EUTOS Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezinárodní spolupráce MeSH
- myeloidní leukemie terapie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce využití MeSH
- referenční standardy MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
The European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) population-based registry includes data of all adult patients newly diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome-positive and/or BCR-ABL1+ chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in 20 predefined countries and regions of Europe. Registration time ranged from 12 to 60 months between January 2008 and December 2013. Median age was 55 years and median observation time was 29 months. Eighty percent of patients were treated first line with imatinib, and 17% with a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, mostly according to European LeukemiaNet recommendations. After 12 months, complete cytogenetic remission (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR) were achieved in 57% and 41% of patients, respectively. Patients with high EUTOS risk scores achieved CCyR and MMR significantly later than patients with low EUTOS risk. Probabilities of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival for all patients at 12, 24 and 30 months was 97%, 94% and 92%, and 95%, 92% and 90%, respectively. The new EUTOS long-term survival score was validated: the OS of patients differed significantly between the three risk groups. The probability of dying in remission was 1% after 24 months. The current management of patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitors resulted in responses and outcomes in the range reported from clinical trials. These data from a large population-based, patient sample provide a solid benchmark for the evaluation of new treatment policies.
- MeSH
- analýza přežití MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie diagnóza epidemiologie terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie terapeutické užití MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- surveillance populace MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa epidemiologie MeSH
The EUTOS Long-Term Survival score was tested in 350 children with chronic myeloid leukemia in first chronic phase treated with imatinib and registered in the International Registry for Childhood Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. With a median follow up of 3 years (range, 1 month to 6 years) progression and/or death (whichever came first) occurred in 23 patients. For the entire cohort of patients the 5-year progression-free survival rate was 92% (95% CI: 87%-94%) and the 5-year survival accounting for chronic myeloid leukemia deaths was 97% (95% CI: 94%-99%). Of the 309 patients allocated to low (n=199), intermediate (n=68) and high (n=42) risk groups by the EUTOS Long-Term Survival score, events (progression and/or death) occurred in 6.0%, 8.8% and 26.2%, respectively. Estimates of the 5-year progression-free survival rates according to these three risk groups were 96% (95% CI: 92%-98%), 88% (95% CI: 76%-95%) and 67% (95% CI: 48%-81%), respectively. Differences in progression-free survival according to these risk groups were highly significant (P<0.0001, overall). The EUTOS Long-Term Survival score showed better differentiation of progression-free survival than the Sokal (<45 years), Euro and EUTOS scores in children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia and should be considered in therapeutic algorithms. (Trial registered at: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01281735).
- MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie diagnóza farmakoterapie epidemiologie mortalita MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This population-based registry was designed to provide robust and updated information on the characteristics and the epidemiology of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). All cases of newly diagnosed Philadelphia positive, BCR-ABL1+ CML that occurred in a sample of 92.5 million adults living in 20 European countries, were registered over a median period of 39 months. 94.3% of the 2904 CML patients were diagnosed in chronic phase (CP). Median age was 56 years. 55.5% of patients had comorbidities, mainly cardiovascular (41.9%). High-risk patients were 24.7% by Sokal, 10.8% by EURO, and 11.8% by EUTOS risk scores. The raw incidence increased with age from 0.39/100,000/year in people 20-29 years old to 1.52 in those >70 years old, and showed a maximum of 1.39 in Italy and a minimum of 0.69 in Poland (all countries together: 0.99). The proportion of Sokal and Euro score high-risk patients seen in many countries indicates that trial patients were not a positive selection. Thus from a clinical point of view the results of most trials can be generalized to most countries. The incidences observed among European countries did not differ substantially. The estimated number of new CML cases per year in Europe is about 6370.
- MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie epidemiologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- registrace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Prognostic scores support clinicians in selecting risk-adjusted treatments and in comparatively assessing different results. For patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), four baseline prognostic scores are commonly used. Our aim was to compare the prognostic performance of the scores and to arrive at an evidence-based score recommendation. In 2949 patients not involved in any score development, higher hazard ratios and concordance indices in any comparison demonstrated the best discrimination of long-term survival with the ELTS score. In a second step, of 5154 patients analyzed to investigate risk group classification differences, 23% (n = 1197) were allocated to high-risk by the Sokal score. Of the 1197 Sokal high-risk patients, 56% were non-high-risk according to the ELTS score and had a significantly more favorable long-term survival prognosis than the 526 high-risk patients according to both scores. The Sokal score identified too many patients as high-risk and relatively few (40%) as low-risk (versus 60% with the ELTS score). Inappropriate risk classification jeopardizes optimal treatment selection. The ELTS score outperformed the Sokal score, the Euro, and the EUTOS score regarding risk group discrimination. The recent recommendation of the European LeukemiaNet for preferred use of the ELTS score was supported with significant statistical evidence.
- MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- pravděpodobnost MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
PURPOSE: Approximately 1-2% of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients harbor atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts that cannot be monitored by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using standard methodologies. Within the European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) for CML we established and validated robust RT-qPCR methods for these patients. METHODS: BCR-ABL1 transcripts were amplified and sequenced to characterize the underlying fusion. Residual disease monitoring was carried out by RT-qPCR with specific primers and probes using serial dilutions of appropriate BCR-ABL1 and GUSB plasmid DNA calibrators. Results were expressed as log reduction of the BCR-ABL1/GUSB ratio relative to the patient-specific baseline value and evaluated as an individual molecular response (IMR). RESULTS: In total, 330 blood samples (2-34 per patient, median 8) from 33 CML patients (19 male, median age 62 years) were analyzed. Patients expressed seven different atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts (e1a2, n = 6; e6a2, n = 1; e8a2, n = 2; e13a3, n = 4; e14a3, n = 6; e13a3/e14a3, n = 2; e19a2, n = 12). Most patients (61%) responded well to TKI therapy and achieved an IMR of at least one log reduction 3 months after diagnosis. Four patients relapsed with a significant increase of BCR-ABL1/GUSB ratios. CONCLUSIONS: Characterization of atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts is essential for adequate patient monitoring and to avoid false-negative results. The results cannot be expressed on the International Scale (IS) and thus the common molecular milestones and guidelines for treatment are difficult to apply. We, therefore, suggest reporting IMR levels in these cases as a time-dependent log reduction of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels compared to baseline prior to therapy.
- MeSH
- bcr-abl fúzní proteiny antagonisté a inhibitory genetika MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie farmakoterapie genetika patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- messenger RNA genetika MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery genetika MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- bazofily patologie MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie farmakoterapie genetika mortalita MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hodnocení rizik metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- piperaziny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- progrese nemoci MeSH
- protinádorové látky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- pyrimidiny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- registrace statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- slezina patologie MeSH
- statistické modely MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- souhrny MeSH
Pro určení prognózy pacientů s chronickou myeloidní leukemií (CML) léčených inhibitory tyrozinové kinázy (TKI) je v současnosti používáno několik skórovacích systémů (index EUTOS, Sokalovo a Hasfordovo skóre). Individuální pacient může být zařazen podle jednotlivých skóre do skupin s různou prognózou. Nelze vyloučit, že kombinací skórovacích systémů by nebylo možné zlepšit odhad prognózy pacientů. Pro ověření prediktivní hodnoty nově vytvořeného skóre byl použit soubor 193 pacientů s CML léčených na Hemato-onkologické klinice v Olomouci v letech 1989–2013. Sběr a kontrola dat byly provedeny retrospektivně. K vyhodnocení přežití byla použita metoda podle Kaplana a Meiera v kombinaci s log-rank testem. Šlo o 77 žen (39,9 %) a 116 mužů (60,1 %) ve věku 17–88 let (medián 54) let. Pacienti byli sledováni po dobu v mediánu 89,1 (3,6–296,6) měsíců. 72 pacientů (37,3 %) bylo předléčeno interferonem alfa po dobu v mediánu 9,33 měsíců. Statistická analýza potvrdila dobrou prediktivní hodnotu indexů podle Sokala a Hasforda pro odhad celkového přežití a přežití bez progrese. Pomocí indexu EUTOS nebylo možno statisticky významně odlišit pacienty s dobrou a špatnou prognózou pro celkové přežití, pro přežití bez progrese mělo toto skóre nejhorší prediktivní hodnotu. K výpočtu nového skóre jsme riziko podle Sokalova a Hasfordova skóre převedli na body (nízké = 1, střední = 2, vysoké = 3). Součet bodů měl u jednotlivých pacientů hodnotu 2–6. Nové skóre vytvořené na tomto součtu umožnilo zlepšit jak odhad prognózy celkového přežití, tak i přežití bez progrese pacientů. Naše nové skóre mělo ve srovnání s ostatními zmíněnými skórovacími systémy lepší schopnost odhadu prognózy také u skupiny pacientů, kteří nebyli předléčeni interferonem. Přidání skóre EUTOS do kombinace už dále významně nezvýšilo predikci. Naše analýzy ukazují, že jednoduchou kombinací existujících prognostických indexů lze u pacientů s CML zlepšit odhad prognózy. Výsledky je nezbytné potvrdit na větších souborech pacientů.
