The authors present two cases of severe atopic dermatitis with extremely elevated IgE levels treated with omalizumab. The effect of this treatment was completely unconvincing in both patients, most likely because of extremely elevated IgE values, which could not be eliminated by omalizumab. Our observation is consistent with earlier published literature reporting that omalizumab as a treatment for atopic dermatitis seems to work better in patients with lower levels of IgE antibodies.
- MeSH
- atopická dermatitida farmakoterapie imunologie MeSH
- dermatologické látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- imunoglobulin E imunologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- omalizumab terapeutické užití MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Background: The current standard of care of glioblastoma, the most common primary brain tumor in adults, has remained unchanged for over a decade. Nevertheless, some improvements in patient outcomes have occurred as a consequence of modern surgery, improved radiotherapy and up-to-date management of toxicity. Patients from control arms (receiving standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide) of recent clinical trials achieve better outcomes compared to the median survival of 14.6 months reported in Stupp's landmark clinical trial in 2005. The approach to radiotherapy that emerged from Stupp's trial, which continues to be a basis for the current standard of care, is no longer applicable and there is a need to develop updated guidelines for radiotherapy within the daily clinical practice that address or at least acknowledge existing controversies in the planning of radiotherapy.The goal of this review is to provoke critical thinking about potentially controversial aspects in the radiotherapy of glioblastoma, including among others the issue of target definitions, simultaneously integrated boost technique, and hippocampal sparing. Conclusions: In conjunction with new treatment approaches such as tumor-treating fields (TTF) and immunotherapy, the role of adjuvant radiotherapy will be further defined. The personalized approach in daily radiotherapy practice is enabled with modern radiotherapy systems.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Introduction: There is currently a strong scientific evidence about the negative health consequences of physical inactivity. One of the potential tools for promoting physical activity at the institutional level of the Ecological model is to create conditions and settings that would enable pupils, students and employees engage in some form of physical activity. However, physical activities as a subject are being eliminated from the study programs at Slovak universities. The purpose of the study was to find current evidence about the level of structured physical activity and health-related variables in university students in Košice. Material and methods: The sample consisted of 1,993 or, more precisely, 1,398 students who attended two universities in Košice. To collect data, students completed a questionnaire and were tested for body height, body weight, circumferential measures and percentage body fat. Results: The university students did not sufficiently engage in a structured physical activity. A large number of students had either low or high values of percentage body fat and BMI and high WHR values. Conclusions: Our findings have shown that the research into physical activity of university students should receive more attention.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Smoking is associated with a higher incidence of post-lung transplantation complications and mortality. Prior to inclusion on the lung transplant waiting list in the Czech Republic, patients are supposed to be tobacco free for at least 6 months. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of smoking, validated by urinary cotinine, among patients post lung transplantation and prior to inclusion on the transplant waiting list. METHODS: Between 2009 and 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of urinary cotinine to assess tobacco exposure in 203 patients in the Lung Transplant Program in the Czech Republic. We measured urinary cotinine in 163 patients prior to inclusion on the transplantation waiting list, and 53 patients post bilateral lung transplantation. RESULTS: 15.1% (95% CI 0.078 to 0.269) of all lung transplant recipients had urinary cotinine levels corresponding to active smoking; and a further 3.8% (95% CI 0.007 to 0.116) had borderline results. Compared to patients with other diagnoses, patients with COPD were 35 times more likely to resume smoking post- transplantation (95% CI 1.92 to 637.37, p-value 0.016). All patients who tested positive for urinary cotinine levels were offered smoking cessation support. Only one Tx patient sought treatment for tobacco dependence, but was unsuccessful. CONCLUSION: Smoking resumption may be an underrecognized risk for lung transplantation recipients, particularly among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. More rigorous screening, as well as support and treatment to stop smoking among these patients are needed.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by epileptic seizures as a result of excessive neuronal activity in the brain. Approximately 65 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy; 20-40% of them are refractory to medication therapy. Early detection of disease is crucial in the management of patients with epilepsy. Correct localization of the ictal onset zone is associated with a better surgical outcome. The modern non-invasive techniques used for structural-functional localization of the seizure focus includes electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). PET/CT can predict surgical outcome in patients with refractory epilepsy. The aim of the article is to review the current role of routinely used tracer 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) as well as non routinely used (18)F-Flumazenil ((18)F-FMZ) tracers PET/CT in patients with refractory epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Functional information delivered by PET and the morphologic information delivered by CT or MRI are essential in presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Nowadays (18)F-FDG PET/CT is a routinely performed imaging modality in localization of the ictal onset zone in patients with refractory epilepsy who are unresponsive to medication therapy. Unfortunately, (18)F-FDG is not an ideal PET tracer regarding the management of patients with epilepsy: areas of glucose hypometabolism do not correlate precisely with the proven degree of change within hippocampal sclerosis, as observed by histopathology or MRI. Benzodiazepine-receptor imaging is a promising alternative in nuclear medicine imaging of epileptogenic focus. The use of (11)C-FMZ in clinical practice has been limited by its short half-life and necessitating an on-site cyclotron for production. Therefore, (18)F-FMZ might be established as one of the tracers of choice for patients with refractory epilepsy because of better sensitivity and anatomical resolution.