Aim: The main objective was to determine how hospitalized patients subjectively perceive sleep disturbances. The study also assessed the influence of selected factors (physiological, physical, environmental, and psychological) and clinical and demographic variables on sleep disruption. Design: A multicenter descriptive study. Methods: Conducted in seven Czech hospitals from February to May 2023, the study included 397 patients in general wards. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire on sleep disturbances, and the results were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests. Results: The sample comprised 193 males (48.6 %) and 204 females (51.4%). Females reported more sleep disturbances than males (p = 0.023). Psychological and physical factors had a greater impact on females. Younger patients reported poorer sleep quality (p = 0.015). Pain was the strongest clinical factor that negatively affected sleep (Ra = 0.730). Environmental factors were the leading cause of sleep disturbance in patients (Ra = 0.836). The variability associated with all the factors studied (environmental, psychological, physiological, and physical) accounted for 97.6% of the total variability in sleep disturbance. Conclusion: Females and younger patients experienced more sleep disturbance. Pain and environmental factors were the primary causes of disrupted sleep. Differences were noted in the factors affecting sleep between genders.
Poruchy spánku predstavujú častú komorbiditu u pacientov s cievnou mozgovou príhodou (CMP). Vzájomné vzťahy medzi poruchami spánku a CMP sú komplexné a obojsmerné. Poruchy spánku môžu jednak predstavovať rizikový faktor vzniku CMP, na druhej strane môže lézia centrálneho nervového systému navodiť narušenie spánku. Spánkové poruchy a ich liečba môžu vo výraznej miere modifikovať proces rekonvalescencie pacienta a ovplyvňovať aj riziko recidívy CMP. V nasledujúcom texte približujeme uvedenú problematiku. Pozornosť venujeme nielen detailne preskúmanému spánkovému apnoe, ale objasňujeme aj úlohu porúch hybnosti viazaných na spánok a insomnie. Interakcie CMP s hypersomniami, poruchami cirkadiánnej rytmicity a parasomniami budú musieť detailnejšie odhaliť až budúce prospektívne štúdie.
Sleep disorders represent a common comorbidity in patients with stroke. Their relationships are complex and bidirectional. Sleep disorders can act as a risk factor for the development of stroke. On the other hand, lesions in the central nervous system can lead to sleep disturbances. Sleep disorders and their treatment can significantly modify the recovery process of the patient and also affect the risk of stroke recurrence. In the following text, we present the mentioned topic. We focus not only on the well-studied sleep apnea but also explain the role of sleep-related movement disorders and insomnia. The interactions of stroke with hypersomnias, circadian rhythm disorders, and parasomnias will need to be more thoroughly investigated by future prospective studies.
- MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda * diagnóza etiologie klasifikace prevence a kontrola MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy cirkadiánního rytmu (spánek) diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- poruchy spánku a bdění * diagnóza etiologie klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- poruchy spánku z vnitřních příčin diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- syndromy spánkové apnoe diagnóza klasifikace komplikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Nespavost je porucha hlavního spánku, která výrazně narušuje denní aktivitu jedince. Nekvalitní nebo nedostatečný spánek může vést k únavnosti, pracovní nevýkonnosti, k poklesu denní bdělosti až k narušení kognitivních funkcí. Dobrý spánek je vnímán jako jeden ze základních atributů dobrého zdraví. Informaci o nespavosti je proto potřeba vždy věnovat zvýšenou pozornost.
Insomnia is a main sleep disorder that significantly disrupts an individual's daily activity. Poor-quality or insufficient sleep can lead to fatigue, work inefficiency, a decrease in daytime vigilance, and even impaired cognitive functions. Good sleep is perceived as one of the basic attributes of good health. Therefore, information about insomnia should always be paid close attention to.
