It has been 36 years since the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant catastrophe, but the consumption of wild mushrooms in Ukrainian Polissya is still dangerous since its territory is heavily contaminated by radionuclides. The aim of this study was to estimate 137Cs and 90Sr uptake in wild mushrooms from locations with contrast radioactive loads (Zhytomyr Polissya, Ukraine). In mushroom samples collected from Drevlyanskyi Nature Reserve since 2013 (average levels of soil surface contamination with 137Cs are 555-1480 kBq m-2), the highest levels of 137Cs were observed in symbiotroph species - Imleria badia (≤ 2680 kBq kg-1 dry mass [dm]), Tricholoma equestre (≤ 1420 kBq kg-1 dm), Lactarius rufus (≤ 602 kBq kg-1 dm), Sarcodon imbricatus (≤ 464 kBq kg-1 dm), Leccinum scabrum (≤ 117 kBq kg-1 dm), Suillus bovinus (≤ 118 kBq kg-1 dm), and Boletus edulis (≤ 96 kBq kg-1 dm). 90Sr activity was significantly lower, with the highest levels detected in Russula emetica (193 Bq kg-1 dm), Daedaleopsis confragosa (145 Bq kg-1 dm), and Hypholoma fasciculare (141 Bq kg-1 dm). The 137Cs/90Sr ratio in fruiting bodies in samples ranged from 6.1 (Bovistella utriformis) to 28,979 (T. equestre). Activity concentrations in mushrooms from locations with relatively low contamination with 137Cs (18.5-27.75 kBq m-2) also reached the highest values in symbiotroph species I. badia (7698 Bq kg-1 dm), Lactarius vellereus (6072 Bq kg-1 dm), and S. luteus (1448 Bq kg-1 dm). Potential calculated annual effective doses due to mushroom consumption by adults, considering only the effect of 137Cs, reached 0.311 and 8.71 mSv in B. edulis and I. badia from highly contaminated locations, respectively, and 0.0014 and 0.009 mSv in these species from low contaminated ones.
- MeSH
- Agaricales * MeSH
- černobylská havárie * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- jaderné elektrárny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující půdu * analýza MeSH
- radioizotopy cesia MeSH
- radioizotopy stroncia MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Ukrajina MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse the long-term radiation effects on human sperm. METHODS: In total, 104 samples of male donors from 2 regions of Ukraine were tested. Group 1 consisted of 32 donors from the Ivano-Frankivsk region, group 2 included 72 volunteers from the Zhytomyr region. The average age of donors in both groups was 35 ± 6 years (range 24-49). To assess the level of apoptosis, membrane mitochondrial potential, concentration of reactive oxygen species, and ploidy of sperm, flow cytometry was performed. RESULTS: The individual equivalent dose of group 1 was < 0.4 mSv and of group 2 ≥ 0.4 mSv. Live spermatozoa with signs of apoptosis were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in group 2 in comparison to group 1 (15.6% and 11.2%, respectively). Spermatozoa without violating integrity were 73.2% in group 1 and approximately 16% higher than the indices of group 2. The percentage of dead necrotic spermatozoa was twice as high in men with a predicted equivalent dose of ≥ 0.4 mSv than in comparison group. A higher percentage of spermatozoa with low mitochondrial membrane potential, di- and tetraploid was found in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: An equivalent individual dose of ≥ 0.4 mSv can cause a decrease in mitochondrial potential, an increase in the production of spermatozoa with pathological ploidy, as well as to provoke increasing apoptosis in cells.
- MeSH
- černobylská havárie * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- průtoková cytometrie MeSH
- reaktivní formy kyslíku farmakologie MeSH
- sperma MeSH
- spermie patologie účinky záření MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Ionizing radiation is a genotoxic anthropogenic stressor. It can cause heritable changes in the plant genome, which can be either adaptive or detrimental. There is still considerable uncertainty about the effects of chronic low-intensity doses since earlier studies reported somewhat contradictory conclusions. Our project focused on the recovery from the multiyear chronic ionizing radiation stress. Soybean (Glycine max) was grown in field plots located at the Chernobyl exclusion zone and transferred to the clean ground in the subsequent generation. We profiled proteome of mature seeds by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Overall, 15 differentially abundant protein spots were identified in the field comparison and 11 in the recovery generation, primarily belonging to storage proteins, disease/defense, and metabolism categories. Data suggested that during multigenerational growth in a contaminated environment, detrimental heritable changes were accumulated. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured on the late vegetative state, pointing to partial recovery of photosynthesis from stress imposed by contaminating radionuclides. A plausible explanation for the observed phenomena is insufficient provisioning of seeds by lower quality resources, causing a persistent effect in the offspring generation. Additionally, we hypothesized that immunity against phytopathogens was compromised in the contaminated field, but perhaps even primed in the clean ground, yet this idea requires direct functional validation in future experiments. Despite showing clear signs of physiological recovery, one season was not enough to normalize biochemical processes. Overall, our data contribute to the more informed agricultural radioprotection.
- MeSH
- 2D gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- černobylská havárie * MeSH
- fyziologický stres * MeSH
- Glycine max růst a vývoj fyziologie účinky záření MeSH
- ionizující záření * MeSH
- proteom účinky záření MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Ukrajina MeSH
The time course of 137Cs activity in general population of the Czech Republic has been systematically followed since the Chernobyl accident in 1986. Either whole body counting or the determination of 137Cs content in 24-hour urine samples were used as a method of determination of body activity. Environmental and effective half-lives were calculated from the data. In the time period from 1986 to 1990 the effective half-life was 1.3 years; since 1990 up to present the half-life is 15 years. The older data on whole body activity of 137Cs from 1965 to 1985 were compiled and are presented as well. Apart from the general population, a group of people who have special dietary habits in terms of increased game meat consumption, namely wild boar meat, has been monitored since 2000. In this group, the body content of 137Cs is about two orders of magnitude higher than in the general population.
