- MeSH
- acetylcystein * terapeutické užití MeSH
- antidota terapeutické užití MeSH
- kobalt MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- unithiol * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
Osmium tetroxide is a strong oxidizing agent used in electron microscopy. Eye exposure may cause severe burns, and after inhalation or ingestion damage to the respiratory or gastrointestinal tract occurs. Exposure to osmium and its compounds is extremely rare. We present a case of a 32-year-old female stained by 9 mL of 2% osmium tetroxide in acetone during an accident in the laboratory, with rare dermal and ocular findings. Due to lack of data in toxicological databases and the absence of antidote, the therapy was symptomatic. Osmium was detected in serum 19 hours later (0.22 μg/L) and in urine during the 15-hour collection (three samples-7.05, 1.65 and 8.45 μg/L). In blood serum on admission, after 1 and 2 days after exposure, the levels of iron (28.2, 39.8 and 50.5 μmol/L; reference range 5.8-34.5 μmol/L) and transferrin receptor/ferritine were elevated. To our knowledge, this is the first paper documenting a significant absorption from the skin and potentially from the eye conjunctiva, based on serum and urine analysis. The relationship between increased iron in blood and exposure has not been described yet, and the mechanism remains unknown. The patient is being followed up for the unknown long-term effects.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kůže účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oči účinky léků MeSH
- oxid osmičelý otrava MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Total hip replacement is currently a standard orthopaedic procedure. A number of complications caused by wear of the articulating parts of the endoprosthesis were described in the past. In recent years, there have been reports of systemic manifestations of metal components wear, leading to the development of chronic metal poisoning and organ damage. Our case report documents two cases of heart damage, resulting in heart failure with the need for heart transplantation, caused by metal poisoning originating from a failed THA.
- MeSH
- kobalt MeSH
- kyčelní protézy * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náhrada kyčelního kloubu * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- poranění srdce * MeSH
- protézy - design MeSH
- selhání protézy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Oxid arsenitý (arsenic trioxide, ATO) je lékem volby v léčbě relapsu akutní promyelocytární leukemie (acute promyelocytic leukemia, APL). Pro management léčby oxidem arsenitým u chronicky dialyzovaných pacientů však neexistují jednotná doporučení. Předložená kazuistika popisuje léčbu relabované APL pomocí ATO v dávce 10 mg 3* týdně po hemodialýze, přičemž byly frekventně kontrolovány laboratorní hodnoty a interval QT. Průběžně byly rovněž odebírány vzorky plazmy pro měření koncentrace arsenu. Léčba byla úspěšná a pacientka dosáhla molekulární remise bez výskytu závažnějších nežádoucích účinků. Autoři dále diskutují problematiku použití ATO u dialyzovaných pacientů a závěrem konstatují, že při léčbě APL u dialyzovaných pacientů lze bezpečně a efektivně použít ATO při pečlivém sledování pacienta. Informace o koncentraci arsenu v krvi není pro management léčby přínosná.
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a drug of choice in the treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Guidelines for the treatment of hemodialysis dependent patients with APL do not exist. Here we describe the treatment of relapsed APL in a hemodialysis dependent patient by ATO at the dose of 10 mg three times a week after hemodialysis with frequent monitoring of laboratory values and QT interval. Molecular remission was achieved without serious adverse events. The authors further discuss the use of ATO in hemodialysis dependent patients and conclude, that ATO can be safely and effectively used in such patients under the condition of close monitoring of toxicity and adverse events; assessment of the arsenic concentration in blood is not useful for treatment management.
- MeSH
- akutní promyelocytární leukemie * farmakoterapie komplikace terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxid arsenitý terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Air quality in the Moravian-Silesian Region and especially in the Ostrava agglomeration represents a very important factor influencing the environment and health of the local population. The area has been burdend for more than two centuries with rapid development of the mining industry and related metallurgical and chemical production. As a result, hundreds of tons of pollutants have progressively been released into the atmosphere. Some of them have been gradually eliminated from the environment; others, such as some heavy metals, remain locally present and burden the local landscape. Ultrafine particles (UFPs; diameter less than 100 nm) are ubiquitous in urban air and an acknowledged risk to human health. Therefore, recurrent situations when statutory limits for airborne dust and selected chemical pollutants are exceeded require more detailed research focused on the sources, paths of propagation, chemical composition and morphology of ultrafine aerosol (UFA). In order to comply with these objectives measurements were carried out directly in production halls and the vicinity of industrial technologies with expected high UFA emission. In line with global trends, focus is increasingly placed on solid aerosols with particle sizes below 1 µm and, where appropriate, on nanoparticles. This is mainly due to a much greater penetration of these particles into an organism and a subsequent initiation of some serious diseases.
- MeSH
- aerosoly analýza MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- nanočástice analýza MeSH
- prach MeSH
- průmysl MeSH
- velikost částic * MeSH
- znečištění ovzduší analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Aerosols formed during shooting events were studied with various techniques including the wide range size resolving sampling system Nano-ID(®) Select, followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and fast mobility particle sizing. The total lead mass aerosol concentration ranged from 2.2 to 72 µg m(-3). It was shown that the mass concentration of the most toxic compound lead is much lower than the total mass concentration. The deposition fraction in various compartments of the respiratory system was calculated using the ICRP lung deposition model. It was found that the deposition fraction in the alveolar range varies by a factor >3 for the various aerosols collected, depending on the aerosol size distribution and total aerosol concentration, demonstrating the importance of size resolved sampling in health risk evaluation. The proportion of the total mass of airborne particles deposited in the respiratory tract varies from 34 to 70%, with a median of 55.9%, suggesting the health risk based upon total mass significantly overestimates the accumulated dose and therefore the health risk. A comparison between conventional and so called 'green' ammunition confirmed significant lowering of concentrations of lead and other toxic metals like antimony in the atmosphere of indoor shooting ranges using 'green' ammunition, although higher concentrations of manganese and boron were measured. These metals are likely to be the constituents of new types of primers. They occur predominantly in the size fraction <250 nm of aerosols.
- MeSH
- aerosoly analýza MeSH
- inhalační expozice analýza MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch v pracovním prostředí analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- otrava těžkými kovy MeSH
- otrava prevence a kontrola MeSH
- pracovní expozice analýza MeSH
- sporty * MeSH
- střelné zbraně * MeSH
- teoretické modely MeSH
- těžké kovy analýza MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Because dacryoliths occur at low frequency, few studies have focused on their composition. We aimed to present findings from morphological, chemical, and mineralogic analysis of 86 dacryoliths. METHODS: We studied 86 dacryoliths obtained during 832 dacryocystorhinostomies (DCR) performed for postsaccal obstruction. We examined the samples with atomic infrared spectrometry (80 samples), amino acid analysis (17 samples), scanning electron microscopy, and an electron microprobe with an energy dispersive detector (seven samples). RESULTS: Dacryoliths were found in 86/832 DCRs (10.3 %), mostly in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. All the dacryoliths were soft, composed of organic material, including proteins and mucoproteins, with approximately 20 % amino acid content. There were no "hard" dacryoliths composed of calcium phosphate. The stones were composed of lobes and lobules built on an amorphous core material with small cavities, probably as a result of various chemical processes that produced a gaseous product. The most frequent elements found in inorganic inclusions were silicon, magnesium, sulfur, potassium, calcium, sodium, and chlorine. Also, some particles had high contents of bismuth, titanium, iron, and organic fibers. The fibers found in the core of dacryoliths suggested a potential origin from cotton swabs used in cosmetics. CONCLUSION: Dacryoliths are composed almost exclusively of organic material, including proteins and mucoproteins, with approximately 20 % amino acid content.
- MeSH
- aminokyseliny analýza MeSH
- dakryocystorinostomie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ductus nasolacrimalis patologie MeSH
- kaménky chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- litiáza chemie diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- mikroanalýza elektronovou sondou MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mukoproteiny analýza MeSH
- nemoci slzného ústrojí diagnóza chirurgie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
- vápník analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
CONTEXT: Cobalt intoxication has become more frequent due to the wide use of metal hip implants. CASE DETAILS: A 56-year-old male patient underwent total hip prosthesis, with a ceramics-on-ceramics implant. Almost 3 years later, it was replaced by metal implant containing cobalt, chromium, and titanium. He developed weight loss, heart, thyroid, and neurological toxicity, with severe hearing loss. He was treated with 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS), and cobalt excretion increased. Clinical symptoms apart from deafness gradually resolved. CONCLUSION: We report significant cobalt poisoning from a damaged hip replacement with cobalt containing implant and a slow abrasion of the metal by residual ceramic particles. Chelation therapy resulted in apparent benefit.