- MeSH
- léky bez předpisu aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- samoléčba * MeSH
- spánková hygiena MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
PURPOSE: Social media use has increased rapidly during the past decade, raising concerns about adolescents who display problematic social media use (PSMU), as indicated by addiction-like symptoms (e.g., preoccupation, tolerance). We aimed to assess the extent to which an individual resource (health literacy), and social resources (friend support and family support), moderated the association between a range of individual characteristics (gender, age, family affluence, and depressive feelings) and PSMU; also the association between PSMU and health outcomes (self-rated health, life satisfaction, and sleep difficulties), both cross-nationally and nationally. METHODS: Our sample included 22,226 adolescents from six European countries. We used data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children cross-sectional survey (2017/2018). Random-effects models and moderator analyses were applied. RESULTS: Six moderations were found, with the resources moderating the association between individual characteristics and PSMU. One moderation emerged cross-nationally, namely that a higher level of family support was associated with a lower likelihood of PSMU, especially among adolescents who did not have frequent depressive feelings. In addition, five national moderations were identified. For example, a higher level of health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of PSMU among Finnish girls. The resources were also found to moderate the association between PSMU and health outcomes, with two moderations emerging cross-nationally. For instance, a higher level of family support was related to higher self-rated health, especially among problematic users. In addition, nine national moderations were identified; these included a higher level of health literacy being associated with having less sleep difficulties, especially among problematic users in Germany. DISCUSSION: In adolescence, health literacy, family support, and friend support have the potential to moderate the association between individual characteristics and PSMU, and between PSMU and health outcomes, cross-nationally and nationally. We recommend the use of universal and targeted interventions to promote individual and social resources to counteract PSMU.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- návykové chování * MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- sociální média * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sleep disorders often predict or co-occur with cognitive decline. Yet, little is known about how the relationship unfolds among older adults at risk for cognitive decline. To examine the associations of sleep disorders with cognitive decline in older adults with unimpaired cognition or impaired cognition (mild cognitive impairment and dementia). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 5,822 participants (Mage = 70) of the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database with unimpaired or impaired cognition were followed for 3 subsequent waves. Four types of clinician-diagnosed sleep disorders were reported: sleep apnea, hyposomnia/insomnia, REM sleep behavior disorder, or "other." Cognition over time was measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or an estimate of general cognitive ability (GCA) derived from scores based on 12 neuropsychological tests. Growth curve models were estimated adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: In participants with impaired cognition, baseline sleep apnea was related to better baseline MoCA performance (b = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = [0.07, 1.23]) and less decline in GCA over time (b = 0.06, 95% CI = [0.001, 0.12]). Baseline insomnia was related to better baseline MoCA (b = 1.54, 95% CI = [0.88, 2.21]) and less decline in MoCA over time (b = 0.56, 95% CI = [0.20, 0.92]). Furthermore, having more sleep disorders (across the 4 types) at baseline predicted better baseline MoCA and GCA, and less decline in MoCA and GCA over time. These results were only found in those with impaired cognition and generally consistent when using self-reported symptoms of sleep apnea or insomnia. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Participants with sleep disorder diagnoses may have better access to healthcare, which may help maintain cognition through improved sleep.
- MeSH
- kognice MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce * psychologie MeSH
- kognitivní stárnutí * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * epidemiologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- syndromy spánkové apnoe * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
Spánek patří mezi základní fyziologické potřeby nutné pro udržení fyzického i duševního zdraví. Jednou z nejčastějších spánkových poruch je nespavost, jejímž projevem je opakovaná porucha usínání nebo průběhu spánku (přerušovaný spánek, brzké probouzení či nerestorativní spánek). V terapii insomnie je na prvním místě doporučována nefarmakologická léčba. Cílem tohoto sdělení je seznámení odborné veřejnosti s aktuálními poznatky o nefarmakologické léčbě nespavosti. Mezi základní pilíře patří kognitivně behaviorální terapie. Kognitivně behaviorální terapie odstraňuje konkrétní příčiny nespavosti. Kognitivní složka tohoto přístupu se zaměřuje na odstranění nežádoucích myšlenek způsobujících problémy s usínáním a udržením kvalitního spánku. Druhá část, behaviorální, upravuje pacientovo chování a doporučuje specifická režimová opatření ke zvýšení kvality spánku, např. dodržování zásad spánkové hygieny.
Sleep is a basic physiological need to maintain physical and mental health. Insomnia represents a common unit in the group of sleep disorders. The main accompanying phenomena of insomnia are difficulty falling asleep, interrupted sleep, early awakening, or nonrestorative sleep. Although nonpharmacological therapies are recommended as first-line treatment for insomnia. This article aims to provide an up-to-date review on the nonpharmacologic treatment of insomnia in adults, where the pillar is cognitive behavioral therapy. Its cognitive component focuses on eliminating inappropriate thoughts accompanying insomnia that cause difficulty falling asleep. The second part, behavioral, is focused on the individual's behavior concerning sleep.
Insomnia is a prevalent and disabling condition whose treatment is not always effective. This pilot study explores the feasibility and effects of closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) as a potential non-invasive intervention to improve sleep, its subjective quality, and memory consolidation in patients with insomnia. A total of 27 patients with chronic insomnia underwent a crossover, sham-controlled study with 2 nights of either CLAS or sham stimulation. Polysomnography was used to record sleep parameters, while questionnaires and a word-pair memory task were administered to assess subjective sleep quality and memory consolidation. The initial analyses included 17 patients who completed the study, met the inclusion criteria, and received CLAS. From those, 10 (58%) received only a small number of stimuli. In the remaining seven (41%) patients with sufficient CLAS, we evaluated the acute and whole-night effect on sleep. CLAS led to a significant immediate increase in slow oscillation (0.5-1 Hz) amplitude and activity, and reduced delta (1-4 Hz) and sigma/sleep spindle (12-15 Hz) activity during slow-wave sleep across the whole night. All these fundamental sleep rhythms are implicated in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Yet, CLAS did not change sleep-dependent memory consolidation or sleep macrostructure characteristics, number of arousals, or subjective perception of sleep quality. Results showed CLAS to be feasible in patients with insomnia. However, a high variance in the efficacy of our automated stimulation approach suggests that further research is needed to optimise stimulation protocols to better unlock potential CLAS benefits for sleep structure and subjective sleep quality in such clinical settings.
