rate, and anaerobic threshold onset was more significant in summer. Our data are in concordance with previous observations and confirm the difference between morning and evening types in the timing of maximum performance capacity.

• MeSH
• cirkadiánní hodiny * MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• roční období MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Chronotype refer to individuals' time-of-day preferences for activities, which can be classified as "morning types = (M-types)", "evening types = (E-types)", and "neither types (N-types)". The primary aim of this study was to compare the chronotype distribution of Czech First League (1L) and Czech National Football League (2L) male elite football players, which was divided into two secondary aims: (i) statistically identify and compare the number (presence) of particular chronotypes in 1L, and (ii) statistically identify and compare the number (presence) of particular chronotypes in 2L. The present cross-sectional study employed a self-reported standardized questionnaire, the Composite Scale of Morningness, to study the chronotype distribution among the male elite football players. The chronotype distribution of 139 (85 from 1L with mean age ± S.D. = 25.5 ± 3.7 years and 54 from 2L age = 24.4 ± 4.5 years) players was assessed. Overall, 61 (71.8%) of the participants from 1L were mainly N-types, followed by M- and E-types. Similarly, 40 (74.1%) participants from 2L were mainly N-types, followed by M- and E-types. The statistical analysis of the 1L players showed a significantly higher presence of N-types compared to M- and E-types (χ2(2) = 57.62, p < .05, V = .58). The same results were detected in 2L, where the N-type was identified in the majority of football players (χ2(2) = 57.62, p < .05, V = .58). The statistical comparison of the number of presented chronotypes did not show a significant difference (F = 3.29, p > .05, V = .16) between players of the 1L and 2L. Thus, N-types are dominant among Czech elite football players, and the chronotype distribution of male elite football players from the Czech First League and the Czech National Football League does not vary.

• MeSH
• americký fotbal * MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fotbal * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of combining CBT-I with wearing blue-light blocking glasses 90 min prior to bedtime on subjective and objective sleep parameters and daily symptoms (anxiety, depression, hyperarousal). Thirty patients (mean age 48.1 ± 16.13 years, range 21-71, 15 men/15 women) completed a CBT-I group therapy program, with groups randomly assigned to either "active" (blue-light filtering glasses) condition or "placebo" (glasses without filtering properties) condition. Patients were continually monitored by wristwatch actigraphy, kept their sleep diaries and completed a standard questionnaire battery at admission and after the end of the program. Statistical analyses showed a greater reduction of BAI score in "active" (4.33 ± 4.58) versus "placebo" (-0.92 ± 3.68) groups of patients [F = 6.389, p = .019, Cohen's d = 1.26] and significant prolongation of subjective total sleep time in "active" (-36.88 ± 48.68 min.) versus "placebo" (7.04 ± 47.50 min.) [F = 8.56, p < .01, d = 0.91] group. When pre- and post-treatment results were compared in both groups separately, using paired-samples t-tests, significant differences were observed also in the active group for BDI-II score (t = 3.66, p = .003, Cohen's d = 0.95) and HAS score (t = 2.90, p = .012, Cohen's d = 0.75). No significant differences were found in the placebo group. In active group, there was also a significant reduction of subjective sleep latency (t = 2.65, p = .021, d = 0.73) and an increase of subjective total sleep time (t = -2.73, p = .018, d = -0.76) without change in objective sleep duration which was significantly shortened in the placebo group. We provide further evidence that blocking short-wavelength light in the evening hours may be beneficial for patients suffering from insomnia.

• MeSH
• aktigrafie MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kognitivně behaviorální terapie * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * terapie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spánek MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

The Chinese Government quarantined Wuhan on 23 January 2020 and thereafter the Hubei province, affecting a total of 59 million citizens, to cease the spread of the coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19). The effects of this lockdown on the psychological and mental health of both the affected and unaffected Chinese are largely unknown currently. We utilized one of the largest crowdsourced databases (Sleep as Android) that consisted of 15,681 sleep records from 563 users in China to estimate the change in the sleep pattern of Chinese users during the span of 30 December 2019 to 8 March 2020 with reference to 64,378 sleep records of 1,628 users for the same calendar period of years 2011-2019. The sleep pattern in China changed drastically after 23 January 2020 when the law of quarantine and suspension of Wuhan became effective. The two major findings are: (1) Chinese people increased their sleep duration by an average of 20 min and delayed their sleep onset by an average of 30 min at weekdays, while they maintained a similar sleep duration at weekends, and (2) larger changes were found in several subgroups, including those in Wuhan (80 sleep records from 3 users), female subjects, and those aged ≤ 24 years. Overall, Chinese people slept later and longer than usual during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine.

• MeSH
• bdění * MeSH
• Betacoronavirus metabolismus   MeSH
• chytrý telefon MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus fyziologie   MeSH
• COVID-19 MeSH
• crowdsourcing * MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• epidemický výskyt choroby MeSH
• karanténa psychologie   MeSH
• koronavirové infekce patofyziologie   virologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• poruchy spánku a bdění epidemiologie   MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• spánek fyziologie   MeSH
• virová pneumonie patofyziologie   virologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH

A chronotype is a designation for individual preference of times for different activities in humans. In chronobiological research, it can be measured in many ways, including subjective questionnaires. The most frequently used questionnaires for determining the chronotype are Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ). Many studies from around the world have already reported metric properties of the MEQ and MCTQ and their relationship in different languages. In this study, we created the Czech version of the MCTQ and examined its relationship with the Czech version of MEQ, including socio-demographic effects. We also examined the ability of the MCTQ to identify chronotypes and cutoffs for their determination. In total, 2703 people (1964 females, 739 males, 18-75 years of age) were screened by the MEQ, MCTQ and reported on age, sex and self-declared body mass index (BMI). We found a significant relationship (p < .001) between MEQ and MCTQ (MSFsc score, used as a chronotype indicator). No significant sex differences in MEQ and in MSFsc were found, but the relationship between age and MSFsc (mid-sleep on free days corrected for sleep debt on weekdays) (p < .001), MEQ (p < .001), social jet-lag (SJL, p < .001) and BMI (p < .001) were found. The SJL was related to MSFsc (p < .001), MEQ (p < .001) and BMI (p < .05). The optimal cutoff value of MSFsc to identify morning and evening chronotype was 3.35 and 4.6, respectively. The results of this study support the mutual substitutability of the Czech version of MEQ and MCTQ.

• MeSH
• cirkadiánní rytmus * MeSH
• jazyk (prostředek komunikace) * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• spánek * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH