A virome screen was performed on a new breeding line, KB1, of blackcurrant. Rhabdovirus-like particles were observed by electron microscopy in ultrathin sections of flower stalks, and the complete genome sequence of a novel virus, provisionally named blackcurrant rhabdovirus 2 (BCRV2), was determined and verified using high-throughput sequencing. The genomic organization of BCRV2 was characteristic of cytorhabdoviruses (family Rhabdoviridae) and included seven genes: 3 ́- N-P ́-P-P3-M-G-L -5 ́. BLASTP analysis revealed that the putative L protein had the highest amino acid sequence identity (75 %) with strawberry virus 2. BCRV2 was detected in Cryptomyzusgaleopsidis, but efficient transmission by this aphid was not confirmed. Of note, we observed coinfection of the KB1 line with blackcurrant-associated rhabdovirus (BCaRV) by RT-PCR. This is likely the first evidence of the presence of a cyto- and a nucleorhabdovirus in a single host.
A lichen body is formed most often from green alga cells trapped in a net of ascomycetous fungi and accompanied by endolichenic or parasitic fungi, other algae, and symbiotic or free-living bacteria. The lichen's microcosmos is inhabited by mites, insects, and other animals for which the lichen is a source of food or a place to live. Novel, four-segmented dsRNA viruses were detected in saxicolous Chrysothrixchlorina and Leprariaincana lichens. Comparison of encoded genome proteins revealed classification of the viruses to the genus Alphachrysovirus and a relationship to chrysoviruses from filamentous ascomycetous fungi. We propose the names Chrysothrix chrysovirus 1 (CcCV1) and Lepraria chrysovirus 1 (LiCV1) as acronyms for these viruses. Surprisingly, observation of Chrysothrixchlorina hybridization with fluorescent-labelled virus probe by confocal microscope revealed that the CcCV1 virus is not present in the lichen body-forming fungus but in accompanying endolichenic Penicilliumcitreosulfuratum fungus. These are the first descriptions of mycoviruses from a lichen environment.
- MeSH
- dvouvláknová RNA MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genom virový MeSH
- genomika metody MeSH
- lišejníky virologie MeSH
- mykoviry klasifikace fyziologie MeSH
- RNA-viry MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- symbióza * MeSH
- virové proteiny chemie genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This study reports the complete genomic sequence of a novel virus isolated from red clover. According to its genomic organization, its similarity to luteoviruses, and a greater than 10% difference in all genes, this virus isolate likely represents a new luteovirus species. As seen in nectarine stem pitting-associated virus (NSPaV) and NSPaV-South Korea (SK) luteoviruses, it differs from typical luteoviruses through the absence of ORF3a and ORF4 encoding movement proteins. Furthermore, its P5 protein (responsible for aphid transmission) is more similar to the P5 of enamoviruses than that of luteoviruses. The virus isolate has been named red clover-associated luteovirus (RCaV).
Five isolates of a new member of the family Closteroviridae, tentatively named blackcurrant leafroll-associated virus 1 (BcLRaV-1), were identified in the currant. The 17-kb-long genome codes for 10 putative proteins. The replication-associated polyprotein has several functional domains, including papain-like proteases, methyltransferase, Zemlya, helicase, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Additional open reading frames code for a small protein predicted to integrate into the host cell wall, a heat-shock protein 70 homolog, a heat-shock protein 90 homolog, two coat proteins, and three proteins of unknown functions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that BcLRaV-1 is related to members of the genus Closterovirus, whereas recombination analysis provided evidence of intraspecies recombination.
- MeSH
- Closterovirus klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace ultrastruktura MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- genom virový MeSH
- genomika metody MeSH
- nemoci rostlin virologie MeSH
- otevřené čtecí rámce MeSH
- rekombinace genetická MeSH
- Ribes virologie MeSH
- RNA virová MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
Strawberry crinkle disease is one of the major diseases that threatens strawberry production. Although the biological properties of the agent, strawberry crinkle virus (SCV), have been thoroughly investigated, its complete genome sequence has never been published. Existing RT-PCR-based detection relies on a partial sequence of the L protein gene, presumably the least expressed viral gene. Here, we present complete sequences of two divergent SCV isolates co-infecting a single plant, Fragaria x ananassa cv. Čačanská raná.
- MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- genom virový * MeSH
- jahodník virologie MeSH
- mapování chromozomů MeSH
- nemoci rostlin virologie MeSH
- Rhabdoviridae klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- RNA virová genetika MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenování celého genomu MeSH
- virové proteiny genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
During their lifetime, perennial woody plants are expected to face multiple infection events. Furthermore, multiple genotypes of individual virus species may co-infect the same host. This may eventually lead to a situation where plants harbor complex communities of viral species/strains. Using high-throughput sequencing, we describe co-infection of sweet and sour cherry trees with diverse genomic variants of two closely related viruses, namely prunus virus F (PrVF) and cherry virus F (CVF). Both viruses are most homologous to members of the Fabavirus genus (Secoviridae family). The comparison of CVF and PrVF RNA2 genomic sequences suggests that the two viruses may significantly differ in their expression strategy. Indeed, similar to comoviruses, the smaller genomic segment of PrVF, RNA2, may be translated in two collinear proteins while CVF likely expresses only the shorter of these two proteins. Linked with the observation that identity levels between the coat proteins of these two viruses are significantly below the family species demarcation cut-off, these findings support the idea that CVF and PrVF represent two separate Fabavirus species.
During aetiological study of diseased red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) using high throughput sequencing, a novel virus with a 10 kb genome divided into two segments was discovered. The virus, tentatively named red clover associated varicosavirus (RCaVV), is phylogenetically related to classifiable members of the genus Varicosavirus (family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales). Analysis of mRNA levels from the individual RCaVV genes suggested possible differences in transcription regulation between rhabdoviruses with divided and undivided genomes.
- MeSH
- DNA viry klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genom virový MeSH
- nemoci rostlin virologie MeSH
- rostlinné viry klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- Trifolium virologie MeSH
- virové proteiny genetika MeSH
- vysoce účinné nukleotidové sekvenování MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Mixed infection by three dsRNA viruses, a novel betapartitivirus, a gammapartitivirus, and a novel fusarivirus, has been identified in four isolates of the obligate alkalophilic fungus Sodiomyces alkalinus. The first, Sodiomyces alkalinus partitivirus 1 (SaPV1), is placed within the genus Betapartitivirus and is related to Ustilaginoidea virens partitivirus 2. The taxonomic position of the second virus is less clear as it shares high (85%) amino acid sequence identity but significantly low (77%) nucleotide sequence identity of the capsid protein with Colletotrichum truncatum partitivirus 1. The third, the novel Sodiomyces alkalinus fusarivirus 1 (SaFV1), is related to Fusarium poae fusarivirus 1. All the viruses show efficient vertical transmission through asexual and sexual spores. These novel coexisting viruses do not evoke apparent phenotypic alteration to their fungal host. This is the first description of a viral infection in an alkalophilic fungus.
A novel dsRNA virus was identified in the mycorrhizal fungus Thelephora terrestris (Ehrh.) and sequenced. This virus, named Thelephora terrestris virus 1 (TtV1), contains two reading frames in different frames but with the possibility that ORF2 could be translated as a fusion polyprotein after ribosomal -1 frameshifting. Picornavirus 2A-like motif, nudix hydrolase, phytoreovirus S7, and RdRp domains were found in a unique arrangement on the polyprotein. A new genus named Phlegivirus and containing TtV1, PgLV1, RfV1 and LeV is therefore proposed. Twenty species of oribatid mites were identified in soil material in the vicinity of T. terrestris. TtV1 was detected in large amounts in Steganacarus (Tropacarus) carinatus (C.L. Koch, 1841) and in much smaller amounts in Nothrus silvestris (Nicolet). This is the first description of mycovirus presence in oribatid mites.
- MeSH
- Basidiomycota virologie MeSH
- Bunyaviridae klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- mykorhiza klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- mykoviry klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- roztoči mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A new bisegmented dsRNA virus has been detected in shoots of blue spruce with bud blight disease symptoms and infection by Cucurbitaria piceae (Bortw.) fungus. The virus genome consists of two segments that are 2071 and 2257 nt long, encoding the putative RNA polymerase and capsid protein, respectively. Rosellinia necatrix partitivirus 1 is a closely related virus with 45 % amino acid sequence identity in the polymerase, and crimson clover cryptic virus 2 has 36 % amino acid sequence identity in the capsid protein. Based on taxonomic criteria, the virus should be classified as a member of the genus Betapartitivirus (family Partitiviridae). The name Cucurbitaria piceae partitivirus 1 and acronym CpPV1 are proposed.
- MeSH
- Ascomycota virologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genom virový genetika MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- mykoviry genetika MeSH
- nemoci rostlin mikrobiologie virologie MeSH
- sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- smrk mikrobiologie MeSH
- výhonky rostlin mikrobiologie virologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