- MeSH
- akustická stimulace * metody MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektroencefalografie MeSH
- klinické křížové studie * MeSH
- konsolidace paměti fyziologie MeSH
- kvalita spánku MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- polysomnografie * MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * terapie patofyziologie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- spánek pomalých vln * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Humánne priónové ochorenia (PO) predstavujú osobitnú skupinu letálnych neurodegeneratívnych ochorení. Hlavným zástupcom je Creutzfeldtova‐Jakobova choroba (CJD), ktorá je prototypom rýchlo sa rozvíjajúcej demencie. Článok pojednáva o klinických a genetických korelátoch CJD s dôrazom na identifikáciu genetických foriem vrátane genetického poradenstva. Pri získaných PO je zaujímavým faktom ukončenie výskytu kuru a nového variantu CJD, keď cielené epidemiologické opatrenia viedli k prerušeniu vzorca prenosu patologického priónového proteínu (PrPSc). Zo zriedkavých genetických PO rozoberáme vzácne diagnostikovanú Gerstmannovu‐Sträusslerovu‐Scheinkerovu chorobu (GSS), ako aj unikátnu fatálnu familiárnu insomniu (FFI). Cieľom príspevku je podať aktuálne informácie o humánnych PO.
Human prion diseases are a distinct group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a prototype of rapidly developing dementia, is the main representative. The article deals with the clinical and genetic correlates of CJD with an emphasis placed on the identification of genetic forms, including genetic counselling. In the case of acquired prion diseases, an interesting fact is the cessation of occurrence of kuru and variant CJD when targeted epidemiological measures have resulted in disrupting the transmission pattern of the pathological prion protein (PrPSc). As far as rare genetic prion diseases are concerned, the rarely diagnosed Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease (GSS) as well as the unique fatal familial insomnia are discussed (FFI). The aim of the paper is to provide current information on human prion diseases.
- MeSH
- Creutzfeldtova-Jakobova nemoc diagnóza genetika patologie terapie MeSH
- genetické testování MeSH
- Gerstmannova-Strausslerova-Scheinkerova nemoc diagnóza genetika patologie terapie MeSH
- insomnie fatální familiární MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prionové nemoci * diagnóza genetika patologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To identify distinct sleep health phenotypes in adults, examine transitions in sleep health phenotypes over time, and subsequently relate these to the risk of chronic conditions. METHODS: A national sample of adults from the Midlife in the United States study ( N = 3683) provided longitudinal data with two time points (T1: 2004-2006, T2: 2013-2017). Participants self-reported on sleep health (regularity, satisfaction, alertness, efficiency, duration) and the number and type of chronic conditions. Covariates included age, sex, race, education, education, partnered status, number of children, work status, smoking, alcohol, and physical activity. RESULTS: Latent transition analysis identified four sleep health phenotypes across both time points: good sleepers, insomnia sleepers, weekend catch-up sleepers, and nappers. Between T1 and T2, the majority (77%) maintained their phenotype, with the nappers and insomnia sleepers being the most stable. In fully adjusted models with good sleepers at both time points as the reference, being an insomnia sleeper at either time point was related to having an increased number of total chronic conditions by 28%-81% at T2, adjusting for T1 conditions. Insomnia sleepers at both time points were at 72%-188% higher risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression, and frailty. Being a napper at any time point related to increased risks for diabetes, cancer, and frailty. Being a weekend catch-up sleeper was not associated with chronic conditions. Those with lower education and unemployed were more likely to be insomnia sleepers; older adults and retirees were more likely to be nappers. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate a heightened risk of chronic conditions involved in suboptimal sleep health phenotypes, mainly insomnia sleepers.
- MeSH
- chronická nemoc MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * epidemiologie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review is to describe the effects of analgesics on sleep. DATA SOURCES: Systematic search of the databases of PubMed and the Cochrane Library was performed between January and September 2021. REVIEW/ANALYSIS METHODS: The search included all articles on the topic published during the past 20 years (2000-2020). The search strategy was developed using a controlled vocabulary of known studies meeting the inclusion criteria and focused on the following terms: chronic pain, pain, sleep disturbance, insomnia, analgesic, analgesic medication, antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, nonsteroidal drugs, opioids, and quality of life. Two reviewers independently considered the studies for inclusion in the review, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted data. DESIGN: Review and analysis. RESULTS: A total of 37 studies met the inclusion criteria: 15 analyzed the effects of opioids, 6 those of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen, and 16 the effects of adjuvant analgesics. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep quality may be adversely affected by a variety of medications used in clinical practice, including those used in analgesic indications. The class of analgesics most affecting sleep quality are opioids.
- MeSH
- analgetika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- antiflogistika nesteroidní terapeutické užití MeSH
- chronická bolest * farmakoterapie MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- opioidní analgetika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- poruchy iniciace a udržování spánku * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
