28155595 OR Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway and Stroke Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
BACKGROUND: Stroke is devastating cerebrovascular event which is responsible for 6.7 million deaths each year worldwide. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of stroke. Targeting inflammation after stroke is highly actual topic for both experimental and clinical research. METHODS: Research articles related to cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CHAIP) and stroke were reviewed. The first part of review describes the basic characteristics of inflammatory response after stroke, main components and function of CHAIP. The second part reviews studies focused on CHAIP as a therapeutic target for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Both pharmacological stimulation of α7 nAChR and vagus nerve stimulation after stroke are reviewed. RESULTS: Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CHAIP) is a physiological mechanism by which central nervous system regulates immune response and controls inflammation. Vagus nerve, spleen and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) are the main components of CHAIP. CONCLUSION: Targeting cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is a promising way of immunomodulation which attenuates inflammation in a complex manner without causing immunosuppression.
- MeSH
- alfa7 nikotinové acetylcholinové receptory fyziologie MeSH
- centrální nervový systém fyziologie MeSH
- cévní mozková příhoda imunologie patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nervus vagus fyziologie MeSH
- slezina fyziologie MeSH
- zánět patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Stroke is a devastating cerebrovascular pathology with high morbidity and mortality. Inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of stroke. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a promising immunomodulatory method that has shown positive effects in stroke treatment, including neuroprotection, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, reduced infarct volume, improved neurological scores, and promotion of M2 microglial polarization. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the vagus nerve's immunomodulatory effects through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) and provide a comprehensive assessment of the available experimental literature focusing on the use of VNS in stroke treatment.
Přehledový článek podává informaci o v současné době dostupných biochemických, cytologických, imunologických a mikrobiologických metodikách vyšetření mozkomíšního moku – likvoru. Jsou rozlišena základní a statimová vyšetření a parametry rozšířené specializované likvorologie. Je doporučen základní algoritmus laboratorního vyšetření likvoru s přihlédnutím ke konkrétní neurologické diagnóze.
In this review article, general information is expressed concerning available biochemical, cytological, ammunological and microbiological metodologies of cerebrospinal fluid evaluation. Basic and advanced criteria of investigation are distiguished, including advanced parameters of CSF. Basic algorithm of laboratory evaluation of CSF is recommended, in association with concrete neurological diagnosis.