- MeSH
- celotělové počítání MeSH
- černobylská havárie MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- elektrárny MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lidské tělo MeSH
- maso * MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- monitorování radiace MeSH
- obsah radioaktivních látek v organizmu MeSH
- poločas MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující půdu analýza MeSH
- radioaktivní spad analýza MeSH
- radioizotopy cesia analýza moč MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Sus scrofa MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Ukrajina MeSH
Airborne gamma spectrometry is an effective tool for prompt monitoring and mapping of large areas contaminated after NPP accident, radionuclides leakage cases, an impact of uranium ore mining and processing, etc. Airborne spectrometry data analysis using deconvolution technique enables to calculate air kerma rates and/or radionuclides concentrations as well as identification of radionuclides. Application of this technique on the airborne data (from manned as well as an unmanned survey using drones) is rather specific due to the requirements for short time of one scan data acquisition, a relatively long distance from the source and small detector size, due to the limited payload of the usually used drones. Application of deconvolution techniques for analysis of spectra with very poor statistics, methods and possibilities to improve the processing of such spectra are discussed.
- MeSH
- černobylská havárie MeSH
- letadla přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování radiace MeSH
- radiační expozice analýza MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující vzduch analýza MeSH
- spektrometrie gama metody MeSH
- technologie dálkového snímání přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- uran analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Chemical laboratories of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic are part of the radiation monitoring network and participate in the radiation situation monitoring in the Czech Republic. Measurements in situ are crucial for monitoring the radiation situation in emergencies associated with the deposition of radioactive substances on a large area. Those data can be used for estimating a possible dose obtained either by staying in a contaminated area or by consumption of food produced in the area. For correct setting of device parameters (e.g. efficiency calibration), standard samples should be measured regularly. Unlike in laboratory, verification in field conditions is difficult. Therefore, a search for suitable reference areas containing a higher amount of 137Cs homogeneously dispersed after the fall of a radioactive cloud passing through our territory following the Chernobyl accident was conducted. Small airports in the East Bohemia regions were identified as suitable candidates.
- MeSH
- černobylská havárie MeSH
- dávka záření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování radiace metody MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující půdu analýza MeSH
- radioaktivní spad analýza MeSH
- radioizotopy cesia analýza MeSH
- spektrometrie gama metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
The article deals with evaluation of irradiation of an operator of a 1 MW biogas station (BGS), processing silage plant biomass contaminated by 137Cs and 134Cs. External irradiation and internal irradiation by the means of aerosol particles inhalation were considered. For calculation of the external irradiation, a BGS model was created in the MCNP. The calculated total committed effective doses received by the operator during annual handling of biomass contaminated by 1 kBq per kg of 137Cs or 134Cs were 34 or 69 μSv, respectively. Three scenarios of contamination were evaluated: freshly contaminated silage after model accident, silage right after the Chernobyl accident and at the current radiation situation in the Czech Republic.
- MeSH
- černobylská havárie MeSH
- dávka záření MeSH
- inhalační expozice analýza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování radiace MeSH
- obsah radioaktivních látek v organizmu MeSH
- radioaktivní kontaminace potravin analýza MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující půdu analýza MeSH
- radioaktivní spad analýza MeSH
- radioizotopy cesia analýza MeSH
- vystavení vlivu životního prostředí analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- černobylská havárie * MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory štítné žlázy * epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory vyvolané zářením * epidemiologie MeSH
- radioaktivní spad * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- uzle štítné žlázy * epidemiologie MeSH
- zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- komentáře MeSH
- souhrny MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Běloruská republika MeSH
Despite being one of the most expensive gourmet foods, it remains unclear if the iconic White Truffle (Tuber magnatum Pico; hereinafter WT) accumulates radioactivity at harmful levels comparable to other fungal species. Here, we measure the active radiocaesium-137 concentration (137Cs) in ten hypogeous WT fruitbodies from southern Hungary, and the soils in which they were growing. All WTs reveal non-significant 137Cs values, thus providing an 'all clear' for WT hunters in the species' northernmost habitats, where corresponding soil samples occasionally exhibit slight 137Cs concentrations. Our results are particularly relevant in the light of a rapidly increasing global demand for WTs and their subsequent trading extent and price inflation, because up to 600 kg of fresh fruitbodies are harvested each year in southern Hungary. Moreover, some of Europe's forest ecosystems, in which mushroom picking is common practise, are still contaminated with 137Cs from the Chernobyl fallout more than 30 years ago, posing a serious threat to human health.
- MeSH
- Agaricales chemie MeSH
- Ascomycota chemie MeSH
- černobylská havárie * MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- katastrofy * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- půda chemie MeSH
- radioaktivní látky znečišťující půdu analýza MeSH
- radioaktivní spad analýza MeSH
- radioizotopy cesia analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Maďarsko MeSH
- MeSH
- černobylská havárie MeSH
- ionizující záření MeSH
- monitorování radiace MeSH
- radiační ochrana MeSH
- radiační poranění prevence a kontrola MeSH
- radiometrie MeSH
- třídění pacientů MeSH
- únik radioaktivních látek MeSH
- urgentní zdravotnické služby metody organizace a řízení MeSH
- zařízení a zdroje radiace MeSH