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Many pathways seem to be involved in the regulation of the intra-S-phase checkpoint after exposure to ionizing radiation, but the role of p53 has proven to be rather elusive. Here we have a closer look at the progression of irradiated cells through S-phase in dependence of their p53 status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three pairs of tumour cell lines were used, each consisting of one p53 functional and one p53 non-functional line. Cells were labelled with bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) immediately after irradiation, they were then incubated in label-free medium, and at different times afterwards their position within the S-phase was determined by means of flow cytometry. RESULTS: While in the p53 deficient cells progression through S-phase was slowed significantly over at least a few hours, it was halted for just about an hour in the p53 proficient cells and then proceeded without further delay or even at a slightly accelerated pace. CONCLUSIONS: It is clear from the experiments presented here that p53 does play a role for the progress of cells through the S-phase after X-ray exposure, but the exact mechanisms by which replicon initiation and elongation is controlled in irradiated cells remain to be elucidated.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
By using quantum mechanical DFT calculations, the most probable structures of the cucurbit[7]urilH3O+ and cucur-bit[7]uril'(H3O+)2 cationic complex species were derived. In these two complexes having a plane symmetry, each of the considered H3O+ cations is bound by relatively strong hydrogen bonds to the corresponding carbonyl oxygens of the parent cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle.
INTRODUCTION: Atopy patch tests (APT) represent a relatively new diagnostic method for identifying the role of airborne allergens in atopic dermatitis flares. This study evaluates the role of airborne allergens in atopic dermatitis flares in a group of adult patients with atopic dermatitis. The primary goal was to detect the frequency of sensitization to these allergens in a group of patients with atopic dermatitis by APT. The secondary goal was to compare the results of APT with specific IgE against the same airborne allergens with regard to sensitivity and specificity. METHODS: Between November 2004 and October 2011, a cohort of 125 patients (37 males and 88 females) with atopic dermatitis was investigated using APT at the 1st Department of Dermatovenereology of the St. Anne Faculty in Brno, Czech Republic. RESULTS: In 36 (28.8%) patients, the APT were positive, and in 89 (71.2%) negative. The most common allergens were house dust mite allergens (12.8%), followed by grass and plant pollen (10.4%) and dog allergens (8%). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that APT is a helpful tool for identifying airborne allergens as triggering factors of atopic dermatitis.
- MeSH
- alergeny diagnostické užití MeSH
- atopická dermatitida diagnóza epidemiologie imunologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- incidence MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch diagnostické užití imunologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- náplasťové testy metody MeSH
- psi MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- psi MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Segmental Darier's disease is a rare clinical variant of autosomal dominant Darier's disease (keratosis follicularis) exhibiting eruptions in a unilateral arrangement following the lines of Blaschko. It occurs in approximately 10% of patients with Darier's disease. We report two cases of type 1 segmental Darier's disease that appeared a few months after childbirth; in one case, recurrence of the disease occurred after tubal ligation.
- MeSH
- Darierova nemoc etiologie patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kůže patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poruchy v puerperiu patologie MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- tubární sterilizace škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
BACKGROUND: Mycosis fungoides, or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), is one of the most common skin lymphomas, with a chronic and lethal course. It is characterized by the expansion of CD4+ and CDw29+ immunophenotype T-cell clones lacking normal antigens. These altered T-lymphocytes are predominantly located in the skin, but some of them retain their ability to migrate and exit the skin through the lymphatics into the circulatory system. CASE REPORT: We report on a 78-year-old man with an 8-year history of histologically verified Mycosis fungoides. Twenty-five years ago, the patient was incorrectly diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris and received therapy with only slight effect. In 1999 the patient underwent full body actinotherapy (30 Gy) which resulted in complete remission of CTCL lesions on the skin. In October 2005 the patient presented at our department with a new partially infiltrated lesion 14x6 cm in his right groin. Because photochemotherapy and local therapy with corticosteroids had already been used without significant results, we opted for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methyl aminolevulinate (MAL).