There are several prognostic scoring systems that are used for estimation of prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) after the treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) (EUTOS, Sokal and Hasford score). Individual patients may be allocated to different prognostic groups according various scores. It may be possible to improve the prognostication by the combination of these indices. The value of the new score was assessed in the group of 193 CML patients treated at Department of Haemato-Oncology in Olomouc between 1989 and 2013. Data collection and control was performed retrospectively. Method according Kaplan and Meier in combination with log-rank test was used for survival estimations. The group consisted of 77 females (39.9%) and 116 males (60.1%) at age 17–88 (median 54). Follow-up of the patients ranged from 3.6 to 296.6 months (median = 89.1). Seventy two (37.3%) patients were pretreated with interferon alfa for median of 9.33 months. Statistical analysis has confirmed good prognostic value of the Sokal and Hasford score for estimation of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). EUTOS score has not discriminated the good and poor risk patients with statistical significance in OS, for PFS it had the poorest performance. In order to count the new risk score the risk scores according to the Sokal and Hasford system were converted to the points (1 point for low, 2 points for intermediate and 3 points for high risk). The summary of points varied in individual patients between 2 and 6. The new score has improved the prognostic assessment of both OS and PFS. Adding EUTOS score to the combination has not improved the prediction significantly. The new score was better than existing indices also for the prognostic assessment of the patients not pretreated with interferon. Our statistical analysis showed that with the use of the simple combination of the existing scores (Sokal and Hasford) the prognostic assessment of CML patients may be improved. The results must be validated in larger groups of CML patients.
- Klíčová slova
- Hasfordův index, EUTOS skóre, Sokalův index,
- MeSH
- analýza přežití MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie * farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů * MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- prognóza * MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- tyrosinkinasy antagonisté a inhibitory terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
PURPOSE: The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies has revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The European LeukemiaNet (ELN) recommends quantification of BCR-ABL1 transcripts by real-time quantitative PCR every 3 months during TKI treatment. Since a proportion of patients in deep molecular response (DMR: MR4, MR4.5, MR5) maintain remission after treatment stop, assessment of DMR is crucial. However, systematically collected molecular data, monitored with sensitive standardized assays, are not available outside clinical trials. METHODS: Data were collected on the standardized assessment of molecular response in the context of real-life practice. BCR-ABL1 transcript levels after > 2 years of TKI therapy were evaluated for DMR by local laboratories as well as standardized EUTOS laboratories. Since standardized molecular monitoring is a prerequisite for treatment discontinuation, central surveillance of the performance of the participating laboratories was carried out. RESULTS: Between 2014 and 2017, 3377 peripheral blood samples from 1117 CML patients were shipped to 11 standardized reference laboratories in six European countries. BCR-ABL1 transcript types were b3a2 (41.63%), b2a2 (29.99%), b2a2/b3a2 (3.58%) and atypical (0.54%). For 23.72% of the patients, the initial transcript type had not been reported. Response levels (EUTOS laboratory) were: no MMR, n = 197 (6.51%); MMR, n = 496 (16.40%); MR4, n = 685 (22.64%); MR4.5, n = 937 (30.98%); MR5, n = 710 (23.47%). With a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.708, a substantial agreement between EUTOS-certified and local laboratories was shown. CONCLUSIONS: Multicenter DMR assessment is feasible in the context of real-life clinical practice in Europe. Information on the BCR-ABL1 transcript type at diagnosis is crucial to accurately monitor patients' molecular response during or after TKI therapy.
- MeSH
- chronická fáze myeloidní leukemie krev farmakoterapie genetika MeSH
- chronická myeloidní leukemie krev farmakoterapie genetika MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- inhibitory proteinkinas aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- laboratoře normy statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- registrace MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Standardized monitoring of BCR::ABL1 mRNA levels is essential for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. From 2016 to 2021 the European Treatment and Outcome Study for CML (EUTOS) explored the use of secondary, lyophilized cell-based BCR::ABL1 reference panels traceable to the World Health Organization primary reference material to standardize and validate local laboratory tests. Panels were used to assign and validate conversion factors (CFs) to the International Scale and assess the ability of laboratories to assess deep molecular response (DMR). The study also explored aspects of internal quality control. The percentage of EUTOS reference laboratories (n = 50) with CFs validated as optimal or satisfactory increased from 67.5% to 97.6% and 36.4% to 91.7% for ABL1 and GUSB, respectively, during the study period and 98% of laboratories were able to detect MR4.5 in most samples. Laboratories with unvalidated CFs had a higher coefficient of variation for BCR::ABL1IS and some laboratories had a limit of blank greater than zero which could affect the accurate reporting of DMR. Our study indicates that secondary reference panels can be used effectively to obtain and validate CFs in a manner equivalent to sample exchange and can also be used to monitor additional aspects of quality assurance.